Bothriochloa biloba

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Bothriochloa biloba
Bothriochloa biloba

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Poales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Andropogoneae
Subtribus: Anthistiriinae
Genus: Bothriochloa
Species: Bothriochloa biloba

Name[edit]

Bothriochloa biloba S.T.Blake, 1969

Synonyms[edit]

  • Basionym
    • Andropogon bladhii Retz., Observ. Bot. 2: 27 (1781).
  • Homotypic
    • Andropogon annulatus var. bladhii (Retz.) Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 572 (1889).
    • Dichanthium bladhii (Retz.) Clayton, Kew Bull. 32: 3 (1977).
  • Heterotypic
    • Andropogon intermedius R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 202 (1810).
    • Andropogon montanus Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 271 (1820).
    • Andropogon punctatus Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 268 (1820).
    • Anatherum montanum (Roxb.) Schult., Mant. 2: 445 (1824).
    • Andropogon haenkei J.Presl in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 340 (1830).
    • Andropogon caucasicus Trin., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 286 (1832).
    • Andropogon vachellii Nees ex Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy.: 243 (1838).
    • Andropogon vachellii var. perfectior Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy.: 243 (1838).
    • Rhaphis stricta Nees, Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2: 99 (1850).
    • Andropogon inundatus F.Muell., Linnaea 25: 44 (1852).
    • Sorghum caucasicum (Trin.) Griseb. in C.F.von Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 4: 476 (1853).
    • Andropogon leptanthus Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 391 (1854).
    • Andropogon perfossus Nees & Meyen ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 391 (1854), not validly publ.
    • Lepeocercis bladhii Nees ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 380 (1854), pro syn.
    • Andropogon intermedius var. caucasicus (Trin.) Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 486 (1889).
    • Andropogon intermedius var. genuinus Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 486 (1889), not validly publ.
    • Andropogon intermedius var. haenkei (J.Presl) Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 486 (1889).
    • Andropogon intermedius subvar. perfossus Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 487 (1889).
    • Andropogon intermedius var. punctatus (Roxb.) Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 487 (1889).
    • Andropogon odoratus Lisboa, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 118, 123 (1889).
    • Andropogon pertusus var. vegetior Hack. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 481 (1889).
    • Bothriochloa anamitica Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 762 (1891).
    • Sorghum intermedium (R.Br.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 792 (1891).
    • Sorghum montanum (Roxb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 792 (1891).
    • Chrysopogon strictus B.D.Jacks., Index Kew. 1: 95 (1893), pro syn.
    • Cymbopogon odoratus (J.R.Lisboa) G.Watt, Commerc. Prod. India: 460 (1908).
    • Amphilophis intermedia (R.Br.) Stapf, Agric. News (Barbados) 15: 179 (1916).
    • Andropogon intermedius var. acidula Stapf, Agric. News (Barbados) 15: 179 (1916).
    • Amphilophis insculpta var. vegetior (Hack.) Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 9: 177 (1917).
    • Amphilophis intermedia var. acidula (Stapf) Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 9: 174 (1917).
    • Amphilophis odorata (Lisboa) A.Camus, Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Colon. 1: 305 (1921).
    • Amphilophis glabra var. haenkei (J.Presl) E.G.Camus & A.Camus in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 7: 311 (1922).
    • Amphilophis haenkei (J.Presl) Haines, Bot. Bihar Orissa: 1029 (1924).
    • Bothriochloa intermedia (R.Br.) A.Camus, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 76: 164 (1930 publ. 1931).
    • Bothriochloa odorata (Lisboa) A.Camus, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 86: 165 (1930 publ. 1931).
    • Bothriochloa insculpta var. vegetior (Hack.) C.E.Hubb., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 104 (1934).
    • Bothriochloa intermedia var. acidula (Stapf) C.E.Hubb., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 109 (1934).
    • Bothriochloa inundata (F.Muell.) J.M.Black, Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. South Australia 60: 163 (1936).
    • Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C.E.Hubb., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939: 101 (1939).
    • Bothriochloa glabra subsp. haenkei (J.Presl) Henrard, Blumea 3: 456 (1940).
    • Bothriochloa glabra var. perfectior (Hook. & Arn.) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 167 (1941).
    • Bothriochloa haenkei (J.Presl) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 168 (1942).
    • Bothriochloa intermedia var. punctata (Roxb.) Keng, Clav. Gen. Sp. Gram. Prim. Sin.: 244 (1957).
    • Bothriochloa glabra var. epunctata Jacks., Ann. List Nyasaland Grass.: 30 (1958), nom. nud.
    • Dichanthium ischaemum subvar. intermedium (R.Br.) Roberty, Boissiera 9: 160 (1960).
    • Dichanthium intermedium (R.Br.) de Wet & Harlan, Amer. J. Bot. 53: 97 (1966), no basionym cited.
    • Bothriochloa bladhii var. punctata (Roxb.) R.R.Stewart, Kew Bull. 29: 440 (1974).
    • Dichanthium caucasicum (Trin.) S.K.Jain & Deshp., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 20: 133 (1978 publ. 1979).
    • Dichanthium odoratum (Lisboa) S.K.Jain & Deshp., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 20: 134 (1979).
    • Dichanthium glabrum var. punctatum (Roxb.) Deshp., Fasc. Fl. India 15: 14 (1984).
    • Bothriochloa punctata (Roxb.) L.Liu, Fl. Xizang. 5: 326 (1987).

Distribution[edit]

Native distribution areas:
  • Continental:Tropical & Subtropical Old World
      • Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Hainan, India, Iran, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nigeria, North Caucasus, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Rodrigues, Réunion, Senegal, South Australia, South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya, Western Australia, Xinjiang, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
    • Introduced into:
      • Argentina Northeast, Belize, Bolivia, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, Colorado, Cook Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Florida, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Illinois, Jamaica, Kansas, Kermadec Is., Leeward Is., Louisiana, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mexico Southeast, Missouri, Nauru, Nebraska, New Caledonia, New Mexico, Nicaragua, Oklahoma, Panamá, Romania, Samoa, Society Is., Suriname, Tennessee, Texas, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Is.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References[edit]

Primary references[edit]

Additional references[edit]

  • Chen Shouliang, Jin Yuexing, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Liu Liang, Wu Zhenlan, Lu Shenglian, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao, Wang Song, Sun Xiangzhong, Wang Huiqin, Yang Xilin, Wang Chaopin, Li Binggui & Wen Shaobin. 1990. Gramineae (Poaceae) (4). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(1):1401
  • Chen Shouliang, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Jin Yuexing, Liu Liang, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao & Wang Song. 1997. Gramineae (Poaceae) (5). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(2): 1301
  • Liu Liang, Zhu Taiping, Chen Wenli, Wu Zhenlan & Lu Shenglian. Gramineae (Poaceae) (2). In: Liu Liang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 1405
  • Lu Sheng-lian, Sun Yong-hua, Liu Shang-wu, Yang Yong-chang, Wu Zhen-lan, Kuo Pen-chao, Yang Hsi-ling, Wang Chao-pin & Tsui Nai-ran. 1987. Gramineae (3). In: Kuo Pen-chao, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 1329
  • Wang Zhengping, Ye Guanghan, Yang Yaling, Yu Zehua, Hu Chenhua, Geng Bojie, Feng Xuelin, Jia Liangzhi, Xia Nianhe, Li Dezhu, Zhang Weiping, Xue Jiru, Zhu Zhengde, Zhao Qiseng, Chen Shouliang, Sheng Guoying, Chen Shaoyun, Yao Changyu, Lu Jionglin, Sun Jiliang, Lin Wantao, Yi Tongpei, Zhao Huiru, Wen Taihui & Dai Qihui. 1996. Gramineae (Poaceae) (1).
  • Bothriochloa biloba - Taxonomy

Links[edit]

Vernacular names[edit]

English: Caucasian bluestem
Fulfulde: Cawkitiningel
қазақша: Саумалдық
中文: 臭根子草
Wikimedia Commons For more multimedia, look at Bothriochloa biloba on Wikimedia Commons.
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