Phalaris caroliniana

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Poeae
Subtribus: Phalaridinae
Genus: Phalaris
Species: Phalaris caroliniana

Phalaris caroliniana Walter, Fl. Carol.: 74 (1788)

Heterotypic
- Phalaris americana Elliott in Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 101 (1816)
- Phalaris angusta Schltdl. in Linnaea 24: 187 (1851), nom. illeg.
- Phalaris intermedia Bosc ex Poir. in Encycl., Suppl. 1: 300 (1810)
- Phalaris intermedia var. angustata Beal in Grass. N. Amer. 2: 182 (1896)
- Phalaris intermedia var. microstachya (DC.) Vasey in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 42 (1892)
- Phalaris macrostachya D.Dietr. in Syn. Plant. 1: 237 (1839), orth. var.
- Phalaris microstachya DC. in Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 131 (1813)
- Phalaris occidentalis Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 5: 144 (1835)
- Phalaris trivialis Trin. in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 5(2, Bot.): 55 (1839)

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
- Regionalː Southeastern USA
  - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia
- Regionalː Southern Central USA
  - Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas
- Regionalː Southwestern USA
  - California, Oregon
- Regionalː Mexico
  - Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest
- Introduced into:
  - Chile Central, Puerto Rico
- Recorded in error in:
  - Maryland

Walter, T. 1788. Flora Caroliniana, secundum Systema vegetabilium Linnæi digesta, characteres essentiales naturalesve et differentias veras exhibens; cum emendationibus numerosis, descriptionum antea evulgatarum adumbrationes stirpium plus mille continens, necnon generibus novis non paucis, speciebus plurimis novisq. ornata. viii + 263 pp., John Fraser, London. BHL Reference page. ː 74.

Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. 2006. World Grass Species – Synonymy database. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available for download as an Access file from Synonymy database. Reference page.
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Phalaris caroliniana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 December 21. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2025. Phalaris caroliniana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 December 2025. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2025. Phalaris caroliniana. Published online. Accessed: December 21 2025. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Phalaris caroliniana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: December 21. Reference page.