Spermatophyta
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[modifica]Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Cladus: Euphyllophytina
Cladus: Radiatopses
Cladus: Lignophyta
Cladus: Spermatophyta
Nome
[modifica]Spermatophyta Willkomm, 1854
Synonyms
- Phanerogamae sensu Bartling, 1830, Brongniart, 1843
- Anthophyta sensu Braun in Ascherson, 1864
- Siphonogamae sensu Engler, 1886
- Magnoliophyta sensu Takhtajan, 1964
- Spermatophytina (auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
Classifications
[modifica]Bartling (1830)
[modifica]Ordines naturales plantarum, [1]. See Lindley (1846), [2].
- Cellularia
- Homonemea (Fungi, Lichenes, Algae)
- Heteronemea (Musci)
- Vascularia
- Cryptogama
- Phanerogama
- Monocotyledonea
- Dicotyledonea
Brongniart (1843)
[modifica]Énumération des genres de plantes cultivées au Musée d'histoire naturelle de Paris, [3]. See Lindley (1846), [4], Engler & Gilg (1919), [5].
- Division Cryptogames (Cryptogamae)
- Amphigénes (Amphigenae)
- Acrogénes (Acrogenae)
- Division Phanérogames (Phanerogamae)
- Monocotylédones (Monocotyledoneae)
- Dicotylédones (Dicotyledoneae)
- Angiospermes (Angiospermae)
- Gymnospermes (Gymnospermae)
Willkomm (1854)
[modifica]Anleitung zum Studium der wissenschaftlichen Botanik, 2 vols., 1854, [6], [7].
Braun in Ascherson (1864)
[modifica]- Ascherson, P.F.A. 1861–1864. Flora der Provinz Brandenburg, der Altmark und des Herzogthums Magdeburg. Erste Abtheilung. A. Hirschwald, Berlin. Biblioteca Digital Reference page. . See Engler & Gilg (1919), [8].
[In Plantae (L.)]
- Bryophyta
- Thallodea (Algen, Flechten, Pilze)
- Thallophyllodea (Charen, Moose)
- Cormophyta
- Anthophyta
- Gymnospermae
- Angiospermae
- Monocotyledones
- Dicotyledones
Engler (1886)
[modifica]Engler, A. 1886. Führer durch den königlich botanischen Garten der Universität zu Breslau. Breslau: J. U. Kern's Verlag, [9].
[In Plantae (L.)]
- Myzetozoa [p. 10]
- Myxomycetes
- Thallophyta
- Schizophyta
- Algae
- Fungi
- Characeae
- Zoidiogamae (Archegoniatae)
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Siphonogamae (Phanerogamae, Anthophyta)
- Gymnospemae (Archispermae)
- Angiospermae (Metaspermae)
- Klasse Monocotyledoneae
- Klasse Dicotyledoneae
- Unterklasse Archichlamydeae
- Unterklasse Sympetalae
Takhtajan (1964)
[modifica]Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. Taxon 13(5): 160–164, [10].
Subregnum Telomobionta (= Cormobionta)
- 1. Divisio Psilophyta
- 2. Divisio Bryophyta
- 3. Divisio Lycopodiophyta (= Lycophyta, Lepidophyta)
- 4. Divisio Psilotophyta
- 5. Divisio Equisetophyta (= Sphenophyta, Calamophyta)
- 6. Divisio Polypodiophyta (= Pteridophyta s.str., Pterophyta s.str.)
- 7. Divisio Magnoliophyta (= Spermatophyta)
Ruggiero et al. (2015)
[modifica]Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [11].
- Superkingdom Eukaryota
- Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
- Subkingdom Biliphyta
- Phylum Glaucophyta
- Phylum Rhodophyta
- Subkingdom Viridiplantae
- Infrakingdom Chlorophyta
- Infrakingdom Streptophyta
- Superphylum Charophyta
- Superphylum Embryophyta
- Phylum Anthocerotophyta
- Phylum Bryophyta
- Phylum Marchantiophyta
- Phylum Tracheophyta
- Subphylum Lycopodiophytina
- Class Lycopodiopsida
- Order Isoetales
- Order Lycopodiales
- Order Selaginellales
- Class Lycopodiopsida
- Subphylum Polypodiophytina
- Class Polypodiopsida
- Subclass Equisetidae
- Order Equisetales
- Subclass Marattiidae
- Order Marattiales
- Subclass Ophioglossidae [= Psilotidae]
- Order Ophioglossales
- Order Psilotales
- Subclass Polypodiidae
- Order Cyatheales
- Order Gleicheniales
- Order Hymenophyllales
- Order Osmundales
- Order Polypodiales
- Order Salviniales
- Order Schizaeales
- Subclass Equisetidae
- Class Polypodiopsida
- Subphylum Spermatophytina
- Superclass “Angiospermae”
- Class Magnoliopsida
- Superorder N.N.
- Order N.N. (e.g., Icacinaceae)
- Superorder Amborellanae
- Order Amborellales
- Superorder Asteranae
- Order Apiales
- Order Aquifoliales
- Order Asterales
- Order Boraginales
- Order Bruniales
- Order Cornales
- Order Dipsacales
- Order Ericales
- Order Escalloniales
- Order Garryales
- Order Gentianales
- Order Lamiales
- Order Paracryphiales
- Order Solanales
- Superorder Austrobaileyanae
- Order Austrobaileyales
- Superorder Berberidopsidanae
- Order Berberidopsidales
- Superorder Buxanae
- Order Buxales
- Superorder Caryophyllanae
- Order Caryophyllales
- Superorder Ceratophyllanae
- Order Ceratophyllales
- Superorder Dillenianae
- Order Dilleniales
- Superorder Lilianae [= Monocotyledones]
- Order Acorales
- Order Alismatales
- Order Arecales
- Order Asparagales
- Order Commelinales
- Order Dasypogonales
- Order Dioscoreales
- Order Liliales
- Order Pandanales
- Order Petrosaviales
- Order Poales
- Order Zingiberales
- Superorder Magnolianae
- Order Canellales
- Order Chloranthales
- Order Laurales
- Order Magnoliales
- Order Piperales
- Superorder Myrothamnanae
- Order Gunnerales
- Superorder Nymphaeanae
- Order Nymphaeales
- Superorder Proteanae
- Order Proteales
- Superorder Ranunculanae
- Order Ranunculales
- Superorder Rosanae
- Order Brassicales
- Order Celastrales
- Order Crossosomatales
- Order Cucurbitales
- Order Fabales
- Order Fagales
- Order Geraniales
- Order Huerteales
- Order Malpighiales
- Order Malvales
- Order Myrtales
- Order Oxalidales
- Order Picramniales
- Order Rosales
- Order Sapindales
- Order Vitales
- Order Zygophyllales
- Superorder Santalanae
- Order Santalales
- Superorder Saxifraganae
- Order Saxifragales
- Superorder Trochodendranae
- Order Trochodendrales
- Superorder N.N.
- Class Magnoliopsida
- Superclass “Gymnospermae”
- Class Cycadopsida
- Class Ginkgoopsida
- Subclass Ginkgooidae
- Order Ginkgoales
- Subclass Ginkgooidae
- Class Gnetopsida
- Class Pinopsida
- Superclass “Angiospermae”
- Subphylum Lycopodiophytina
- Subkingdom Biliphyta
- Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]