Lepidoptera

Iphiclides podalirius

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Mandibulata
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Cladus: Allotriocarida
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Holometabola
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordines (5): Aglossata – †Eolepidopterigina – Glossata – Heterobathmiina – Zeugloptera

Subordo incertae sedis: †Archaeolepidae – †Mesokristenseniidae

Familia incertae sedis: †Karataunia

Name

Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758: 458; 1764: 183.

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1764. Museum S:ae R:ae M:tis Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae Svecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque &c. &c. &c. In quo Animalia Rariora Imprimis & Exotica: Insecta & Conchilia describuntur & determinantur. [viii], 1–720 + [2] pp. Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

• Bland, K.P. 2010. Name-bearing types of Lepidoptera (Insecta), excluding Rhopalocera, in the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. Zootaxa 2394: 1–22. Preview (PDF).
• Dugdale, J.S. 1974. Female genital configuration in the classification of Lepidoptera. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 1(2): 127–146. DOI: 10.1080/03014223.1974.9517821 Reference page. 
• Ferris, C.D., Kruse, J.J., Lafontaine, J.D., Philip, K.W., Schmidt, B.C. & Sikes, D.S. 2012. A checklist of the moths of Alaska. Zootaxa 3571: 1–25. Նախադիտում PDF Reference page. 
• Irungbam, J.S., Meitei, L., Huidrom, H., Soibam, B.S., Ngangom, A., Ngangom, B., Meitei, R. & Fric, Z.F. 2020. AN INVENTORY OF THE BUTTERFLIES OF MANIPUR, INDIA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA). Zootaxa 4882(1): 1–91. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4882.1.1 Reference page. 
• Kopp, A. & Brägger, H. 2017. Sieben Erstfunde und eine Bestätigung alter Nachweise für die Schmetterlingsfauna der Schweiz (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae, Gelechiidae, Tortricidae, Pyralidae). Alpine Entomology 1: 109–113. [In German] DOI: 10.3897/alpineentomology.1.22024. Reference page. 
• Kristensen, N.P., Scoble, M.J. & Karsholt, O. 2007. Lepidoptera phylogeny and systematics: the state of inventorying moth and butterfly diversity. Pp. 699–747 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (eds) Linnaeus tercentenary: progress in invertebrate taxonomy. Zootaxa 1668: 1–766. PDF.
• Landry, J.-F., Nazari, V., deWaard, J.R., Mutanen, M., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Huemer, P. & Hebert, P.D.N. 2013. Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology. Zootaxa 3749(1): 1–93. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1 Reference page. 
• Maes, D., Vanreusel, W., Herremans, M., Vantieghem, P., Brosens, D., Gielen, K., Beck, O., Van Dyck, H., Desmet, P. & Vlinderwerkgroep Natuurpunt 2016. A database on the distribution of butterflies (Lepidoptera) in northern Belgium (Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region). ZooKeys 585: 143–156. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.585.8019. Reference page. 
• van Nieukerken, E.J., Kaila, L., Kitching, I.J., Kristensen, N.P., Lees, D.C., Minet, J., Mitter, C., Mutanen, M., Regier, J.C., Simonsen, T.J., Wahlberg, N., Yen, S-H., Zahiri, R., Adamski, D., Baixeras, J., Bartsch, D., Bengtsson, B.A., Brown, J.W., Bucheli, S.R., Davis, D.R., de Prins, J., de Prins, W., Epstein, M.C., Gentili-Poole, P., Gielis, C., Hättenschwiler, P., Hausmann, A., Holloway, J.D., Kallies, A., Karsholt, O., Kawahara, A.Y., Koster, S., Kozlov, M.V., Lafontaine, J.D., Lamas, G., Landry, J-F., Lee, S., Nuss, M., Park, K-T., Penz, C.M., Rota, J., Schintlmeister, A., Schmidt, B.C., Sohn, J-C., Solis, M.A., Tarmann, G.M., Warren, A.D., Weller, S., Yaklovlev, R.V., Zolotuhin, V.V. & Zwick, A. 2011. Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. Pp 212–221 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (ed.) 2011. Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa 3148: 1–237. Open access. Reference page.  PDF. Reference page. 
• Núñez Aguila, R. & Barro Cañamero, A. 2012. A list of Cuban Lepidoptera (Arthropoda: Insecta). Zootaxa 3384: 1–59. Նախադիտում Reference page. 
• Nur Athiqah M.Y., Nur Azura A. & Lau W.H. 2015. Illustrated larval key to lepidopteran pests of rice in Malaysia. Zootaxa 3986(2): 243–248. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.2.8. Preview (PDF) Reference page. 
• Pohl, G.R., Anweiler, G.G., Schmidt, B.C. & Kondla, N.G. 2010. An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada. ZooKeys 38: 1–549. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383
• Pohl, G.R., Landry, J-F., Schmidt, B.C. & deWaard, J.R. 2019. Lepidoptera of Canada. Pp 463–505 In Langor, D.W. & Sheffield, C.S. (eds.). The Biota of Canada – A Biodiversity Assessment. Part 1: The Terrestrial Arthropods. ZooKeys 819: 520 pp. Reference page.  DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.819.27259 Reference page. 
• Queiroz-Santos, L., Dias, F.M.S., Dell'Erba, R., Casagrande, M.M. & Mielke, O.H.H. 2016. Assessment of the current state of biodiversity data for butterflies and skippers in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea). ZooKeys 595: 147-161. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.595.7856. Reference page. 
• Sambhu, H. & Nankishore, A. 2018. Butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Guyana: A compilation of records. Zootaxa 4371(1): 1–187. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4371.1.1 Reference page. 
• Samira, K., Malika, D., Faiza, M., De Prins, W., Mohammed, R., Flower, R. & Riadh, M. 2020. Diversity and abundance of Lepidoptera populations in the Theniet El Had National Park (Algeria). Zootaxa 4743(1): 35–46. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4743.1.3 Reference page. 
• Sattler, K. 1991. A review of wing reduction in Lepidoptera. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 60(2): 243–288. BHL Reference page. 
• Scoble, M.J. 1992. The Lepidoptera: form, function and diversity. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Seltmann, K.C., Cobb, N.S., Gall, L.F., Bartlett, C.R., Basham, M.A., Betancourt, I., Bills, C. Brandt, B., Brown, R.L., Bundy, C., Caterino, M.S., Chapman, C., Cognato, A.I., Colby, J., Cook, S.P., Daly, K.M., Dyer, L.A., Franz, N.M., Gelhaus, J.K., Grinter, C.C., Harp, C.E., Hawkins, R.L., Heydon, S.L., Hill, G.M., Huber, S., Johnson, N.F., Kawahara, A.Y., Kimsey, L.S., Kondratieff, B.C., Krell, F.T., Leblanc, L., Lee, S., Marshall, C.L., Mccabe, L.M., McHugh, J.V., Menard, K.L., Opler, P.A., Palffy-Muhoray, N., Pardikes, N., Peterson, M.A., Pierce, N.E., Poremski, A., Sikes, D.S., Weintraub, J.D., Wikle, D.L., Zaspel, J.M. & Zolnerowich, G. 2017. LepNet: The Lepidoptera of North America Network. Zootaxa 4247(1): 73–77. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4247.1.10 PDF. Reference page. 
• Sohn, J.-C., Labandeira, C., Davis, D. & Mitter, C. 2012. An annotated catalog of fossil and subfossil Lepidoptera (Insecta: Holometabola) of the world. Zootaxa 3286(1): 1–132. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3286.1.1 . hdl: 10088/18587 . ISBN 978-1-86977-887-3 (paperback). ISBN 978-1-86977-888-0 (online edition). Reference page. 
• Sohn, J.-C. & Lamas, G. 2013. Corrections, additions, and nomenclatural notes to the recently published world catalog of fossil and subfossil Lepidoptera. Zootaxa 3599(4): 395–399. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.8 Reference page. 
• Tujuba, T.F., Sciarretta, A., Hausmann, A. & Abate, G.A. 2019. Lepidopteran biodiversity of Ethiopia: current knowledge and future perspectives. ZooKeys, 882: 87–125. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.882.36634 Reference page. 
• Wahlberg, N., Peña, C., Ahola, M., Wheat, C.W. & Rota, J. 2016. PCR primers for 30 novel gene regions in the nuclear genomes of Lepidoptera. ZooKeys 596: 129–141. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.596.8399 Reference page. 
• Zhang, W., Shih, C., Labandeira, C.C., Sohn, J.-C., Davis, D.R., Santiago-Blay, J.A., Flint, O., Ren, D. 2013. New fossil Lepidoptera (Insecta: Amphiesmenoptera) from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of northeastern China. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79500. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079500 Reference page. 

Vernacular names

• Afrikaans: Skoenlappers en motte
• Akan: Afafanto
• Alemannisch: Falter
• Basa Bali: Kekupu
• беларуская: Матылі
• български: Пеперуди
• বাংলা: লেপিডপ্টেরা
• Tsetsêhestâhese: Hevavâhkema
• čeština: Motýli
• dansk: Natsværmere og Sommerfugle
• Deutsch: Schmetterlinge
• eʋegbe: Akpakpaluʋi
• Ελληνικά: Λεπιδόπτερα
• English: Butterflies and Moths
• español: Lepidóptero
• suomi: Perhoset
• Nordfriisk: Flenerken
• français: Lépidoptères
• galego: Lepidópteros, Bolboretas
• עברית: פרפרים
• hrvatski: Leptiri
• magyar: Lepkék
• Bahasa Indonesia: Kupu-kupu
• italiano: Lepidotteri
• 日本語: チョウ目 (鱗翅目)
• 한국어: 나비목
• lietuvių: Drugiai
• Diné bizaad: Kʼaalógii
• polski: Motyle
• português: Lepidópteros
• русский: Чешуекрылые
• slovenčina: Motýle
• தமிழ்: செதிலிறகி (chediliragi)
• ไทย: ผีเสื้อ
• Türkçe: Pul kanatlılar
• українська: Лускокрилі (метелики)
• Tiếng Việt: Bộ Cánh vẩy
• 中文: 鱗翅目

For more multimedia, look at Lepidoptera on Wikimedia Commons.

Wikibooks has a Dichotomous Key related to this taxon Lepidoptera.