Bacteria (classifications)
Taxonavigation
[edit]Name
[edit]1. Bacteria sensu Cohn, 1872b, 1872c [= Prokaryotae, excluding Cyanobacteria]
- Synonyms
- Schizomycetes Nägeli, 1857
- Bacteriaceae Cohn, 1872a
- Schizomycetaceae de Toni and Trevisan, 1889
- Bacteriophyta Schussnig, 1925
2. Bacteria sensu Cavalier-Smith 1981, 1983, 1998, Margulis & Chapman, 2009 [= Prokaryotae]
- Synonyms
- Procaryotae Murray, 1968
3. Bacteria sensu Woese et al., 1990 [= Prokaryotae, excluding Archaea]
- Synonyms
- Eubacteria sensu Woese & Fox, 1977
- Neobacteria Möhn, 1984
Classifications
[edit]Cohn (1872b)
[edit]Cohn, F. 1872. Ueber Bakterien, die kleinsten lebenden Wesen. Lüdritz’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Carl Habel, Berlin, [1]. American reprint (1889): [2].
Bakterien
- Micrococcus
- Bacterium
- Bacillus
- Vibrio
- Spirillum
- Spirochaete
Cohn (1872c)
[edit]Cohn, F. 1872. Untersuchungen über Bacterien. Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen, 1 (2): 127–224, [3], [4]. Translation at: Brock, T.D. (1998). Milestones in Microbiology: 1556 to 1940. ASM Press, p. 210 (PDF)
Bacterien
- Tribe 1. Sphaerobacteria (sphere bacteria)
- Genus 1. Micrococcus char. emend.
- Tribe 2. Microbacteria (rod bacteria)
- Genus 2. Bacterium char. emend.
- Tribe 3. Desmobacteria (filament bacteria)
- Genus 3. Bacillus n. g.
- Genus 4. Vibrio char. emend.
- Tribe 4. Spirobacteria (corkscrew bacteria)
- Genus 5. Spirillum Ehrenberg
- Genus 6. Spirochaete Ehrenberg
Magnin (1880)
[edit]Magnin, A. 1880. The Bacteria. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. Translated by George M. Sternberg. [5]
Bacteria
- Spherobacteria
- Microbacteria
- Desmobacteria
- Spirobacteria
- other colorless Schizophytes
de Bary (1884)
[edit]de Bary, A. 1884. Vergleichende Morphologie und Biologie der Pilze, Mycetozoa und Bakterien. Leipzig. [6]
Bacterien oder Schizomyceten
- Endospore Bacterien
- Arthrospore Bacterien
Hueppe (1886)
[edit]Hueppe, F. 1886. Die Formen der Bakterien und ihre Beziehungen zu de Gattungen und Arten. Wiesbaden, p. 140. [7]
Bakterien
- A. Endospore Bakterien
- Kokkaceen
- Bakteriaceen
- Spirobakteriaceen
- B. Arthrospore Bakterien
- Arthro-Kokkaceen
- Arthro-Bakteriaceen
- Arthro-Spirobakteriaceen
- Leptotricheen
- Cladotricheen
Haeckel (1889)
[edit]Haeckel, E. 1889. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte, 8th ed, [8]. See p. 452, 453, 462, 508.
- Protistenreich
- Protophyta (Protista vegetalia)
- Klass I. Phytarcha
- Phytomonera
- Ordnung 1. Probiontes
- Chromaceae
- Ordnung 2. Chroococceae
- Ordnung 3. Nostochineae
- Phytomonera
- Klass II. Diatomeae
- Klass III. Cosmariae (Desmidieae)
- Klass IV. Palmellariae (Palmellaceae)
- Klass V. Siphoneae (Coeloblastae)
- Klass I. Phytarcha
- Protozoa (Protista animalia)
- Zoarcha (Zoocytoda)
- Zoomonera
- Lobomonera
- Rhizomonera
- Bacteria
- Sphaerobacteria
- Rhabdobacteria
- Zoomonera
- Cytarcha
- Lobosa (Amoebina)
- Gregarinae (Sporozoa)
- Infusoria
- Flagellata (Mastigophora)
- Ciliata
- Acinetae (Suctoria)
- Rhizopoda
- Mycetozoa (Myxomycetes)
- Heliozoa
- Thalamaria (Foraminifera)
- Radiolaria
- Zoarcha (Zoocytoda)
- Protophyta (Protista vegetalia)
- Pflanzenreich
- Thierreich
Engler (1892)
[edit]Engler, Adolf. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik [Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, in further editions]. Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 1st ed., 143 p. [9]
- Euthallophyta
- Schizophyta
- Schizophyceae (= Cyanophyceae)
- Schizomycetes (= Bacteria)
- Coccacei
- Bacteriacei
- Leptotrichacei
- Cladotrichacei
- Phragmidiotrichacei
- Dinoflagellata
- Bacillariales
- Gamophyceae
- Fungi
- Schizophyta
Haeckel (1894)
[edit]Systematische phylogenie, 3 vols (vol. 1, Protisten und Pflanzen, 1894; vol. 2, Invertebrata, 1896; vol. 3, Vertebrata, 1895). [10].
[Vol. 1, p. 90-91:]
- Pflanzen
- Protophyta (Protista plasmodoma) [Vol. 1, p. 96]
- Archephyta (Progonella)
- Probiontes
- Chromaceae (Phycochromaceae)
- Algariae (Paulosporata)
- Paulotomeae
- Conjugatae
- Diatomeae
- Algettae (Zoosporata)
- Mastigota
- Melethallia
- Siphoneae
- Archephyta (Progonella)
- Metaphyta (Histones plasmodomi) [Vol. 1, p. 256]
- Protophyta (Protista plasmodoma) [Vol. 1, p. 96]
- Thieren
- Protozoa (Protista plasmophaga) [Vol. 1, p. 138]
- Archezoa (= Zoarchega)
- Bacteria (= Bactromonera)
- Coccillida
- Bacillida
- Spirillida
- Zoomonera (= Monera s. str.)
- Lobomonera
- Rhizomonera
- Bacteria (= Bactromonera)
- Fungilli (= Sporozoa)
- Rhizopoda
- Infusoria
- Archezoa (= Zoarchega)
- Metazoa (Histones plasmophagi)
- Protozoa (Protista plasmophaga) [Vol. 1, p. 138]
Hueppe (1896)
[edit]Hueppe, F. 1896. Naturwissenschaftliche Einfuhrung in die Bakteriologie. C. W. Kreidels Verlag, Wiesbaden, p. 25. [11] Principles of bacteriology, translation by E. O. Jordan. Open Court Publishing Co., Chicago, 1899, p. 37 [12]
Bakterien
- Coccaceae
- Bacteriaceae
- Spirobacteriaceae
- Leptothricheae
- Cladothricheae
Fischer (1895)
[edit]Fischer, Alfred 1895. Untersuchungen ülber Bakterien. Jahrbücher für wissenschaftliche Botanik, 27, 1–163, (PDF)
Bakterien
- Haplobacteriaceï
- Trichobacteriaceï
Fischer (1897)
[edit]Fischer, A. Vorlesungen über Bakterien. 1897. 1st ed., p. 32 [13] (2nd ed., 1903).
Bakterien
- Haplobacterinae
- Trichobacterinae
Migula (1897–1900)
[edit]Migula, W. 1897–1900. System der Bakterien. Vol. 1, 1897 [14]. Vol. 2, 1900, [15].
Bacteria
- Eubacteria
- Thiobacteria
Smith (1905)
[edit]Smith, Erwin F. 1905. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases. Vol. 1. [16]
Bacteria
- Eubacteria
- Thiobacteria
- Myxobacteria
Heim (1906)
[edit]Heim, Ludwig. 1906. Lehrbuch der Bakteriologie. 3rd ed., p. 303. [17]..
- Bakterien (Schizomyzeten)
- Mikrokokken, Bazillen, Spirillen
- Tricomyzeten
- Blastomyzeten
- Hyphomyzeten
Lotsy (1907)
[edit]Lotsy, J. P. 1907. Vortrage uber botanische Stammesgeschichte. Vol. 1. Algen und Pilsen, p. 329, 341, [18].
Schizophyten
- Schizophyceen
- Bakterien
- Haplobacterinae
- Trichobacterinae
- Myxobakterien
Kolle & Hetch (1911)
[edit]Kolle, W. & Hetch, H. 1911. Die experimentelle Bakteriologie, 3rd ed., p. 17. [19]
Thallophyten
- Pilze
- Höhere Pilze
- Spaltpilze oder Bakterien
- Kokken
- Bazilen
- Spirillen
- Algen, Flechten
- Spaltalgen
- Schwefelbakterien [sulfur bacteria]
- Eisenbakterien [iron bacteria]
- Streptothricheen
- Spaltalgen
Schneider (1912)
[edit]Schneider, A. 1912. Pharmaceutical Bacteriology. [20]
Bacteria (Schizomycetes)
- Coccaceae
- Bacteriaceae
- Spirillaceae
- Spirochaetaceae
- Mycobacteriaceae
- Chlamydobacteriaceae
- Beggiatoaceae
Engler & Gilg (1919)
[edit]Engler, A. & E. Gilg. 1919. Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, 8th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 395 p. [21]
- Schizophyta
- Schizomycetes (Bacteria)
- Eubacteria
- Thiobacteria
- Schizophyceae
- Schizomycetes (Bacteria)
Schussnig (1925)
[edit]Schussnig, B. 1925. Betrachtungen über das system der niederen Pflanzen. Verhandl. d. zool. bot. Ges. Wien., Bd. 75, p. 196–272. [22]
- II. Stamm: Bacteriophyta
- 1. Klasse: Eubacteria
- 2. Klasse: Mycobacteria
- 3. Klasse: Trichobacteria
- 4. Klasse: Myxobacteria
Kluyver & van Niel (1936)
[edit]Kluyver, A. J., and van Niel, C. B. 1936. Prospects for a natural system of classification of bacteria. Centr. Bakt., II, 94, 369–403. [23]
Bacteria
- Pseudomonadaceae
- Micrococcaceae
- Mycobacteriaceae
- Bacteriaceae
Chadefaud & Emberger (1960)
[edit]Chadefaud, M. & Emberger, L. (éds.). 1960. Traité de botanique systématique. Masson et Cie., Paris. Tome I. Les végétaux non vasculaires (Cryptogamie), par M. Chadefaud, 1960, 1 vol. de 1016 pages, [24]. Tome II. Les végétaux vasculaires, par L. Emberger, deux fascicules, 1540 pages. [25], [26]
Monde vivant
- Protocaryotes (= Schizophytes)
- Cyanoschizophytes (= Cyanophycées, Schyzophycées, Myxophycées, ou Algues bleues)
- Chroococcales, Pleurocapsales, Stigonémales, Chamaesiphonales, Nostocales
- Bactérioschizophytes (= Bactéries, ou Schizomycètes)
- Hémibactéries, Eubactéries, Virobactéries
- Cyanoschizophytes (= Cyanophycées, Schyzophycées, Myxophycées, ou Algues bleues)
- Eucaryotes
Buchanan et al. (1974)
[edit]Buchanan, R. E. & Gibbons, N. R. (eds.). 1974. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. [27]
Kingdom Prokaryotae
- Division Photobacteria
- Class I. Blue-green photobacteria
- Class II. Red photobacteria
- Class III. Green photobacteria
- Division Scotobacteria
- Class I. The bacteria
- Class II. Obligate intracellular Scotobacteria in eucaryotic cells (Rickettsias)
- Class III. Scotobacteria without cell walls (Mollicutes)
Cavalier-Smith (1981)
[edit]Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine?, [28].
- Superkingdom Prokaryota
- Kingdom Bacteria
- Subkingdom Eubacteria
- Subkingdom Archaebacteria
- Kingdom Bacteria
- Superkingdom Eukaryota
Parker et al. (1982)
[edit]Parker, S. P. (ed.). 1982. Synopsis and classification of living organisms. 2 vols. McGraw-Hill, New York, [29], [30]. See Brands (1989–2005), [31]
Superkingdom Prokaryotae
- Kingdom Virus
- Bacterial Viruses
- Plant viruses
- Vertebrate viruses
- Invertebrate viruses
- Kingdom Monera
- Division Bacteria (Haeckel, 1894)
- "Phototrophic bacteria"
- "Gliding bacteria"
- Order Myxobacterales
- Order Cytophagales Leadbetter,1974
- "Sheathed bacteria"
- "Budding and/or appendaged bacteria"
- "Hyphomicrobium group"
- "Caulobacters"
- "Prosthecomicrobia"
- "Planctomyces group"
- Genera Gallionella Ehrenberg, 1838, Metallogenium, Seliberia, Nevskia, Caulococcus, Kusnezovia, Thiodendron
- "Spirochetes"
- Order Spirochaetales Buchanan, 1917
- "Spiral and curved bacteria"
- Family Spirillaceae Migula, 1894
- "Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci"
- Family Pseudomonadaceae Winslow et al., 1917
- Family Azotobacteraceae Pribram, 1933
- Family Rhizobiaceae Conn, 1938
- Family Methylmonadaceae
- Family Halobacteriaceae Gibbons, 1974
- "Gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods"
- Family Enterobacteriaceae Rahn, 1937
- "Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria"
- Family Bacteroidaceae (Castellani & Chalmers, 1919) Pribram, 1933
- "Gram-negative cocci and coccobacilli"
- Family Neisseriaceae Prévot, 1933
- "Gram-negative anaerobic cocci"
- Family Veillonellaceae Rogosa, 1971
- "Gram-negative, chemolithotrophic bacteria"
- Family Nitrobacteraceae Buchanan, 1917
- Family Siderocapsaceae
- "Organisms Metabolizing Sulfur"
- "Methane-producing Bacteria"
- Family Methanobacteriaceae Barker, 1956
- "Gram-positive cocci"
- Family Micrococcaceae Pribram, 1929
- Family Streptococcaceae (Trevisan, 1889) Deibel & Seeley, 1974
- Family Peptococcaceae Rogosa, 1971
- "Endospore-forming rods and cocci"
- Family Bacillaceae Fischer, 1895
- Genera Sporolactobacillus, Clostridium, Desulfotomaculum, Sporosarcina
- "Gram-positive, asporogenous rod-shaped bacteria"
- Family Lactobacillaceae Winslow et al., 1917
- "Actinomycetes and related organisms"
- "Coryneform group"
- Order Actinomycetales Buchanan, 1917
- "Rickettsias"
- Order Rickettsiales Gieszczkiewicz, 1939
- Order Chlamydiales Storz & Page, 1971
- "Mycoplasmas"
- Class Mollicutes Edward & Freundt, 1967
- Division Cyanophycota
- Division Prochlorophycota (Lewin, 1976)
- Division Bacteria (Haeckel, 1894)
Möhn (1984)
[edit]Möhn, E. 1984. System und Phylogenie der Lebewesen. Band 1. Physikalische, chemische und biologische Evolution. Prokaryonta. Eukaryonta (bis Ctenophora). E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, [32]. From Minelli (1993), pp. 215–387, [33].
Superkingdom Prokaryonta
- Suprakingdom Archaebacteria
- Kingdom Archaebacteriobionta
- Infrakingdom Methanobacteriobionta
- Phylum Methanococcacea
- Phylum Methanospirillacea
- Phylum Methanosarcinacea
- Phylum Methanobacteriacea
- Infrakingdom Halobacteriobionta
- Phylum Halobacteriacea
- Phylum Halococcacea
- Infrakingdom Caldariabionta
- Phylum Sulfolobacea
- Phylum Thermoplasmatacea
- Infrakingdom Methanobacteriobionta
- Kingdom Archaebacteriobionta
- Suprakingdom Neobacteria
- Kingdom Bacteriobionta
- Infrakingdom Eubacteria
- Superphylum Grambacteria
- Phylum Streptococcacea
- Phylum Clostridiacea
- Phylum Bacillacea
- Phylum Mycoplasmatacea
- Phylum Chlamydiacea
- Phylum Micrococcacea
- Phylum Actinomycetacea
- Superphylum Agrambacteria
- Phylum Desulfovibrionacea
- Phylum Rhodobacteriacea
- Phylum Thiobacillacea
- Phylum Azotobacteriacea
- Phylum Pseudomonadacea
- Phylum Photobacteriacea
- Phylum Enterobacteriacea
- Superphylum Grambacteria
- Infrakingdom Spirochaetae
- Phylum Spirochaetacea
- Infrakingdom Myxobacteria
- Infrakingdom Eubacteria
- Kingdom Cyanobionta
- Phylum Cyanophyta
- Phylum Prochlorophyta
- Kingdom Bacteriobionta
Superkingdom Eukaryonta
Woese et al. (1990)
[edit]- Woese, C.R., Kandler, O. & Wheelis, M.L. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87(12): 4576–4579. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576. Reference page.
- Archaea
- Bacteria
- Eukarya
Holt et al. (1994)
[edit]Holt. J. G., and N. R. Krieg. 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Md. [34], [35]
"Four major categories of bacteria"
- I. Gram-negative Eubacteria that have cell walls
- II. Gram-positive Eubacteria that have cell walls
- III. Eubacteria lacking cell walls
- IV. The Archaeobacteria
Cavalier-Smith (1998)
[edit]A revised six-kingdom system of life. (PDF)
Empire or Superkingdom Prokaryota Dougherty, 1957 stat. nov. Allsopp 1969
- Kingdom Bacteria Cohn 1870 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith, 1983 (syn. Procaryotae Murray 1968)
- Subkingdom 1. Negibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (in content nearly the same as the former phylum Gracilicutes)
- Infrakingdom 1. Lipobacteria* infrak. nov.
- Superphylum‡ 1. Eobacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1982 (as an infrakingdom) stat. nov.
- Division or Phylum‡ 1. Heliobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987
- Phylum 2. Hadobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1992 em.
- Subdivision or subphylum‡ 1. Chlorobacteria§ Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (e.g. Heliothrix, Chloroflexus)
- Subphylum 2. Deinobacteria§ Cavalier-Smith, 1986 (e.g. Deinococcus, Thermus)
- Superphylum 2. Endoflagellata Cavalier-Smith, 1992
- Phylum 1. Spirochaetae Ehrenberg, 1855 stat. nov.
- Subphylum 1. Euspirochaetae subphyl. nov. (e.g. Treponema)
- Subphylum 2. Leptospirae subphyl. nov. (e.g. Leptospira)
- Phylum 1. Spirochaetae Ehrenberg, 1855 stat. nov.
- Superphylum‡ 1. Eobacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1982 (as an infrakingdom) stat. nov.
- Infrakingdom 2. Glycobacteria infrak. nov.
- Superphylum 1. Pimelobacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (as infrakingdom) stat. nov.
- Phylum 1. Sphingobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987
- Subphylum 1. Chlorobibacteria subphyl. nov. (Chlorobiaceae, e.g. Chlorobium)
- Subphylum 2. Flavobacteria (e.g. Flavobacterium, Cytophaga)
- Phylum 2. Eurybacteria* phyl. nov.
- Subphylum 1. Selenobacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (as phylum) stat. nov. (e.g. Selenomonas, Sporomusa)
- Subphylum 2. Fusobacteria subphyl. nov. (Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia)
- Subphylum 3. Fibrobacteria subphyl. nov. (Fibrobacter)
- Phylum 3. Cyanobacteria Stanier, 1973
- Subphylum 1. Gloeobacteria subphyl. nov. (Gloeobacter)
- Subphylum 2. Phycobacteria subphyl. nov. (e.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Prochloron)
- Phylum 4. Proteobacteria Stackebrandt et al., 1986
- Subphylum 1. Rhodobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (as phylum) stat. nov.
- Infradivision or infraphylum‡ 1. Alphabacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (as class) stat. nov. (e.g. Rhodospirillum, Rickettsia, Agrobacterium)
- Infraphylum 2. Chromatibacteria infraphyl. nov. (β- and γ-proteobacteria, e.g. Escherichia, Haemophilus, Spirillum, Chromatium)
- Subphylum 2. Thiobacteria subphyl. nov. (δ- and ε-proteobacteria, e.g. Desulfovibrio, Thiovulum, Bdellovibrio, Myxobacteria, e.g. Myxococcus)
- Subphylum 1. Rhodobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (as phylum) stat. nov.
- Phylum 1. Sphingobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987
- Superphylum 2. Planctobacteria superphyl. nov.
- Phylum Planctobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (Planctomycetales and Chlamydiae)
- Superphylum 1. Pimelobacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (as infrakingdom) stat. nov.
- Infrakingdom 1. Lipobacteria* infrak. nov.
- Subkingdom 2. Unibacteria new subkingdom
- Infrakingdom 1. Posibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987 stat. nov.
- Phylum Posibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987
- Subphylum 1. Teichobacteria subphyl. nov. (includes Firmicutes and Mollicutes; paraphyletic Firmicutes here abandoned as a formal taxon and subdivided between Endobacteria and Actinobacteria)
- Infraphylum 1. Endobacteria infraphyl. nov. (classes Clostridea Cavalier-Smith, 1982, e.g. Bacillus, and Mollicutes, e.g. Mycoplasma)
- Infraphylum 2. Actinobacteria Margulis, 1974 (as phylum) stat. nov. (e.g. Corynebacterium, Streptomyces)
- Subphylum 2. Togobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1992 (as phylum) stat. nov. (Thermotogales and Aquifex)
- Subphylum 1. Teichobacteria subphyl. nov. (includes Firmicutes and Mollicutes; paraphyletic Firmicutes here abandoned as a formal taxon and subdivided between Endobacteria and Actinobacteria)
- Phylum Posibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987
- Infrakingdom 2. Archaebacteria Woese & Fox, 1977 stat. nov.
- Phylum Mendosicutes Gibbons & Murray, 1978
- Subphylum 1. Euryarcheota Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990 stat. nov.
- Infraphylum 1. Halomebacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1986 (e.g. Halobacterium, Methanospirillum)
- Infraphylum 2. Eurytherma infraphy. nov. (Thermoplasma, Thermococcales, Archaeoglobales)
- Subphylum 2. Sulfobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1986 stat. nov. (syn. Crenarcheota Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990; Sulfolobales and Thermoproteales; Jim Black Pool thermophiles: e.g. Sulfolobus, Pyrobaculum)
- Subphylum 1. Euryarcheota Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990 stat. nov.
- Phylum Mendosicutes Gibbons & Murray, 1978
- Infrakingdom 1. Posibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987 stat. nov.
- Subkingdom 1. Negibacteria* Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (in content nearly the same as the former phylum Gracilicutes)
[* Probably paraphyletic.
† Almost certainly paraphyletic.
‡ All the phyla here should be treated as divisions.
§ Originally treated as separate phyla (Cavalier-Smith, 1992a).]
Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed. (2001–2012)
[edit]From Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., 5 vols. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. After Madigan et al. 2012. [36]
Domain Archaea [vol. 1]
- Phylum I. Crenarchaeota phy. nov.
- Phylum II. Euryarchaeota phy. nov.
Domain Bacteria
- [vol. 1]
- Phylum I. Aquificae phy. nov.
- Phylum II. Thermotogae phy. nov.
- Phylum III. Thermodesulfobacteria phy. nov.
- Phylum IV. "Deinococcus-Thermus"
- Phylum V. Chrysiogenetes phy. nov.
- Phylum VI. Chloroflexi phy. nov.
- Phylum VII. Thermomicrobia phy. nov.
- Phylum VIII. Nitrospirae phy. nov.
- Phylum IX. Deferribacteres phy. nov.
- Phylum X. Cyanobacteria
- Phylum XI. Chlorobi phy. nov.
- Phylum XII.Proteobacteria [in part]
- The anoxygenic phototrophic purple bacteria
- Phylum XIII. Firmicutes Gibbons and Murray, 5 emend. Garrity and Holt [in part]
- Class I. "Clostridia"
- Order I. "Clostridiales"
- Family VI. Heliobacteriaceae
- Order I. "Clostridiales"
- Class I. "Clostridia"
- [vol. 2]
- Phylum XII. Proteobacteria phyl. nov
- Class I. Alphaproteobacteria class. nov. [vol. 2C]
- Class II. Betaproteobacteria class. nov. [vol. 2C]
- Class III. Gammaproteobacteria class. nov. [vol. 2B]
- Class IV. Deltaproteobacteria class nov. [vol. 2C]
- Class V. Epsilonproteobacteria class nov. [vol. 2C]
- Phylum XII. Proteobacteria phyl. nov
- [vol. 3]
- Phylum XIII. Firmicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5 (Firmacutes [sic] Gibbons and Murray, 1978, 5)
- Class I. "Bacilli" class. nov.
- Order I. Bacillales Prévot, 1953, 60
- Order II. "Lactobacillales" ord. nov.
- Class II. "Clostridia" class. nov.
- Order I. Clostridiales Prévot 1953
- Order II. Halanaerobiales corrig. Rainey and Zhilina, 1995a, 879 (Effective publication: Rainey, Zhilina, Boulygina, Stackebrandt, Tourova and G.A. Zavarzin, 1995b, 193.)
- Order III. Thermoanaerobacterales ord. nov.
- Class III. Erysipelotrichia class nov.
- Order I. Erysipelotrichales ord. nov.
- Class I. "Bacilli" class. nov.
- Phylum XIII. Firmicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5 (Firmacutes [sic] Gibbons and Murray, 1978, 5)
- [vol. 4]
- Phylum XIV. Bacteroidetes phyl. nov.
- Phylum XV. Spirochaetes Garrity and Holt, 2001
- Phylum XVI. Tenericutes Murray, 1984a, 356
- Phylum XVII. Acidobacteria phyl. nov.
- Phylum XVIII. Fibrobacteres Garrity and Holt, 2001
- Phylum XIX. Fusobacteria Garrity and Holt, 2001, 140
- Phylum XX. Dictyoglomi phyl. nov.
- Phylum XXI. Gemmatimonadetes Zhang, Sekiguchi, Hanada, Hugenholtz, Kim, Kamagata and Nakamura, 2003, 1161
- Phylum XXII. Lentisphaerae Cho, Vergin, Morris and Giovannoni, 2004a, 1005
- Phylum XXIII. Verrucomicrobia phyl. nov.
- Phylum XXIV. Chlamydiae Garrity and Holt, 2001
- Phylum XXV. Planctomycetes Garrity and Holt, 2001, 137 emend. Ward (this volume)
- [vol. 5]
- Phylum XXVI. Actinobacteria phyl. nov.
Cavalier-Smith (2006a)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (2006). Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses. Biology Direct 1: 19, [37].
- Kingdom Bacteria*
- Subkingdom Negibacteria*
- Infrakingdom Glidobacteria* infraking. nov.
- Superdivision Eobacteria* superking. nov.
- Phylum Chlorobacteria
- Phylum Hadobacteria
- Superdivision Cyanobacteria* superking. nov.
- Phylum Cyanobacteria
- Superdivision Eobacteria* superking. nov.
- Infrakingdom Eurybacteria* infraking. nov.
- Phylum Eurybacteria* div. nov.
- Infrakingdom Gracilicutes infraking. nov.
- Phylum Spirochaetae
- Phylum Sphingobacteria
- Class Chlorobea
- Class Flavobacteria
- Superphylum Exoflagellata
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Subphylum Rhodobacteria
- Subphylum Thiobacteria
- Subphylum Geobacteria
- Phylum Planctobacteria
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Infrakingdom Glidobacteria* infraking. nov.
- Subkingdom Unibacteria*
- Phylum Posibacteria*
- Subphylum Endobacteria
- Subphylum Actinobacteria*
- Phylum Archaebacteria
- Subphylum Euryarchaeota
- Subphylum Crenarchaeota
- Phylum Posibacteria*
- Subkingdom Negibacteria*
[*Probably paraphyletic taxa are marked with an asterisk.]
Cavalier-Smith (2006b)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (2006). Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361 (1470): 969–1006, [38], [39].
Kingdom Bacteria
- Phylum Chlorobacteria
- Phylum Hadobacteria
- Phylum Cyanobacteria
- Phylum Spirochaetae
- Phylum Sphingobacteria
- Phylum Planctobacteria
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Phylum Eurybacteria
- Phylum Posibacteria
- Subphylum Endobacteria
- Subphylum Actinobacteria
- Phylum Archaebacteria
Garrity et al. (2007)
[edit]Garrity, G.M., Lilburn, T.G., Cole, J.R., Harrison, S.H., Euzeby, J., and Tindall, B.J. 2007. Taxonomic Outline of the Bacteria and Archaea, Release 7.7. Michigan State University Board of Trustees, [40].
- Domain Archaea
- Phylum Crenarchaeota
- Phylum Euryarchaeota
- Domain Bacteria
- Phylum Aquificae
- Phylum Thermotogae
- Phylum Thermodesulfobacteria
- Phylum Deinococcus-Thermus
- Phylum Chrysiogenetes
- Phylum Chloroflexi
- Phylum Thermomicrobia
- Phylum Nitrospira
- Phylum Deferribacteres
- Phylum Cyanobacteria
- Phylum Chlorobi
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Class Alphaproteobacteria
- Class Betaproteobacteria
- Class Gammaproteobacteria
- Class Deltaproteobacteria
- Class Epsilonproteobacteria
- Phylum Firmicutes
- Class "Clostridia"
- Class Mollicutes
- Class "Bacilli"
- Phylum Actinobacteria
- Class "Actinobacteria"
- Phyla Planctomycetes
- Phylum Chlamydiae
- Phylum Spirochaetes
- Phylum Fibrobacteres
- Phylum Acidobacteria
- Phylum Bacteroidetes
- Phylum Fusobacteria
- Phylum Verrucomicrobia
- Phylum Dictyoglomi
- Phylum Gemmatimonadetes
- Phylum Lentisphaerae
Margulis & Chapman (2009)
[edit]Kingdoms & Domains, 4th ed.
Superkingdom Prokarya
- Kingdom Bacteria (Prokaryotae, Procaryotae, Monera)
- Subkingdom or domain Archaea (Archaebacteria)
- Division Mendosicutes
- Phylum Euryarchaeota
- Phylum Crenarchaeota
- Division Mendosicutes
- Subkingdom or domain Eubacteria
- Division Gracilicutes (= Hydrobacteria)
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Phylum Spirochaetae
- Phylum Bacteroides–Saprospirae
- Phylum Cyanobacteria
- Phylum Chloroflexa
- Phylum Chlorobia
- Division Tenericutes
- Phylum Aphragmabacteria
- Division Firmicutes
- Phylum Endospora
- Phylum Pirellulae
- Phylum Actinobacteria
- Phylum Deinococci
- Phylum Thermotogae
- Division Gracilicutes (= Hydrobacteria)
- Subkingdom or domain Archaea (Archaebacteria)
Ruggiero et al. (2015)
[edit]Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. 2015. A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248 [41]
Superkingdom Prokaryota
- Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
- Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
- Subkingdom Negibacteria
- Phylum Acidobacteria
- Class N.N. (Bryobacter)
- Class Acidobacteria
- Order Acidobacteriales
- Class Holophagae
- Order Acanthopleuribacterales
- Order Holophagales
- Phylum Aquificae
- Class Aquificae
- Order Aquificales
- Class Aquificae
- Phylum Armatimonadetes
- Class Armatimonadia
- Order Armatimonadales
- Class Chthonomonadetes
- Order Chthonomonadales
- Class Fimbriimonadia
- Order Fimbriimonadales
- Class Armatimonadia
- Phylum Bacteroidetes
- Class Bacteroidia
- Order Bacteroidales
- Class Cytophagia
- Order Cytophagales
- Class Flavobacteria
- Order Flavobacteriales
- Class Sphingobacteriia
- Order Sphingobacteriales
- Phylum Caldiserica
- Class Caldisericia
- Order Caldisericales
- Class Caldisericia
- Phylum Chlamydiae
- Class Chlamydiae
- Order Chlamydiales
- Class Chlamydiae
- Phylum Chlorobi
- Class Chlorobia
- Order Chlorobiales
- Class Ignavibacteria
- Order Ignavibacteriales
- Class Chlorobia
- Phylum Chrysiogenetes
- Class Chrysiogenetes
- Order Chrysiogenales
- Class Chrysiogenetes
- Phylum Cyanobacteria [= Cyanophyta]
- Class Cyanophyceae [= Phycobacteria]
- Order Chroococcales
- Order Nostocales
- Order Oscillatoriales
- Order Pseudoanabaeniales
- Order Synechococcales
- Class Gloeobacteria [= Gloeobacterophyceae]
- Order Gloeobacterales
- Class Cyanophyceae [= Phycobacteria]
- Phylum Deferribacteres
- Class Deferribacteres
- Order Deferribacterales
- Class Deferribacteres
- Phylum Deinococcus-Thermus [= Hadobacteria]
- Class Deinococci
- Order Deinococcales
- Order Thermales
- Class Deinococci
- Phylum Dictyoglomi
- Class Dictyoglomia
- Order Dictyoglomales
- Class Dictyoglomia
- Phylum Elusimicrobia
- Class Elusimicrobia
- Order Elusimicrobiales
- Class Elusimicrobia
- Phylum Fibrobacteres
- Class Fibrobacteria
- Order Fibrobacterales
- Class Fibrobacteria
- Phylum Fusobacteria
- Class Fusobacteriia
- Order Fusobacteriales
- Class Fusobacteriia
- Phylum Gemmatimonadetes
- Class Gemmatimonadetes
- Order Gemmatimonadales
- Class Gemmatimonadetes
- Phylum Lentisphaerae
- Class Lentisphaeria
- Order Lentisphaerales
- Order Victivallales
- Class Oligosphaeria
- Order Oligosphaerales
- Class Lentisphaeria
- Phylum Nitrospira
- Class "Nitrospira"
- Order "Nitrospirales"
- Class "Nitrospira"
- Phylum Planctomycetes
- Class Phycisphaerae
- Order Phycisphaerales
- Class Planctomycea
- Order Planctomycetales
- Class Phycisphaerae
- Phylum Proteobacteria
- Class Alphaproteobacteria
- Order N.N. (e.g., Breoghania)
- Order Caulobacterales
- Order Kiloniellales
- Order Kordiimonadales
- Order Magnetococcales
- Order “Parvularculales”
- Order Rhizobiales
- Order Rhodobacterales
- Order Rhodospirillales
- Order Rickettsiales
- Order Sneathiellales
- Order Sphingomonadales
- Class Betaproteobacteria
- Order N.N. (Chitinivorax)
- Order Burkholderiales
- Order Hydrogenophilales
- Order Methylophilales
- Order Neisseriales
- Order Nitrosomonadales
- Order "Procabacteriales"
- Order Rhodocyclales
- Class Deltaproteobacteria
- Order N.N. (e.g., Deferrisoma)
- Order Bdellovibrionales
- Order Desulfarculales
- Order Desulfobacterales
- Order Desulfovibrionales
- Order Desulfurellales
- Order Desulfuromonadales
- Order Myxococcales
- Order Syntrophobacterales
- Class Epsilonproteobacteria
- Order Campylobacterales
- Order Nautiliales
- Class Gammaproteobacteria
- Order N.N. (e.g., Alkalimonas)
- Order Acidithiobacillales
- Order Aeromonadales
- Order Alteromonadales
- Order Cardiobacteriales
- Order Chromatiales
- Order “Enterobacteriales”
- Order Legionellales
- Order Methylococcales
- Order Oceanospirillales
- Order Orbales
- Order Pasteurellales
- Order Pseudomonadales
- Order “Salinisphaerales”
- Order Thiotrichales
- Order “Vibrionales”
- Order Xanthomonadales
- Class Zetaproteobacteria
- Order Mariprofundales
- Class Alphaproteobacteria
- Phylum Spirochaetae
- Class "Spirochaetes"
- Order Spirochaetales
- Class "Spirochaetes"
- Phylum Synergistetes
- Class Synergistia
- Order Synergistales
- Class Synergistia
- Phylum Thermodesulfobacteria
- Class Thermodesulfobacteria
- Order Thermodesulfobacteriales
- Class Thermodesulfobacteria
- Phylum Thermotogae
- Class Thermotogae
- Order Thermotogales
- Class Thermotogae
- Phylum Verrucomicrobia
- Class Opitutae
- Order Opitutales
- Order Puniceicoccales
- Class Verrucomicrobiae
- Order Verrucomicrobiales
- Class Opitutae
- Phylum Acidobacteria
- Subkingdom Posibacteria
- Phylum Actinobacteria
- Class Actinobacteria
- Order Acidimicrobiales
- Order Actinomycetales
- Order Bifidobacteriales
- Order Coriobacteriales
- Order Euzebyales
- Order Gaiellales
- Order Nitriliruptorales
- Order Rubrobacterales
- Order Solirubrobacterales
- Order Thermoleophilales
- Class Actinobacteria
- Phylum Chloroflexi [= Chlorobacteria]
- Class Anaerolineae
- Order Anaerolineales
- Class Caldilineae
- Order Caldilineales
- Class Chloroflexia
- Order Chloroflexales
- Order Herpetosiphonales
- Class Dehalococcoidia
- Order Dehalococcoidales
- Class Ktedonobacteria
- Order Ktedonobacterales
- Order Thermogemmatisporales
- Class Thermomicrobia
- Order Sphaerobacterales
- Order Thermomicrobiales
- Class Anaerolineae
- Phylum Firmicutes
- Class Bacilli
- Order Bacillales
- Order Lactobacillales
- Class Clostridia
- Order Clostridiales
- Order Halanaerobiales
- Order Natranaerobiales
- Order Thermoanaerobacterales
- Class Erysipelotrichia
- Order Erysipelotrichales
- Class Negativicutes
- Order Selenomonadales
- Class Thermolithobacteria
- Order Thermolithobacterales
- Class Bacilli
- Phylum Tenericutes
- Class Mollicutes
- Order Acholeplasmatales
- Order Anaeroplasmatales
- Order Entomoplasmatales
- Order Haloplasmatales
- Order Mycoplasmatales
- Class Mollicutes
- Phylum Actinobacteria
- Subkingdom Negibacteria
Parte (2016)
[edit]Parte, A.C. (2016). List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Created by J.P. Euzéby in 1997. Curated by A.C. Parte since 2013. Avaiable on: http://www.bacterio.net. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Domain Bacteria
- Phylum Acidobacteria Thrash and Coates 2012
- Phylum Actinobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002, subdivisio nov.
- Phylum Aquificae Reysenbach 2001
- Phylum Armatimonadetes Tamaki et al. 2011
- Phylum Bacteroidetes Krieg et al. 2012
- Phylum Caldiserica Mori et al. 2009
- Phylum Chlamydiae Garrity and Holt 2012
- Phylum Chlorobi Iino et al. 2010
- Phylum Chloroflexi Garrity and Holt 2002 emend. Hugenholtz and Stackebrandt 2004
- Phylum Chrysiogenetes Garrity and Holt 2001
- Phylum Cyanobacteria (ex Stanier 1974) Cavalier-Smith 2002, divisio nov., nom. rev.
- Phylum Deferribacteres Garrity and Holt 2001 emend. Jumas-Bilak et al. 2009
- Phylum Deinococcus-Thermus
- Phylum Dictyoglomi Patel 2012
- Phylum Elusimicrobia Geissinger et al. 2010
- Phylum Fibrobacteres Garrity and Holt 2012
- Phylum Firmicutes corrig. Gibbons and Murray 1978, divisio
- Phylum Fusobacteria Garrity and Holt 2012
- Phylum Gemmatimonadetes Zhang et al. 2003
- Phylum Lentisphaerae Cho et al. 2004
- Phylum Nitrospira or Nitrospirae
- Phylum Planctomycetes or Planctobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002, divisio nov.
- Phylum Proteobacteria Garrity et al. 2005
- Phylum Spirochaetes or Spirochaetae Cavalier-Smith 2002, divisio nov.
- Phylum Synergistetes Jumas-Bilak et al. 2009
- Phylum Tenericutes Murray 1984, divisio nov.
- Phylum Thermodesulfobacteria Garrity and Holt 2001
- Phylum Thermomicrobia Garrity and Holt 2001
- Phylum Thermotogae Reysenbach 2001
- Phylum Verrucomicrobia Hedlund 2012
Parte et al. (2024)
[edit]- Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. & Göker, M. 2020. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70: 5607–5612. DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 Reference page. Retrieved 8 August 2024
- Phylum Abditibacteriota Tahon et al. 2023
- Phylum Acidobacteriota Thrash and Coates 2021
- Phylum Actinomycetota Goodfellow 2021
- Phylum Aquificota Reysenbach 2021
- Phylum Armatimonadota Tamaki et al. 2021
- Phylum Atribacterota Katayama et al. 2021
- Phylum Bacillota Gibbons and Murray 2021
- Phylum Bacteroidota Krieg et al. 2021
- Phylum Balneolota Hahnke et al. 2021
- Phylum Caldisericota Mori et al. 2021
- Phylum Calditrichota Kublanov et al. 2021
- Phylum Chlamydiota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Chlorobiota Iino et al. 2021
- Phylum Chloroflexota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Chrysiogenota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Coprothermobacterota Pavan et al. 2021
- Phylum Cyanobacteriota Oren et al. 2022
- Phylum Deferribacterota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Deinococcota Weisburg et al. 2021
- Phylum Dictyoglomerota corrig. Patel 2021
- Phylum Elusimicrobiota Geissinger et al. 2021
- Phylum Fibrobacterota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Fusobacteriota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Gemmatimonadota Zhang et al. 2021
- Phylum Kiritimatiellota Spring et al. 2021
- Phylum Lentisphaerota Cho et al. 2021
- Phylum Mycoplasmatota Murray 2021
- Phylum Nitrospinota Lücker et al. 2021
- Phylum Nitrospirota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Planctomycetota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Pseudomonadota Garrity et al. 2021
- Phylum Rhodothermota Munoz et al. 2021
- Phylum Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Synergistota Jumas-Bilak et al. 2021
- Phylum Thermodesulfobacteriota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Thermomicrobiota Garrity and Holt 2021
- Phylum Thermotogota Reysenbach 2021
- Phylum Verrucomicrobiota Hedlund 2021
- Phylum Vulcanimicrobiota Yabe et al. 2024
See also
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Buchanan, R. E. 1917. Studies in the Nomenclature and Classification of the Bacteria: II. The Primary Subdivisions of the Schizomycetes. J. Bacteriol. 2 (2): 155–64, [42]
- Buchanan, R. E. 1925. General systematic bacteriology: history, nomenclature, groups of bacteria. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, [43]
- Cohn, F. 1872a. Organismen in der Pockenlymphe. Virchows Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medizin, 55 (1), 229–238, [44]
- Pelentier, B. 2007–2015. Empire Biota: a comprehensive taxonomy, [45]