Spiranthes

Spiranthes spiralis (Typus)

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asparagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Cranichideae
Subtribus: Spiranthinae
Genus: Spiranthes

Overview of species (37)

S. aestivalis – S. arcisepala – S. australis – S. brevilabris – S. casei – S. cernua – S. delitescens – S. diluvialis – S. eatonii – S. flexuosa – S. graminea – S. igniorchis – S. incurva – S. infernalis – S. lacera – S. laciniata – S. longilabris – S. lucida – S. magnicamporum – S. nebulorum – S. niklasii – S. ochroleuca – S. odorata – S. ovalis – S. porrifolia – S. praecox – S. pusilla – S. romanzoffiana – S. sinensis – S. spiralis – S. suishanensis – S. sunii – S. sylvatica – S. torta – S. triloba – S. tuberosa – S. vernalis

Nothospecies: (8)

S. × eamesii – S. × heteroaustralis – S. × hongkongensis – S. × intermedia – S. × kapnosperia – S. × simpsonii – S. × stellata – S. × zahlbruckneri

Name

Spiranthes Rich., De Orchid. Eur.: 28 (1817), nom. cons.

• Type species: Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall., Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 330 (1827)

Synonymy

• Heterotypic
  • Orchiastrum Ség., Pl. Veron. 3: 252 (1754)
  • Triorchis Millán, Jac. Pet. Opera: t. 68, f. 7 (1765), nom. illeg.
  • Helictonia Ehrh., Beitr. Naturk. 4: 148 (1789)
  • Aristotelea Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 522 (1790)
  • Gyrostachis Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 511 (1807), nom. provis.
  • Ibidium Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 291 (1812)
  • Tussacia Raf. ex Desv., Observ. Pl. Angers: 91 (1818)
  • Gyrostachys Pers. ex Dumort., Fl. Belg.: 134 (1827)
  • Monustes Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 87 (1837)
  • Orchiastrum Micheli ex Greene, Man. Bot. San Francisco: 305 (1894)
  • Triorchis Petiver ex Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 122 (1913), orth. var.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Northern Europe Denmark, Great Britain, Ireland. Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Eastern Europe East European Russia, Ukraine. Africa Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia. Asia-Temperate Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutiya. Russian Far East Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin. Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey. China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang. Mongolia Mongolia. Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan. Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya. Indo-China Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Malesia Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera. Papuasia New Guinea, Solomon Islands. Australasia Australia New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria. New Zealand Chatham Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South. Pacific Southwestern Pacific Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu. Northern America Subarctic America Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon. Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Eastern Canada New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isle, Québec. Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Islands, Vermont, West Virginia. Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast. Southern America Central America Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua. Caribbean Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Islands. Northern South America French Guiana. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2003. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 3: Orchidoideae (Part two); page 258 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850711-9
  
• Richard, L.C.M. 1817. De Orchideis Europaeis Annotationes 28–29, 36–37.

Links

• 'eFloras 2009. Spiranthes in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Spiranthes
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Spiranthes in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 April 4. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Spiranthes in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 April 4. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2020. Spiranthes. Published online. Accessed: 4 April 2020.
• The Plant List 2013. Spiranthes in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 April 4.
• Tropicos.org 2020. Spiranthes. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 April 4.

Vernacular names

العربية: لولوبة
Deutsch: Drehwurzen
English: Ladies'-tresses
فارسی: چنبره‌ای (سرده)
suomi: Kierrevilkat
hrvatski: Zasukica
hornjoserbsce: Wjertulka
italiano: Viticcini
日本語: ネジバナ
перем коми: Спирантес
коми: Спирантес
lietuvių: Sraigtenis
мокшень: Спирантес
кырык мары: Спирантес
Nederlands: Schroeforchis
polski: Kręczynka
русский: Спирантес
svenska: Skruvaxsläktet
Türkçe: İncisalebi
удмурт: Спирантес
Tiếng Việt: Gyrostachys
中文（简体）‎: 绶草属
中文（繁體）‎: 綬草屬

For more multimedia, look at Spiranthes on Wikimedia Commons.