Setaria setosa

Setaria setosa

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Paniceae
Subtribus: Cenchrinae
Genus: Setaria
Species: Setaria setosa

Name

Setaria setosa (Sw.) P.Beauv.,Ess. Agrostogr.: 51 (1812)

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Chaetochloa setosa (Sw.) Scribn. in Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 39 (1897)
  • Chamaeraphis setosa (Sw.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 771 (1891)
  • Panicum setosum Sw. in Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 22 (1788)
  • Setaria italica var. setosa (Sw.) Mathieu in Fl. Gén. Belgique 1: 586 (1854)
• Heterotypic
  • Chaetochloa caudata (Lam.) Scribn. in Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 10: 52 (1899)
  • Chaetochloa rariflora (J.C.Mikan ex Spreng.) Hitchc. & Chase in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 349 (1917)
  • Chamaeraphis caudata Britton in Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 264 (1894)
  • Chamaeraphis setosa var. caudata (Lam.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 769 (1891)
  • Echinochloa setosum P.Beauv. in Ess. Agrostogr.: 53 (1812)
  • Panicum brachiatum Poir. in Encycl., Suppl. 4: 282 (1816)
  • Panicum caudatum Lam. in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 171 (1791)
  • Panicum cylindricum Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 76 (1821), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum dumetorum Rich. ex Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 49 (1853)
  • Panicum leiophyllum Nees in C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 249 (1829)
  • Panicum paractaenoides Trin. in Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 219 (1834)
  • Panicum rariflorum (J.C.Mikan ex Spreng.) Makino & Nemoto in Fl. Japan: 1475 (1925), nom. illeg.
  • Panicum restitutum Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 53 (1853)
  • Panicum setosum var. leiophyllum (Nees) Döll in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(2): 163 (1877)
  • Panicum setosum var. pubescens Döll in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(2): 162 (1877)
  • Panicum triquetrum Willd. ex Döll in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(1): 161 (1877), pro syn.
  • Setaria brachiata (Poir.) Kunth in Révis. Gramin. 1: 47 (1829)
  • Setaria caudata (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 2: 495 (1817)
  • Setaria cylindrica Schult. in Mant. 2: 277 (1824)
  • Setaria elongata Spreng. ex Schult. in Mant. 2: 280 (1824)
  • Setaria leiophylla (Nees) Kunth in Enum. Pl. 1: 154 (1833)
  • Setaria leucophylla D.Dietr. in Syn. Plant. 1: 293 (1839), nom. superfl.
  • Setaria paractaenoides (Trin.) Urb. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 98 (1917)
  • Setaria pyramidata Desv. in Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 182 (1831)
  • Setaria rariflora J.C.Mikan ex Spreng. in Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 2: 78 (1821)
  • Setaria setosa var. aestiva Hack. in Anales Ci. Parag., ser. 2, 2: 155 (1918), nom. nud.
  • Setaria setosa var. caudata (Lam.) Griseb. in Fl. Brit. W. I.: 555 (1864)
  • Setaria setosa var. leiophylla (Nees) Arechav. in Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 1: 171 (1894)
  • Setaria setosa var. paractaenoides (Trin.) Ekman in Ark. Bot. 22A(9): 12 (1929)
  • Setaria vaginata var. bonariensis Nicora in Colecç. Ci. Inst. Nac. Tecnol. Agropecu 4: 459 (1970)
  • Setaria vaginata var. tandilensis Nicora in Colecç. Ci. Inst. Nac. Tecnol. Agropecu 4: 460 (1970)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Paraguay, Uruguay Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is. Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Ecuador, Galápagos, Peru Regional: Brazil Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast Regional: Northern South America Colombia, French Guiana, Venezuela Introduced into: Alabama, Central American Pacific Is., Florida, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southwest, New Jersey References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. 1812. Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie; ou Nouveaux Genres des Graminées; Avec Figures Représentant les Caractéres de tous le Genres. lxxiv + 182+ 16 pp. + xxv pl., Imprimerie de Fain. BHL Reference page.  51, 171, 178.

Additional references

• Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. 2006. World Grass Species – Synonymy database. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available for download as an Access file from Synonymy database. Reference page. 
• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: I–XXV, 1–1192. DOI: 10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1 BHL Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Setaria setosa in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 October 19. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2025. Setaria setosa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 19 October 2025. Reference page.
• International Plant Names Index. 2025. Setaria setosa. Published online. Accessed: October 19 2025. Reference page.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Setaria setosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

• English: West Indian bristlegrass

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