Bitis

From Wikispecies
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Bitis arietans

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Viperoidea 

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Lepidosauromorpha
Superordo: Lepidosauria
Ordo: Squamata
Cladus: Unidentata, Episquamata
Cladus: Toxicofera
Subordo: Serpentes
Infraordo: Caenophidia
Superfamilia: Viperoidea

Familia: Viperidae
Subfamilia: Viperinae
Genus: Bitis
Species (18): B. albanica – B. arietans – B. armata – B. atropos – B. caudalis – B. cornuta – B. gabonica – B. harenna – B. heraldica – B. inornata – B. nasicornis – B. parviocula – B. peringueyi – B. rhinoceros – B. rubida – B. schneideri – B. worthingtoni – B. xeropaga

Name[edit]

Bitis Gray, 1842: 69 [conserved name]

  • Type species: Vipera (Echidna) arietans Merrem, 1820, by subsequent designation by Opinion 188 (1945: 87).
  • Placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology by Opinion 188 (1945: 87).

Synonymy[edit]

  • Cobra Laurenti, 1768: 103 [suppressed name]
    • Type species: Coluber atropos Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation of Stejneger (1936: 140).
    • Placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Specific Names in Zoology by Opinion 188 (1945: 87).
  • Echidna Merrem, 1820: 14 [nomen praeoccupatum pro Echidna Forster, 1788]
  • Clotho Gray, 1842: 69 [nomen praeoccupatum pro Clotho Walckenaer, 1808 and Clotho de Blainville, 1824]
    • Type species: Cobra clotho Laurenti, 1768, by absolute tautonymy.
  • Calechidna Tschudi, 1845: 60 [as subgenus of Echidna]
  • Hallowellius Reuss, 1939: 14
    • Type species: Echidna gabonica Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854, by original designation.
  • Macrocerastes Reuss, 1939: 14
  • Keniabitis Lenk, Herrmann, Joger & Wink, 1999: 36 [as subgenus]
    • Type species: Bitis worthingtoni Parker, 1932, by original designation.

References[edit]

Primary references[edit]

  • Laurenti, J.N. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austriacorum, quod authoritate et consensu (In Latin). Joan Thomae: Vienna. 217 pp. BHL Reference page
  • Merrem, B. 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Johann Christian Krieger: Marburg. xv + 191 pp., 1 pl. BHL Reference page
  • Gray, J.E. 1842. Monographic Synopsis of the Vipers or the family Viperidae. Zoological Miscellany 2: 68–71. BHL
  • International Commisision on Zoological Nomenclature 1945. Opinion 188. Suppression of the name Cobra Laurenti 1768 and suspension of the rules for Bitis Gray, 1842. pp. 77–92 In Hemming, F. (ed.). Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Volume 3, part 7. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature: London. 448 pp. BHL Reference page
  • Lenk, P., Herrmann, H.-W., Joger, U. & Wink, M. 1999. Phylogeny and taxonomic subdivision of Bitis (Reptilia: Viperidae) based on molecular evidence. Kaupia 8: 31–38. Reference page

Additional references[edit]

Links[edit]

Vernacular names[edit]

Deutsch: Puffottern
English: Adders
Wikimedia Commons For more multimedia, look at Bitis on Wikimedia Commons.