Echinacea (Asteraceae)

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asterales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Heliantheae
Subtribus: Zinniinae
Genus: Echinacea
Subgenera: E. subg. Echinacea – E. subg. Pallida
Species: E. angustifolia – E. atrorubens – E. laevigata – E. pallida – E. paradoxa – E. purpurea – E. sanguinea – E. simulata – E. tennesseensis

Name

Echinacea Moench, Meth. 591 (1794) [4 May 1794].

Synonyms

Brauneria Necker ex Porter & Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 333. 17 Nov (1894).
Helichroa Raf., Neogenyton 3 (1825).

Dubious taxa

Echinacea hybrida hort. ex Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 9. Fasc. suppl. 1, 5 (1931), nom. nud., is probably a hybrid of Echinacea purpurea, but disposition is uncertain and of origin in cultivation.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
- Regional:Central & Eastern USA
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Regional:Canada
  - Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Introduced into:
  - Austria, Baltic States, Bolivia, Borneo, Costa Rica, Delaware, France, Germany, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Korea, Krym, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Poland, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Moench, C. 1794. Methodus Plantas Horti Botanici et Agri Marburgensis vol. 1–2, 780 pp., Marburgi Cattorum: Nova Libraria Academiae. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.304 Reference page. : 591

Additional references

Binns, S.E., Baum, B.R. & Arnason, J.T. 2002. A taxonomic revision of Echinacea (Asteraceae: Heliantheae). Systematic Botany 27(3): 610–632. DOI: 10.1043/0363-6445-27.3.610 JSTOR Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2023. Echinacea. Published online. Accessed: June 04 2023. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Echinacea in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 June 04. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2023. Echinacea. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 04 June 2023. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. Echinacea. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 June 04. Reference page.

Vernacular names

English: Coneflower
suomi: Punahatut
magyar: Kasvirág
日本語: ムラサキバレンギク属
русский: Эхинация
Türkçe: Kirpi otu