Euphorbia candelabrum

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Malpighiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Malpighiales

Euphorbia candelabrum Welw., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 2: 329 (1855); as Candelabra

Note: authors such as Hiern (1900: 946) and Carter (1985) did not admit validity of publication of this name in 1855 and it was placed under Euphorbia conspicua by Govaerts, Frodin & Radcliffe-Smith (2000). This treatment was refuted by Bruyns & Berry (2019).
Typus: F. Welwitsch 641 (neotypus: LISU223726, designated by Leach 1992: 92; isoneotypi: BM000911284^(JSTOR), COI00096924, G, K000253152^(JSTOR)).
Type locality: Angola. Near Loanda[Luanda].

Heterotypic
- Euphorbia conspicua N.E.Br., Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1.4): 600 (1912), nom. superfl.
  - Typus: F. Welwitsch 641 (holotypus: BM; isotypi: COI, G, K, LISU).

Euphorbia hermentiana auct. non Lem., Ill. Hort. 5: Misc. 63 (1858) [= Euphorbia trigona Mill.]: Pax, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 72, 375 (1904), pro parte quoad specim. Welwitsch 641
- Note: see Leach (1992: 92).

Native distribution areas:
Continental: Africa Regional: South Tropical Africa Angola References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

Euphorbia candelabrum Trémaux ex Kotschy, Mitth. K. K. Geogr. Ges. Wien 1(2): 169 (1857), nom. illeg. = Euphorbia murielii N.E.Br.
- Note: this name has been misapplied to East and North-East African populations of Euphorbia ingens E.Mey. ex Boiss. since at least early 1980s chiefly by S. Carter; see Bruyns & Berry (2019).

Kotschy, C.G.T. 1857. Allgemeiner Ueberblick der Nilländer und ihrer Pflanzenbekleidung. Mittheilungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien 1(2): 156–182. BHL. Reference page.
Hiern, W.P. 1900. Catalogue of the African Plants collected by Dr. F. Welwitsch in 1853-61. [Vol. I.] Dicotyledons, Part IV. Pp 785–1035. London. BHL Reference page.
Thiselton-Dyer, W.T. 1909-1913. Flora of Tropical Africa. Vol. 6 sec.1. Nyctagineae to Euphorbiaceae. 1094 pp. London. BHL Reference page.
Carter, S. 1985. Euphorbia candelabrum, a question of validity (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 34(4): 699–701. DOI: 10.2307/1222222 JSTOR Reference page.
Leach, L.C. 1992. Euphorbia candelabrum auctt. Collectanea Botanica 21: 91–95. DOI: 10.3989/collectbot.1992.v21.96 Reference page.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. 2000. World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (with Pandaceae) 1–4: 1–1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Reference page.
Bruyns, P.V. & Berry, P.E. 2019. The nomenclature and application of the names Euphorbia candelabrum Welw. and Euphorbia ingens in tropical Africa. Taxon 68(4): 828–838. DOI: 10.1002/tax.12091 hdl: 2027.42/152821 Reference page.

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Euphorbia candelabrum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 February 12. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Euphorbia candelabrum. Published online. Accessed: 12 February 2022. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Euphorbia candelabrum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 12 February 2022. Reference page.