Crotalus

Crotalus horridus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Viperoidea

Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Animalia Subregnum: Eumetazoa Cladus: Bilateria Cladus: Nephrozoa Superphylum: Deuterostomia Phylum: Chordata Cladus: Craniata Subphylum: Vertebrata Infraphylum: Gnathostomata Superclassis: Tetrapoda Cladus: Reptiliomorpha Cladus: Amniota Classis: Reptilia Cladus: Eureptilia Cladus: Romeriida Subclassis: Diapsida Cladus: Sauria Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha Superordo: Lepidosauria Ordo: Squamata Subordo: Serpentes Infraordo: Caenophidia Superfamilia: Viperoidea

Familia: Viperidae
Subfamilia: Crotalinae
Genus: Crotalus
Species (53): C. adamanteus – C. angelensis – C. aquilus – C. armstrongi – C. atrox – C. basiliscus – C. campbelli – C. catalinensis – C. cerastes – C. cerberus – C. concolor – C. culminatus – C. durissus – c. ehecatl – C. enyo – C. ericsmithi – C. estebanensis – C. helleri – C. horridus – C. intermedius – C. lannomi – C. lepidus – C. lorenzoensis – C. lutosus – C. mictlantecuhtli – C. mitchellii – C. molossus – C. morulus – C. oreganus – C. ornatus – C. polisi – C. polystictus – C. pricei – C. pusillus – C. pyrrhus – C. ravus – C. ruber – C. scutulatus – C. simus – C. stejnegeri – C. stephensi – C. tancitarensis – C. thalassoporus – C. tigris – C. tlaloci – C. totonacus – C. transversus – C. triseriatus – C. tzabcan – C. unicolor – C. vegrandis – C. viridis – C. willardi

Name

Crotalus Linnaeus, 1758: 214 [conserved name]

• Type species: Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation by Fitzinger (1843: 29).
• Gender: masculine.
• Placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology by Opinion 92 (1926: 3) and Direction 56 (1956: 356).

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL Reference page. 
• Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium. Fasciculus primus. Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel: Wien. vi + 106 pp. BHL Reference page. 
• International Commisision on Zoological Nomenclature 1926. Opinion 92. Sixteen generic names of Piscers, Amphibia, and Reptilia placed in the Official List of Generic Names. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73(4): 3–4. BHL Reference page. 
• International Commisision on Zoological Nomenclature 1956. Direction 56. Completion and in certain cases correction of entries relating to the names of genera belonging to the classers Pisces, Amphibia and Reptilia made in the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology in the period up to the end of 1936. Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1D(17): 337–364. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

• McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré, T.A. 1999. Snake Species of the World. Vol. 1. Herpetologists’ League. 511 pp.
• Murphy, R.W., Fu, J.-Z., Lathrop, A., Feltham, J.V. & Kovac, V. 2002. Phylogeny of the rattlesnakes (Crotalus and Sistrurus) inferred from sequences of five mitochondrial DNA genes. pp. 69–92 In Schuett, G.W., Hoggren, M., Douglas, M.E. & Greene, H.W. (eds.). Biology of the Vipers. Eagle Mountain Press: Salt Lake City, Utah. ISBN 9780972015400 Reference page. 
• Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Comstock: Ithaca, NY.
• Savage, J.M.; Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 2005. On names for Neotropical rattlesnakes (Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalus). Herpetological Review 36: 369–371.
• Wüster, W.; Ferguson, J.E.; Quijada-Mascareñas, J.A.; Pook, C.E.; Salomão, M.G. & Thorpe, R.S. 2005. Tracing an invasion: landbridges, refugia and the phylogeography of the Neotropical rattlesnake (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalus durissus). Molecular Ecology 14: 1095–1108. PDF
• Campbell, J.A. & Flores-Villela, O. 2008. A new long-tailed rattlesnake (Viperidae) from Guerrero, Mexico. Herpetologica 64(2): 254–265. DOI: 10.1655/07-054.1 Reference page. 
• Hoser, R. 2009. A reclassification of the rattlesnakes; species formerly exclusively placed in the genera Crotalus and Sistrurus. Australasian Journal of Herpetology 6: 1–21. PDF
• Anderson, C.G. & Greenbaum, E. 2012. Phylogeography of northern populations of the black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus Baird and Girard, 1853), with the revalidation of C. ornatus Hallowell, 1854. Herpetological Monographs 36: 369–371.
• Wüster, W. & Bérnils, R.S. 2011. On the generic classification of the rattlesnakes, with special reference to the Neotropical Crotalus durissus complex (Squamata: Viperidae). Zoologia 28: 417–419. PDF
• Kaiser, H., Crowther, B.I., Kelly, C.M.R., Luiselli, L., O’Shea, M., Ota, H., Passos, P., Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best practices: in the 21st Century, taxonomic decisions in herpetology are acceptable only when supported by a body of evidence and published via peer-review. Herpetological Review 44(1): 8–23. Full article (PDF). Reference page. 
• Bryson, R.W., Linkem, C.W., Dorcas, M.E., Lathrop, A., Jones, J.M., Alvarado-Díaz, J., Grünwald, C.I. & Murphy, R.W. 2014. Multilocus species delimitation in the Crotalus triseriatus species group (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 3826(3): 475–496. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3826.3.3 Reference page. 
• Meik, J.M., Streicher, J.W., Lawing, A.M., Flores-Villela, O. & Fujita, M.K. 2015. Limitations of Climatic Data for Inferring Species Boundaries: Insights from Speckled Rattlesnakes. PLoS One 10(6): e0131435. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131435 Reference page. 
• Meik, J.M., Schaack, S., Flores-Villela, O. & Streicher, J.W. 2018. Integrative taxonomy at the nexus of population divergence and speciation in insular speckled rattlesnakes. Journal of Natural History 52(13–16): 989–1016. DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1429689 Reference page. 
• Carbajal-Márquez, R.A., Cedeño-Vázquez, J.R., Martínez-Arce, A., Neri-Castro, E. & Machkour-M’Rabet, S.C. 2020. Accessing cryptic diversity in Neotropical rattlesnakes (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalus) with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 4729(4): 451–481. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4729.4.1 Reference page. 

Links

• Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2020. Crotalus . The Reptile Database. Accessed on 10 July 2020.
• Crotalus – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).

Vernacular names

беларуская: Грымучнікі сапраўдныя
Deutsch: Klapperschlangen
English: Rattlesnakes
español: Serpientes de cascabel
Nederlands: Ratelslang
português: Cascavéis
ไทย: งูหางกระดิ่ง

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