Caroxylon nitrarium

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Amaranthaceae s.l.
Cladus: Chenopodiaceae s.str.
Subfamilia: Salsoloideae
Tribus: Caroxyleae
Genus: Caroxylon
Species: Caroxylon nitrarium

Name

Caroxylon nitrarium (Pall.) Akhani & Roalson, Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007).

Synonyms

• Basionym
  • Salsola nitraria Pall., Illustr. 23, tab. 15 (1803).
    • Type: (Russia) "in colle ruderato nitroso Scharenoi Bugor, paulo supra Astrachaniam ad ipsam Volgam sito", P.S. Pallas, Holotype: ? (probably lost). Isotype?: BM BM000950612.
• Homotypic
  • Nitrosalsola nitraria (Pall.) Tzvelev, Ukrayins'k. Bot. Zhurn. 50(1): 80 (1993).
• Heterotypic (Govaerts 2025)
  • Halogeton jaubertianus Balansa ex Boiss., Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 954 (1879). nom. inval. in syn.
  • Salsola macera Litv., Sched. Herb. Fl. Ross. 49, no. 2438 (1913).
  • Salsola nitrosa Gueldenst. ex Ledeb., Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.) 3(2,11): 809 (1851). nom. inval. in syn.
  • Salsola pseudonitraria Aellen & Rech. f., Anz. Math.-Nat. Kl. Österr. Akad. Wiss. 98: 26. (1961)
    • Type: Iraq. Distr. Basra: Desertum meridionale (Southern Desert), Naziriva, 10 km SE Ur in fossa secus viam. 06-11-1956, K.H. Rechinger #8178. Holotype?: B_10_0272144; Isotypes: BM000950600, E00296916, G00439717, K000899561, LD1638282, W19690000812
  • Salsola spissa M.Bieb., Mém Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 1: 140 (1806).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Eastern Europe E-European Russia (Astrachan) Asia-Temperate Middle Asia W-Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan Caucasus Northern Caucasus, Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, Nachichevan), Armenia, Gruziya Western Asia Afghanistan, Iran, S-Iraq, Turkey China Xinjiang Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Pakistan (Baluchistan) References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Akhani, H., Edwards, G. & Roalson, E.H. 2007. Diversification of the Old World Salsoleae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Sets and a Revised Classification. International Journal of Plant Sciences 168(6): 931–956. DOI: 10.1086/518263 ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Bieberstein, F.A.M.v. 1806. Sur les genres Salsola, Anabasis et Polycnemum. Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 1: 132–154. BHL Reference page. 
• Boissier, P.E. 1879. Flora Orientalis sive enumeratio plantarum in Oriente a Graecia et Aegypto and Indiae fines hucusque observatarum Volumen quartum. Corolliflorae et Monochlamydeae. Fasciculus secundus. Pp. 281–1276. Genevae et Basileae: H. Georg. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 
• Ledebour, C.F. 1849–1851. Flora Rossica; (sive, Enumeratio plantarum in totius Imperii Rossici provinciis Europaeis, Asiaticis et Americanis hucusque observatarum). Vol. 3. Pars 2. pp. [1–8], 493–866. Stuttgartiae [Stuttgart], E. Schweizerbart. BHL Reference page. 
• Pallas, P.S. 1803. Illustrationes Plantarum Imperfecte Vel Nondum Cognitarum. Lipsiae: Martini. ULB Halle (incomplete), Gallica Reference page. 
• Rechinger, K.H. 1961. Notizen zur Orient-Flora, 5.–10. Anzeiger der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 98: 22–28. Reference page. 
• Tzvelev, N.N. 1993. Zametki o marevykh (Chenopodiaceae) vostochnoy Evropy = Заметки о маревых Восточной Европы. (Notes on Chenopodiaceae of eastern Europe.) Ukrayins'kyi Botanicnyi Zhurnal 50(1): 78–85. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Theodorova (Feodorova), T.A. 2015. New nomenclatural combinations in Nitrosalsola (Chenopodiaceae). Ukrayins'kyi Botanicnyi Zhurnal 72(5): 442–445. DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj72.05.442 PDF Reference page. 
• Freitag, H. 1997. Salsola nitraria. Pp. 196-199 in Hedge, I.C., Akhani, H., Freitag, H., Kothe-Heinrich, G., Podlech, D., Rilke, S. & Uotila, P. , Chenopodiaceae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (ed.): Flora Iranica Vol. 172. 371 pp., 212 tab., Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz. Reference page. 
• Freitag, H., Hedge, I.C, Jafri, S.M.H, Kothe-Heinrich, G., Omer, S. & Uotila, P. 2001. Chenopodiaceae. In: Ali, S.I. (ed.): Flora of Pakistan 204. 217 pp., Department of Botany/Missouri Botanical Press, Karachi/St. Louis, ISBN 1-930723-10-5 eFloras. Reference page. : Salsola nitraria.
• Zhu, G., Mosyakin, S.L. & Clemants, S.E. 2004. Salsola nitraria in Flora of China 5: 404.

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Caroxylon nitrarium in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 May 30. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2025. Caroxylon nitrarium. Published online. Accessed: 30. May 2025. Reference page.