Setaria italica

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Setaria italica
Setaria italica

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Poales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Paniceae
Subtribus: Cenchrinae
Genus: Setaria
Species: Setaria italica

Name

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Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv. Ess. Agrostogr. 51, 170, 178. (1812)

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
    • Chaetochloa italica (L.) Scribn., Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 4: 39 (1897)
    • Chamaeraphis italica (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 771 (1891)
    • Ixophorus italicus (L.) Nash, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 428 (1895)
    • Panicum elongatum Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 18 (1796), nom. superfl.
    • Panicum glomeratum Moench, Methodus: 207 (1794), nom. superfl.
    • Panicum italicum L., Sp. Pl.: 56 (1753)
    • Panicum viride var. italicum (L.) Backer, Handb. Fl. Java 2: 142 (1928)
    • Panicum viride subsp. italicum (L.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 77 (1899)
    • Penicillaria italica (L.) Oken, Allg. Naturgesch. 3(1): 406 (1841)
    • Pennisetum italicum (L.) R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 195 (1810)
    • Setaria viridis subsp. italica (L.) Briq., Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 68 (1910)
    • Setariopsis italica (L.) Samp., Anais Fac. Ci. Univ. Porto 19: 69 (1934)
  • Heterotypic
    • Alopecurus caudatus Thunb., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 2, 3: 208 (1780)
    • Chaetochloa germanica (Mill.) Smyth, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 25: 89 (1913)
    • Chaetochloa italica var. germanica (Mill.) Scribn., Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 6: 32 (1897)
    • Chamaeraphis italica var. elobulata Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 768 (1891)
    • Chamaeraphis italica var. germanica (Mill.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 768 (1891)
    • Chamaeraphis italica var. macrochaeta (J.Jacq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 768 (1891)
    • Echinochloa erythrosperma Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 477 (1817)
    • Echinochloa intermedia Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 477 (1817)
    • Oplismenus helvolus (L.f.) P.Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr.: 54 (1812)
    • Oplismenus intermedius (Vahl ex Hornem.) Kunth, Révis. Gramin. 1: 45 (1829)
    • Panicum aegyptiacum Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 493 (1817), pro syn.
    • Panicum asiaticum Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 598 (1827), pro syn.
    • Panicum chinense Trin., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 225 (1834)
    • Panicum compactum Kit. ex Schult., Oestr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 212 (1817), pro syn.
    • Panicum erythrospermum Vahl ex Hornem., Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1: 82 (1813)
    • Panicum germanicum Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1: 336 (1797), nom. illeg.
    • Panicum germanicum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.° 1 (1768)
    • Panicum globulare (J.Presl) Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 257 (1841)
    • Panicum helvolum L.f., Suppl. Pl.: 107 (1782)
    • Panicum intermedium Vahl ex Hornem., Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1: 82 (1813)
    • Panicum italicum var. brevisetum Döll, Rhein. Fl.: 128 (1843)
    • Panicum italicum var. californicum (Kellogg) Körn., F.A.Körnicke & H.Werner, Handb. Getreidebaus 1: 272 (1885)
    • Panicum italicum var. compactum (Kit.) Eichler, Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1882: 5 (1882), not validly publ.
    • Panicum italicum var. erythrospermum (Vahl ex Hornem.) Eichler, Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1882: 5 (1882)
    • Panicum italicum var. germanicum Loisel., Fl. Gall.: 39 (1806)
    • Panicum italicum var. germanicum (Mill.) Koeler, Descr. Gramin.: 17 (1802)
    • Panicum italicum var. inerme Döll, C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(2): 165 (1877)
    • Panicum italicum var. longisetum Döll, Rhein. Fl.: 128 (1843)
    • Panicum italicum var. mitis Alef., Landw. Fl.: 316 (1866)
    • Panicum italicum convar. moharia Alef., Landw. Fl.: 315 (1866)
    • Panicum italicum var. nigrum Körn., F.A.Körnicke & H.Werner, Handb. Getreidebaus 1: 274 (1885)
    • Panicum italicum var. pabularis Alef., Landw. Fl.: 315 (1866)
    • Panicum italicum var. praecox Alef., Landw. Fl.: 315 (1866)
    • Panicum italicum var. violaceum Alef., Landw. Fl.: 316 (1866)
    • Panicum itieri (Delile) Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 51 (1853)
    • Panicum macrochaetum (J.Jacq.) Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 76 (1821)
    • Panicum maritimum Lam., Encycl. 4: 727 (1798)
    • Panicum melfrugum Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 599 (1827), nom. nud.
    • Panicum miliaceum Blanco, Fl. Filip.: 39 (1837), nom. illeg.
    • Panicum moharicum (Alef.) E.H.L.Krause, Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 29(2): 142 (1912)
    • Panicum panis (Jess.) Jess., Deutschl. Gräser: 240 (1867)
    • Panicum pumilum Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 76 (1821), nom. illeg.
    • Panicum serotinum Trin., Gram. Panic.: 166 (1826), pro syn.
    • Panicum setaceum Trin., Gram. Panic.: 166 (1826), pro syn.
    • Panicum setosum Trin., Gram. Panic.: 166 (1826), pro syn.
    • Panicum sibiricum Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 493 (1817), pro syn.
    • Panicum verticillatum var. majus Thunb., Fl. Jap.: 46 (1784)
    • Panicum vulgare Wallr., Linnaea 14: 542 (1841), nom. superfl.
    • Paspalum germanicum (Mill.) Baumg., Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 277 (1816)
    • Pennisetum germanicum (Mill.) Baumg., Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 277 (1816)
    • Pennisetum helvolum (L.f.) R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 195 (1810)
    • Pennisetum macrochaetum J.Jacq., Ecl. Gram. Rar.: t. 25 (1814)
    • Setaria asiatica Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 29 (1830), pro syn.
    • Setaria californica Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1(ed. 2): 26 (1873)
    • Setaria compacta Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 967 (1866), nom. nud.
    • Setaria erythrosperma Hornem. ex Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 29 (1830), pro syn.
    • Setaria erythrosperma (Vahl ex Hornem.) Spreng., Syst. Veg., 1: 304 (1824)
    • Setaria flavida Hornem. ex Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 29 (1830), pro syn.
    • Setaria germanica (Mill.) P.Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr.: 51 (1812)
    • Setaria globularis J.Presl, C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 314 (1830)
    • Setaria helvola (L.f.) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 491 (1817)
    • Setaria italica var. barbata Gammie, Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser., ser. 4, 1: 5 (1911)
    • Setaria italica subsp. colchica Maisaya & Gorgidze, Sakharthw. S.S.R. Mec'niereb. Akad. Moambe 119: 589 (1985), no type indicated.
    • Setaria italica var. compacta Beck, Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 46 (1890)
    • Setaria italica subvar. densior F.T.Hubb., Amer. J. Bot. 2: 192 (1915)
    • Setaria italica subvar. germanica (Mill.) F.T.Hubb., Amer. J. Bot. 2: 189 (1915)
    • Setaria italica subsp. germanica (Mill.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 28 (1890)
    • Setaria italica subsp. macrochaeta (Link) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2(2): 327 (1890)
    • Setaria italica subsp. maxima Dekapr. & Kaspar., Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19: 568 (1928)
    • Setaria italica subsp. moharia (Alef.) H.Scholz, Willdenowia 36: 663 (2006)
    • Setaria italica subsp. nigrofructa F.T.Hubb., Amer. J. Bot. 2: 185 (1915)
    • Setaria italica var. nuda N.H.F.Desp., Fl. Sarthe: 306 (1838)
    • Setaria italica var. purpurea Gammie, Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Bot. Ser., ser. 4, 1: 5 (1911)
    • Setaria italica subsp. rubrofructa F.T.Hubb., Amer. J. Bot. 2: 193 (1915)
    • Setaria italica subsp. stramineofructa F.T.Hubb., Amer. J. Bot. 2: 188 (1915)
    • Setaria itieri Delile, Index Seminum (MPU, Monspeliensis) 1849: 7 (1849)
    • Setaria japonica Pynaert, J. Gén. Hort. 14: 7 (1861)
    • Setaria macrochaeta (J.Jacq.) Schult., Mant. 2: 274 (1824)
    • Setaria maritima (Lam.) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 492 (1817)
    • Setaria melinis Link ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 574 (1841)
    • Setaria moharia (Alef.) Menabde & Erizin, Trudy Tbilissk. Bot. Inst. 12: 166 (1948)
    • Setaria multiseta Dumort., Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 138 (1824)
    • Setaria pachystachya Borbás, Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.: 315 (1900), nom. illeg.
    • Setaria panis Jess., Deutschl. Gräser: 248 (1863)
    • Setaria persica Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 29 (1830), pro syn.
    • Setaria violacea Hornem. ex Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 29 (1830), pro syn.
    • Setaria viridis var. multiseta (Dumort.) T.Durand, De Wild. & T.Durand, Prodr. Fl. Belg. 3: 80 (1906)

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: China
      • China North-Central, China Southeast
    • Introduced into:
      • Afghanistan, Alabama, Alberta, Algeria, Amur, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Borneo, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Cambodia, Cape Provinces, Cayman Is., Central European Rus, China South-Central, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, District of Columbia, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hainan, Hawaii, Hungary, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, New Brunswick, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Pennsylvania, Philippines, Poland, Primorye, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Additional references

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  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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Vernacular names

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беларуская: Магар
বাংলা: কাউন
Deutsch: Kolbenhirse
English: Foxtail Millet
suomi: Tähkähirssi
français: Millet des oiseaux
हिन्दी: कँगनी
Bahasa Indonesia: Juwawut
italiano: Panico
日本語: アワ
한국어: 조
मराठी: राळे
नेपाली: कागुनी
Nederlands: Trosgierst
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਫੌਕਸਟੇਲ ਬਾਜਰੇ
polski: Włośnica ber
português: Painço
русский: Могар
संस्कृतम्: प्रियङ्गुः
தமிழ்: தினை
తెలుగు: కొఱ్ఱలు
吴语: 小米
中文: 小米
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