Heterokonta
Taxonavigation
[edit]Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phyla: Bigyra – Ochrophyta – Oomycota
Phyla (in synonymy): Heterokontophyta – Pseudofungi
Classes (overview): Actinochrysophyceae – Aurearenophyceae – Bacillariophyceae – Bicoecea – Bigyromonadea – Blastocystea – Bolidophyceae – Chrysomerophyceae – Chrysophyceae – Coscinodiscophyceae – Dictyochophyceae – Eustigmatophyceae – Hyphochytrea – Hyphochytridiomycetes – Labyrinthulomycetes – Nucleohelea – Oomycetes – Opalinea – Peronosporea – Phaeophyceae – Phaeothamniophyceae – Picophagea – Proteromonadea – Raphidophyceae – Schizocladiophyceae – Synchromophyceae – Synurophyceae – Xanthophyceae
Classis (in synonymy): Pelagophyceae – Pinguiophyceae
Genera (unplaced): Cantina
Name
[edit]1. Heterokontae Lüther, 1899
- Synonym
- Xanthophyceae Allorge, 1930, emend. Fritsch, 1935
2. Heterokonta sensu Copeland, 1956
3. Heterokonta sensu Cavalier-Smith, 1986
- Synonyms
- Stramenopiles Patterson, 1989
- Heterokontophyta sensu van den Hoek et al., 1995
- Straminopiles Vørs, 1993
References
[edit]Vernacular names
[edit]Alternative classifications
[edit]Lüther (1899)
[edit]Lüther, A. (1899). Über Chlorosaccus eine neue Gattung der Süsswasseralgen. Bihang til Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 24: 1–22. From Pascher (1912), p. 9, [1].
- Class Heterokontae
- Order Chloromonadales
- Order Confervales
Pascher (1912)
[edit]Pascher, A. 1912 [1913]. Zur Gliederung der Heterokonten (Kieine Beiträge zur Kenntnis unserer Mikroflora 3). Hedwigia, 53: 6–22, [2].
- Heterokontae
- Heterochloridales
- Heterocapsales
- Heterococcales
- Heterotrichales
- Heterosiphonales
Pascher (1939)
[edit]Pascher, A. 1939. Heterokonten. In: Rabenhorsts Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 2. Aufl. Bd. XI. Leipzig: Akad. Verlagsges (1937–1939). p. 204, 215.
Heterokontae
- Class Heterochloridineae
- Class Rhizochloridineae
- Class Hetcrocapsineae
- Class Heterococcincae
- Class Hetcrotrichineae
- Class Heterosiphonineae
Copeland (1956)
[edit]Copeland, H. F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Palo Alto: Pacific Books, pp. 63-67, [3].
- Kingdom Protoctista
- Phylum Phaeophyta [group similar to Heterokonta sensu Cavalier-Smith]
- Class Heterokonta
- Order Ochomonadalea
- Order Silicoflagellata
- Order Vaucheriacea [= Xanthophyceae]
- Order Choanoflagellata
- Order Hyphochytrialea
- Class Bacillariacea
- Class Oomycetes
- Class Melanophycea [= Phaeophyceae]
- Class Heterokonta
- Phylum Phaeophyta [group similar to Heterokonta sensu Cavalier-Smith]
Leedale (1974)
[edit]Leedale, G. F. (1974). How many are the kingdoms of organisms? Taxon, 23 (1974), pp. 261–270, [4]. See Whittaker in Kreir (1977), [5]
[“Fan” scheme, p. 269:]
- Prokaryote (Monera)
- Eukaryote
- Rhodophyta
- Plantae (Chlorophyta, Charophyta, Bryophyta, Tracheophyta)
- Heterokonts (Oomycota, Bacillariophyta, Xanthophyta, Chrysophyta, Phaeophyta)
- Eustigmatophyta
- Haptophyta
- Cryptophyta
- Dinophyta
- Chytridiomycota
- Fungi (Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, Ascomycota)
- Euglenophyta
- Zoomastigina
- Myxomycota
- Sarcodina
- Ciliophora
- Sporozoa
- Porifera
- Animalia (Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Chordata, etc.)
- Mesozoa
Cavalier-Smith (1978)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (1978). The evolutionary origin and phylogeny of microtubules, mitotic spindles and eukaryote flagella. BioSystems, 10(1), 93-114.
- Super-kingdom Eukaryota
- Kingdom 1. Aconta
- Kingdom 2. Haptophyta
- Kingdom 3. Cryptophyta
- Kingdom 4. Heterokonta (Eustigmatophyta, chloromonads, Xanthophyta, biflagellate [=oomycete] fungi, Myxomycetes, hyphochytrid fungi, Phaeophyta, Chrysophyta, chytrid fungi, Actinopoda, Foraminifera, amoeboflagellates, diatoms)
- Kingdom 5. Corticoflagellata
- Kingdom 6. Euglenoida
- Kingdom 7. Chlorophyta
Cavalier-Smith (1981)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981). Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine?. Biosystems, 14(3), 461-481, [6].
Seven eukaryote kingdoms proposal [p. 478]
- Superkingdom Eukaryota
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Viridiplantae
- Kingdom Biliphyta
- Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptophyta
- Phylum Cryptophyta
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Chrysophytina
- Chrysophyceae (including Bicoecida and Silicoflagellida)
- Xanthophyceae
- Phaeophyceae
- Chloromonadophyceae (= Raphidiophyceae)
- Subphylum Phycomycotina (Oomycetes, Hyphochytridiomycetes, Thraustochytrids, Labyrinthulids)
- Subphylum Chrysophytina
- Phylum Bacillariophyta
- Phylum Eustigmatophyta
- Phylum Haptophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subkingdom Cryptophyta
- Kingdom Animalia
- Kingdom Euglenozoa
- Kingdom Protozoa
Cavalier-Smith (1986)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (1986). The kingdom Chromista, origin and systematics. In: Round, F.E. and Chapman, D.J. (eds.). Progress in Phycological Research. 4: 309–347, [7].
Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptophyta
- Phylum Cryptophyta
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Class Synuraceae
- Class Xanthophyceae
- Class Chrysophyceae
- Class Phaeophyceae
- Class Bicosoecea
- Class Eustigmatophyceae
- Subphylum Pseudofungi (= Heterkontimycotina)
- Superclass Pythiista
- Class Oomycetes
- Class Hypochytrea/Hyphochytrea
- Superclass Labyrinthista
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Order Thraustochytriales
- Order Labyrinthulales
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Superclass Pythiista
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Phylum Haptophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
Cavalier-Smith (1989)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith. T. (1989). The Kingdom Chromista. In: J.C. Green et al. (eds). The Chromophyte Algae: problems and Perspectives, pp. 381-407, [8].
- Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptista
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Subphylum Bicoecia
- Subphylum Pseudofungi ("Not now a synonym for Heterokontimycotina Dick 1976.")
- Class Pythiistea
- Subphylum Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith 1986. stat. nov.
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Phylum Haptomonada
- Phylum Heterokonta
Cavalier-Smith (1993)
[edit]From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla, [9]
-
-
- Heterokonta
-
-
- Chrysophycea
- Flavoretea
- Xanthophycea (= Tribophyceae)
- Phaeophycea (= Melanophyceae, Fucophyceae)
-
-
Cavalier-Smith et al. (1995)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith T., Chao E. E., Allsopp M. T. E. P. (1995) Ribosomal RNA evidence for chloroplast loss within Heterokonta: pedinellid relationships and a revised classification of ochristan algae. Arch. Protistenkd. 145: 209–220.
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Infraphylum Raphidoista
- Superclass Raphidomonadia
- Class Raphidomonadea
- Superclass Sarcinochrysia Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class Sarcinochrysea Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Superclass Dictyochia Cavalier-Smith, 1993
- Class. 1. Pelagophycea Andersen & Saunders 1993 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Order Pelagomonadales Andersen & Saunders 1993
- Family Pelagomonadaceae Andersen & Saunders 1993
- Order Pelagomonadales Andersen & Saunders 1993
- Class. 2. Actinochrysea Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Subclass 1. Pedinellidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995
- Order 1. Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup & Hallfors 1984 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Family 1. Pedinellaceae Pascher 1910 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Family 2. Apedinellaceae Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Order 2. Ciliophryales Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Family 1. Ciliophryaceae Poche 1913 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Family 2. Actinomonadaceae Saville Kent 1880 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Order 1. Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup & Hallfors 1984 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Subclass 2. Dictyochidae Haeckel 1894 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Order 1. Silicoflagellales Borgert 1891 (syn. Dictyochales)
- Family Dictyochaceae Lemmermann 1901
- Order 2. Rhizochromulinales O'kelly & Wujek 1994
- Family Rhizochromulinaceae O'kelly & Wujek 1994
- Order 1. Silicoflagellales Borgert 1891 (syn. Dictyochales)
- Subclass 1. Pedinellidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995
- Class. 1. Pelagophycea Andersen & Saunders 1993 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Superclass Raphidomonadia
- Infraphylum Chrysista Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1993
- Superclass 1. Phagochrysia supercl. nov. T. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 1. Chrysophycea Pascher Ex Hibberd 1976 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1989.
- Subclass 1. Chrysomonadidae Saville Kent 1881 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Subclass 2. Synuridae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1989
- Class 2. Flavoretea Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 1. Chrysophycea Pascher Ex Hibberd 1976 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1989.
- Superclass 2. Fucistia supercl. nov. T. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 1. Chrysomerophycea cl. nov. T. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 2. Xanthophycea Allorge & Fritsch 1935 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1989.
- Subclass 1. Rhizochloridae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Subclass2. Tribophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 3. Phaeophycea Kjellman 1891 orthog. emend. Cavalier-Smith 1989.
- Subclass 1. Phaeophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Subclass 2. Fucophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Superclass 1. Phagochrysia supercl. nov. T. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Infraphylum Raphidoista
- omycetes
- bicoecids
- labyrinthulids
- Subphylum Ochrista
Cavalier-Smith & Chao (1996)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith T., Chao E. E. (1996) 18S rRNA sequence of Heterosigma carterae (Raphidophyceae), and the phylogeny of heterokont algae (Ochrophyta). Phycologia 35: 500–510 Abstract DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-35-6-500.1
Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptista
- Phylum Cryptophyta
- Class Cryptophyceae (syn. Cryptomonadea)
- Class Goniomonadea
- Phylum Cryptophyta
- Subkingdom Chromobiota (Cavalier-Smith 1991)
- [unplaced group]
- Phylum Haptophyta
- Infrakingdom Heterokonta
- Phylum Pseudofungi (oomycetes and hyphochytrids)
- Phylum Sagenista
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Class Bicoecea
- Phylum Ochrophyta Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995 (syn. Ochrista Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995)
- Subphylum 1. Phaeista Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Infraphylum 1. Hypogyrista Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Superclass 1. Sarcinochrysia Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 1. Sarcinochrysophyceae orthog. mut. pro Sarcinochrysea Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Superclass 2. Dictyochia Haeckel 1894 emend. stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 1. Pelagophyceae Andersen et Saunders in Andersen et at. 1993
- Class 2. Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith, Chao et Allsopp 1995 (original spelling Actinochrysea)
- Subclass 1. Pedinellidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995 (= Pedinellophycidae)
- Order Rhizochromulinales
- Order Ciliophryales (family Ciliophryaceae)
- Order Pedinellales (families Pedinellaceae, Apedinellaceae and Actinomonadaceae)
- Subclass 2. Silicophycidae Rothmaler stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1996 (= class Dictyochophyceae Silva 1980)
- Subclass 1. Pedinellidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995 (= Pedinellophycidae)
- Superclass 1. Sarcinochrysia Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Infraphylum 2. Chrysista Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Superclass 1. Limnistia supercl. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1996
- Class 1. Raphidophyceae Chadefaud ex Silva 1980 (syns. Chloromonadea, Raphidomonadea)
- Subclass 1. Raphidophycidae pro Raphidochlorophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Subclass 2. Raphidochrysophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 2. Eustigmatophyceae Hibberd et Leedale 1971
- Class 3. Chrysophyceae Pascher ex Hibberd 1976
- Subclass 1. Chrysophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1989 (syn. Chrysomonadidae Kent 1881 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1993)
- Subclass 2. Synurophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1989 (= class Synurea Cavalier-Smith 1986; Synurophyceae Andersen 1987)
- Subclass 3. Leucophycidae subcl. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1996
- Order Paraphysomonadales Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith et ai. 1996
- Family Spumellaceae Kent 1880-1881 (genera Spumella Cienkowski 1870 and Paraphysomonas De Saedeleer 1929
- Order Paraphysomonadales Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith et ai. 1996
- Class 4. Oikomonadea Cavalier-Smith 1996
- Class 1. Raphidophyceae Chadefaud ex Silva 1980 (syns. Chloromonadea, Raphidomonadea)
- Superclass 2. Fucistia Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 1. Chrysomerophyceae Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 2. Xanthophyceae Allorge ex Fritsch 1935 (syn. Tribophyceae Hibberd 1992)
- Subclass 1. Rhizochlorophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Subclass 2. Tribophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 3. Phaeophyceae Kjellman 1891 (syn. Melanophyceae Rabenhorst 1863, Fucophyceae Warming 1884)
- Subclass 1. Phaeophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Subclass 2. Fucophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Superclass 1. Limnistia supercl. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1996
- Infraphylum 1. Hypogyrista Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Subphylum 2. Diatomeae Dumortier 1822 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1995
- Class 1. Centricophyceae Schutt 1896 (original orthog. Centricae) stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1993 (as Centricea) (syns. Centrobacillariophyceae Silva 1962, Coscinodiscophyceae Round et Crawford 1990)
- Subclass 1. Eucentricophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Subclass 2. Corethrophycidae Round et Crawford 1990
- Subclass 3. Rhizosoleniophycidae Round et Crawford 1990
- Class 2. Pennatophyceae Schütt 1896 (original orthog. Pennatae) stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1 993 (as Pennatea) (syn. Pennatobacillariophyceae Silva 1962)
- Subclass 1. Fragilariophycidae Round 1990
- Subclass 2. Raphophycidae orth. mut. pro Raphoidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
- Class 1. Centricophyceae Schutt 1896 (original orthog. Centricae) stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1993 (as Centricea) (syns. Centrobacillariophyceae Silva 1962, Coscinodiscophyceae Round et Crawford 1990)
- Subphylum 1. Phaeista Cavalier-Smith 1995
- [unplaced group]
Cavalier-Smith (1998)
[edit]From A revised six-kingdom system of life, [10]
-
- Heterokonta
-
- Ochrophyta (= Ochrista)
-
-
- Phaeistia (e.g., brown algae, xanthophytes, Chrysomeris)
- Limnistia (e.g., chrysophytes, eustigs, Oikomonas, raphidophytes)
-
Dick (2001)
[edit]Dick, M. W. (2001). Straminipilous fungi. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 670 p., [11].
- Kingdom Straminipila (= Kingdom Chromista)
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Subphylum Bicoecia
- Subphylum Labyrinthista
- Class Labyrinthista (= Labyrinthulomycetes)
- Order Labyrinthulales
- Order Thraustochytriales
- Class Labyrinthista (= Labyrinthulomycetes)
- Subphylum Peronosporomycotina (= Pseudofungi, Heterokontimycotina pro parte majore)
- Class Peronosporomycetes
- Subclass Peronosporomycetidae
- Order Peronosporales
- Order Pythiales
- Subclass Rhipidiomycetidae
- Order Rhipidiales
- Subclass Saprolegniomycetidae
- Order Saprolegniales
- Order Sclerosporales
- Order Leptomitales
- Order Salilagenidiales
- Subclass Peronosporomycetidae
- Class Hyphochytriomycetes
- Subclass Hyphochytriomycetidae
- Order Hyphochytriales
- Subclass Hyphochytriomycetidae
- Class Peronosporomycetes
- Phylum Haptomonada
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subkingdom Cryptista
- Phylum Cryptista
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Incertae sedis
- Class Plasmodiophoromycetes
Hausmann et al. (2003)
[edit]From Hausmann, K., N. Hulsmann, R. Radek. Protistology. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchshandlung, Stuttgart, 2003.
- Prymnesiomonada (= Haptomonada, Haptophyta)
- Cryptomonada
- Heterokonta
Cavalier-Smith & Chao (2006)
[edit]From Thomas Cavalier-Smith & Ema E-Y. Chao: Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (kingdom Chromista). [12] Supplementary material (PDF)
- Heterokonta
Margulis & Chapman (2009)
[edit]Margulis, L., M.J. Chapman. Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth. Fourth edition. Amsterdam: Academic Press/Elsevier, 2009.
- Superkingdom Eukarya
- Kingdom Protoctista
- Subkingdom Heterokonta
- Phylum Bicosoecida
- Phylum Jakobida
- Phylum Proteromonadida
- Phylum Kinetoplastida
- Phylum Euglenida
- Phylum Hemimastigota
- Phylum Hyphochytriomycota
- Phylum Chrysomonada
- Phylum Xanthophyta
- Phylum Phaeophyta
- Phylum Bacillariophyta
- Phylum Labyrinthulata
- Phylum Plasmodiophora
- Phylum Oomycota
- Subkingdom Heterokonta
- Kingdom Protoctista
Cavalier-Smith & Scoble (2013)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T & Scoble, J. M. (2013). Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. European Journal of Protistology 49: 328–353, [13].
Infrakingdom Heterokonta
- Superphylum Gyrista Cavalier-Smith 1998
- Phylum Ochrophyta
- Phylum Pseudofungi
- Superphylum [?]
- Phylum Bigyra Cavalier-Smith 1998
- Subphylum Opalozoa Cavalier-Smith 1991 emend. stat. nov. 2006
- Infraphylum Bikosia Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Class Bikosea Cavalier-Smith 2013 nom. n. pro Bicosoecea Cavalier-Smith, 1986
- Infraphylum Placidozoa Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Superclass Wobblata Cavalier-Smith, 2006 2013
- Class Placididea Moriya et al., 2002
- Class Nanomonadea Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Class Opalomonadea Cavalier-Smith, 2013
- Superclass Opalinata Wenyon, 1926 em. Cavalier-Smith, 1996 stat. n. 2006
- Class Opalinea Wenyon, 1926 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith, 1993 em. 2013
- Class Blastocystea Zierdt et al., 1967
- Superclass Wobblata Cavalier-Smith, 2006 2013
- Infraphylum Bikosia Cavalier-Smith 2013
- Subphylum Sagenista Cavalier-Smith 1995 stat. nov. 2006
- Class Labyrinthulea (Lister 1891) Olive ex Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Class Eogyrea Cavalier-Smith, 2013
- Bigyra incertae sedis
- Subphylum Opalozoa Cavalier-Smith 1991 emend. stat. nov. 2006
- Phylum Bigyra Cavalier-Smith 1998
Ruggiero et al. (2015)
[edit]Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [14].
- Superkingdom Prokaryota
- Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
- Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
- Superkingdom Eukaryota
- Kingdom Protozoa
- Subkingdom Eozoa
- Infrakingdom Euglenozoa
- Infrakingdom Excavata
- Subkingdom Sarcomastigota
- Phylum Amoebozoa
- Phylum Choanozoa [with Microsporidia, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
- Phylum Microsporidia [with Choanozoa, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
- Phylum Sulcozoa
- Subkingdom Eozoa
- Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Hacrobia
- Subkingdom Harosa [= "Supergroup SAR"]
- Infrakingdom Halvaria
- Superphylum Alveolata
- Superphylum Heterokonta [= "Supergroup Stramenopiles"]
- Phylum Bigyra
- Phylum Ochrophyta [= Heterokontophyta p.p.]
- Phylum Pseudofungi [= Oomycota]
- Infrakingdom Rhizaria
- Infrakingdom Halvaria
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
- Kingdom Animalia
- Kingdom Protozoa