Iris (Iridaceae)
Taxonavigation
[edit]Taxonavigation: Asparagales |
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Classification System: APG IV
Superregnum: Eukaryota |
Familia: Iridaceae
Subfamilia: Iridoideae
Tribus: Irideae
Genus: Iris
Subgenera: (13)
I. subg. Crossiris –
I. subg. Eremiris –
I. subg. Hermodactyloides –
I. subg. Iris –
I. subg. Limniris –
I. subg. Lophiris –
I. subg. Nepalensis –
I. subg. Pardanthopsis –
I. subg. Scorpiris –
I. subg. Siphonostylis –
I. subg. Spathula –
I. subg. Tenuifoliae –
I. subg. Xiphium
Overview of species
[edit]Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z |
a
[edit]I. acutiloba –
I. adriatica –
I. afghanica –
I. aitchisonii –
I. alberti –
I. albomarginata –
I. alexeenkoi –
I. almaatensis –
I. anguifuga –
I. antilibanotica –
I. aphylla –
I. arenaria –
I. assadiana –
I. atrofusca –
I. atropurpurea –
I. aucheri –
I. auranitica –
I. austrotschatkalica –
I. avromanica
b
[edit]I. baldshuanica –
I. barbatula –
I. barnumiae –
I. basaltica –
I. benacensis –
I. bicapitata –
I. bismarckiana –
I. bloudowii –
I. boissieri –
I. bostrensis –
I. bracteata –
I. brevicaulis –
I. bucharica –
I. bulleyana –
I. bungei
c
[edit]I. cabulica –
I. calabra –
I. camillae –
I. capnoides –
I. carterorum –
I. cathayensis –
I. caucasica –
I. cedreti –
I. celikii –
I. chrysographes –
I. chrysophylla –
I. clarkei –
I. colchica –
I. collettii –
I. confusa –
I. cristata –
I. crocea –
I. cuniculiformis –
I. curvifolia –
I. cycloglossa
d
[edit]I. dabashanensis –
I. damascena –
I. danfordiae –
I. darwasica –
I. decora –
I. delavayi –
I. dichotoma –
I. doabensis –
I. dolichosiphon –
I. domestica –
I. douglasiana –
I. drepanophylla
e
[edit]f
[edit]I. farashae –
I. farreri –
I. ferdowsii –
I. fernaldii –
I. filifolia –
I. florentina –
I. foetidissima –
I. formosana –
I. forrestii –
I. fosteriana –
I. fulva –
I. furcata –
I. furseorum
g
[edit]I. galatica –
I. gatesii –
I. giganticaerulea –
I. glaucescens –
I. goniocarpa –
I. gracilipes –
I. graeberiana –
I. graminea –
I. grant-duffii –
I. griffithii –
I. grossheimii
h
[edit]I. halophila –
I. hartwegii –
I. haussknechtii –
I. haynei –
I. hellenica –
I. henryi –
I. heracleana –
I. hermona –
I. heweri –
I. hexagona –
I. hippolyti –
I. histrio –
I. histrioides –
I. hoogiana –
I. hookeri –
I. hookeriana –
I. humilis –
I. hymenospatha
i
[edit]I. iberica –
I. imbricata –
I. inconspicua –
I. innominata –
I. ivanovae
j
[edit]I. japonica –
I. juncea –
I. junonia
k
[edit]I. kamelinii –
I. kashmiriana –
I. kemaonensis –
I. khassanovii –
I. kirkwoodiae –
I. kobayashii –
I. kolpakowskiana –
I. kopetdagensis –
I. koreana –
I. korolkowii –
I. koyuncui –
I. kurbanovii –
I. kurdica –
I. kuschakewiczii –
I. kuschkensis
l
[edit]I. lactea –
I. lacustris –
I. laevigata –
I. latifolia –
I. latistyla –
I. lazica –
I. leptophylla –
I. leptorrhiza –
I. lineata –
I. linifolia –
I. linifoliiformis –
I. loczyi –
I. lokiae –
I. longipetala –
I. longiscapa –
I. lortetii –
I. ludwigii –
I. lutescens –
I. lycotis
m
[edit]I. maackii –
I. macrosiphon –
I. maculata –
I. magnifica –
I. mandshurica –
I. maracandica –
I. mariae –
I. marivanica –
I. marsica –
I. masiae –
I. meda –
I. microglossa –
I. milesii –
I. minutoaurea –
I. missouriensis –
I. munzii –
I. mzchetica
n
[edit]I. nantouensis –
I. narbutii –
I. narcissiflora –
I. narynensis –
I. nectarifera –
I. neoensata –
I. neosetosa –
I. nezahatiae –
I. nicolai –
I. nigricans –
I. notha
o
[edit]I. odaesanensis –
I. odontostyla –
I. orchioides –
I. orientalis (Iridaceae) –
I. orjenii –
I. oxypetala
p
[edit]I. palaestina –
I. pallida –
I. pamphylica –
I. paradoxa –
I. parapamisensis –
I. perrieri –
I. persica –
I. peshmeniana –
I. petrana –
I. petri –
I. planifolia –
I. platyptera –
I. polakii –
I. pontica –
I. popovii –
I. porphyrochrysa –
I. postii –
I. potaninii –
I. prismatica –
I. proantha –
I. probstii –
I. psammocola –
I. pseudacorus –
I. pseudocapnoides –
I. pseudocaucasica –
I. pseudonotha –
I. pseudopumila –
I. pskemensis –
I. pumila –
I. purdyi –
I. purpureobractea
q
[edit]r
[edit]I. ramsayi –
I. regis-uzziae –
I. reichenbachiana –
I. reichenbachii –
I. relicta –
I. reticulata –
I. revoluta –
I. rodionenkoi –
I. rosenbachiana –
I. rossii –
I. rudolphii –
I. ruthenica –
I. rutherfordii
s
[edit]I. sabina –
I. sanguinea –
I. sari –
I. savannarum –
I. scariosa –
I. schachtii –
I. schelkownikowii –
I. schmakovii –
I. serotina –
I. setina –
I. setosa –
I. sibirica –
I. sintenisii –
I. sisianica –
I. songarica –
I. sophenensis –
I. speculatrix –
I. sprengeri –
I. spuria –
I. staintonii –
I. statellae –
I. stenophylla –
I. stocksii –
I. stolonifera –
I. straussii –
I. suaveolens –
I. subdecolorata –
I. subdichotoma –
I. susiana –
I. svetlanae –
I. swensoniana
t
[edit]I. tadshikorum –
I. taochia –
I. tarhunensis –
I. tauri –
I. tectorum –
I. tenax –
I. tenuifolia –
I. tenuis –
I. tenuissima –
I. tibetica –
I. tigridia –
I. timofejewii –
I. tingitana –
I. tridentata –
I. tschandalasica –
I. tubergeniana –
I. tuberosa –
I. typhifolia
u
[edit]I. unguicularis –
I. uniflora –
I. urmiensis
v
[edit]I. variegata –
I. vartanii –
I. ventricosa –
I. verna –
I. versicolor –
I. vicaria –
I. victoris –
I. virginica –
I. vorobievii –
I. vvedenskyi
w
[edit]I. wallisiae –
I. warleyensis –
I. wattii –
I. wendelboi –
I. westii –
I. willmottiana –
I. wilsonii –
I. winkleri –
I. winogradowii
x
[edit]I. xanthochlora –
I. xanthospuria –
I. xiphium
y
[edit]z
[edit]I. zagrica –
I. zaprjagajevii –
I. zenaidae –
I. zhaoana
Nothospecies
[edit]I. × binata –
I. × brzhezitzky –
I. × caeciliae –
I. × flexicaulis –
I. × fulvala –
I. × germanica –
I. × ketzkhovelii –
I. × kobasensis –
I. × koenigii –
I. × nelsonii –
I. × neumayeri –
I. × robusta –
I. × sancti-cyri –
I. × setosothungbergii –
I. × sinistra –
I. × thompsonii –
I. × vinicolor –
I. × violipurpurea
Unplaced taxa
[edit]I. × cacique –
I. × hollandica –
I. × lundstroemii –
I. × sikkimensis –
I. × vanhouttei –
I. keredjensis –
I. parvula
Names in synonymy
[edit](List may be incomplete)
I. attica –
I. aurea –
I. babadagica –
I. bakeriana –
I. biggeri –
I. carthaliniae –
I. cengialti –
I. coerulea –
I. dykesii –
I. elisabethae –
I. fedtschenkoi –
I. glockiana –
I. haussknechtii –
I. hyrcana –
I. illyrica –
I. jordana –
I. lilacina –
I. longepedicellata –
I. lupina –
I. lusitanica –
I. medwedewii –
I. melanosticta –
I. mellita –
I. monnieri –
I. nelsonii –
I. prilipkoana –
I. pseudopallida –
I. samariae –
I. sikkimensis –
I. sofarana –
I. sogdiana –
I. subbiflora –
I. urumovii
Source(s) of checklist: |
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List based on
|
Name
[edit]Iris Tourn. ex L., Sp. Pl. 1: 38 (1753).
- Type species: Iris germanica L.
Synonyms
[edit]- Heterotypic
- Hermodactylus Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754).
- Xiphion Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754).
- Belamcanda Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 60 (1763).
- Type species: Belamkanda chinensis (L.) DC., typ. cons.
- Beverna Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 20 (1763).
- Chamoletta Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 60 (1763).
- Gemmingia Heist. ex Fabr., Enum., ed. 2: 27 (1763).
- Iriastrum Heist. ex Fabr., Enum., ed. 2: 34 (1763).
- Xuris Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 546 (1763).
- Biris Medik., Staatswirthschaftl. Vorles. Churpfälz. Phys.-Ökon. Ges. Heidelberg 1: 257 (1781).
- Chamaeiris Medik., Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 417 (1790).
- Type species: Chamaeiris graminea (L.) Medik.
- Gattenhofia Medik., Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 418 (1790).
- Pseudo-iris Medik., Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 417 (1790).
- Xyphion Medik., Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 418 (1790).
- Xeris Medik., Vorles. Churpfälz. Phys.-Ökon. Ges. 1: 256 (1791).
- Pardanthus Ker Gawl., Ann. Bot. (König & Sims) 1: 246 (1804).
- Type species: Pardanthus chinensis (L.) Ker Gawl.
- Evansia Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 303 (1812).
- Type species: Evansia chinensis (Curtis) Salisb.
- Thelysia Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 303 (1812).
- Juno Tratt., Auswahl Gartenpflanzen 1: 135 (1821).
- Belemcanda (Pers.) Nois., Man. Compl. Jard. 3: 238 (1826).
- Limniris (Tausch) Rchb., Deut. Bot. Herb.-Buch: 43 (1841).
- Oncocyclus Siemssen, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 706 (1846).
- Limnirion Opiz, Seznam: 59 (1852).
- Costia Willk., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 18: 131 (1860).
- Coresantha Alef., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 298 (1863).
- Neubeckia Alef., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 290 (1863).
- Spathula Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 163 (1869).
- Xyridion (Tausch) Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 163 (1869).
- Type species: Xyridion gramineum (L.) Klatt
- Joniris (Spach) Klatt, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 30: 502 (1872).
- Type species: Joniris ruthenica (Kar Gawl.) Klatt
- Ioniris Baker, Gard. Chron., n.s., 6: 143 (1876).
- Cryptobasis Nevski, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 331 (1937).
- Sclerosiphon Nevski, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 331 (1937).
- Iridodictyum Rodion., Rod Iris-Iris: 201 (1961).
- Siphonostylis Wern.Schulze, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 331 (1965).
- Type species: Siphonostylis unguicularis (Poir.) Wern.Schulze
- Junopsis Wern.Schulze, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 117: 327 (1970).
- Type species: Junopsis decora (Wall.) Wern.Schulze
- × Pardancanda L.W.Lenz, Aliso 7: 407 (1972).
- Pardanthopsis (Hance) L.W.Lenz, Aliso 7: 403 (1972).
- Type species: Pardanthopsis dichotoma (Pallas) L.W.Lenz
- Alatavia Rodion., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 84(7): 103 (1999).
- Ophioiris (Y.T.Zhao) Rodion., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 89: 1359 (2004).
- Type species: Ophioiris anguifuga (Y.T.Zhao & X.J.Xue) Rodion.
- Eremiris (Spach) Rodion., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 91: 1707 (2006).
- Dielsiris M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 64 (2015).
- Lophiris (Tausch) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 66 (2015).
- Phaeiris (Spach) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 58 (2015).
- Rodionenkoa M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 65 (2015).
- Syrianthus M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 62 (2015).
- Tectiris M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 55 (2015).
- Zhaoanthus M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, Phytotaxa 232: 59 (2015).
Note: See Discussion Page for an alternative circumscription.
Distribution
[edit]Native distribution areas: |
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References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition |
References
[edit]Primary references
[edit]- Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 38. Reference page.
Additional references
[edit]- Crespo, M.B., Martínez-Azorín, M. & Mavrodiev, E.V. 2015. Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘Iris sensu latissimo’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data. Phytotaxa 232(1): 1–78. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.232.1.1 Reference page.
- Lazkov, G.A., Sennikov, A.N., Koichubekova, G. & Naumenko, A.N. 2014. Taxonomic corrections and new records in vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan, 3. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 90: 91–110. PDF Reference page.
- Mavrodiev, E.V., Martínez-Azorín, M., Dranishnikov, P. & Crespo, M.B. 2014. At least 23 genera instead of one: The case of Iris L. sl (Iridaceae). PloS one 9(8), p.e106459. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106459 Reference page.
- Wilson, C.A. 2006. Patterns in Evolution in Characters That Define Iris Subgenera and Sections. Aliso 22(1): 425–433. DOI: 10.5642/aliso.20062201.34 PDF Reference page.
- Wilson, C.A. 2011. Subgeneric classification in Iris re-examined using chloroplast sequence data. Taxon 60(1): 27–35. DOI: 10.1002/tax.601004 JSTOR Reference page.
- Sennikov, A., Khassanov, F., Ortikov, E., Kurbonaliyeva, M. & Tojibaev, K.SH. 2023. The genus Iris L. s. l. (Iridaceae) in the Mountains of Central Asia biodiversity hotspot. Plant Diversity Central Asia 2(1): 1–104. DOI: 10.54981/PDCA/vol2_iss1/a1, .
Links
[edit]- Govaerts, R. et al. 2017. Iris in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2017 Sept. 5. Reference page.
- International Plant Names Index. 2012. Iris. Published online. Accessed: 9 Sept. 2012.
- Tropicos.org 2012. Iris. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 9 Sept. 2012.
- USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Iris (Iridaceae) in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 24 March 2006.
Vernacular names
[edit]azərbaycanca: Süsən
žemaitėška: Ėrėsos
беларуская: Касач
български: Ирис
བོད་ཡིག: ཕྱེ་ལེབ་མེ་ཏོག
čeština: kosatec
dansk: Iris-slægten
Deutsch: Schwertlilien
Ελληνικά: Ίρις
español: Lirio
eesti: Võhumõõk
euskara: Lirio
فارسی: زنبق
suomi: Kurjenmiekat
galego: Lirio
עברית: אירוס
hrvatski: Perunika
hornjoserbsce: Škleńčica
magyar: Nőszirom, írisz
հայերեն: Հիրիկ
Ido: Irido
日本語: アヤメ属
ქართული: ზამბახი
қазақша: Құртқашаш
한국어: 붓꽃속
kurdî: Pizîlaq
кыргызча: Чекилдек
lietuvių: Vilkdalgis
latviešu: īrisi
македонски: Перуника
Nederlands: Lis
ирон: Хъæздидинæг
polski: Kosaciec
Runa Simi: Hamachi
română: Stânjenel
русский: Ирис
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Perunika
slovenčina: kosatec
slovenščina: Perunika
српски / srpski: Перунике
svenska: Irissläktet
தமிழ்: ஐரிஸ்
тоҷикӣ: Савсан
українська: Півники
Tiếng Việt: Chi Diên vĩ
中文: 鸢尾属