Plumbago

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Plumbaginaceae
Tribus: Plumbagineae
Genus: Plumbago
Species: P. africana – P. amplexicaulis – P. aphylla – P. arabica – P. auriculata – P. caerulea – P. ciliata – P. dawei – P. europaea – P. glandulicaulis – P. hunsbergensis – P. indica – P. ituriensis – P. madagascariensis – P. montis-elgonis – P. pearsonii – P. pendula – P. pulchella – P. socotrana – P. stenophylla – P. tristis – P. wissii – P. zeylanica

Source(s) of checklist:
Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Plumbago in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 August 26. Reference page.

Name

Plumbago Tourn. ex L., Sp. Pl. 1: 151 (1753).

Type species: Plumbago europaea L., Sp. Pl. 1: 151 (1753).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
- Thela Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 119 (1790).
- Vogelia Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: t. 149 (1792), nom. illeg.
- Findlaya Bowdich in T.E.Bowdich, Exc. Madeira: 258 (1825).
- Molubda Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 123 (1838).
- Plumbagidium Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 10: 338 (1841).
- Dyerophytum Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 394 (1891).

Note:

Not traced: Plumbago cocanex Hort. ex Gentil, Pl. Cult. Serres Jard. Bot. Brux. 157 (1907), nomen.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Czechia-Slovakia, Germany (introduced).
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares (introduced), Corse, France, Portugal (introduced), Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Northwest Balkan Peninsula.
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira (introduced).
- Regional: West Tropical Africa
  - Benin, Burkina, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo.
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, DR Congo.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Botswana, Cape Provinces, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Eswatini, Northern Provinces.
- Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean
  - Ascension (introduced).
- Regional: Western Indian Ocean
  - Aldabra, Comoros, Mauritius (introduced), Mozambique Channel Islands, Madagascar, Réunion, Rodrigues (introduced).
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Siberia
  - Altay, Buryatiya, Irkutsk.
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Türkiye.
- Regional: Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen.
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang.
- Regional: Mongolia
  - Mongolia.
- Regional: Eastern Asia
  - Taiwan.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Laccadive Islands (introduced), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam.
- Regional: Malesia
  - Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Island.
- Regional: Papuasia
  - New Guinea.
Continental: Australasia
- Regional: Australia
  - Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia.
Continental: Pacific
- Regional: Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu (introduced).
- Regional: South-Central Pacific
  - Cook Islands (introduced), Marquesas, Society Islands, Tubuai Islands.
- Regional: Northwestern Pacific
  - Marianas.
- Regional: North-Central Pacific
  - Hawaii.
Continental: Northern America
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - Texas.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida.
- Regional: Mexico
  - Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southwest.
Continental: Southern America
- Regional: Central America
  - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua.
- Regional: Caribbean
  - Aruba, Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Turks-Caicos Islands, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Islands.
- Regional: Northern South America
  - French Guiana, Guyana (doubtfully present), Suriname, Venezuela.
- Regional: Western South America
  - Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Galápagos, Peru.
- Regional: Brazil
  - Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Brazil North, Brazil South.
- Regional: Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Paraguay.