Xylographa parallela

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Baeomycetales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Ostropomycetidae Order: Baeomycetales

Familia: Xylographaceae
Genus: Xylographa
Species: Xylographa parallela

Name

Xylographa parallela (Ach. : Fr.) Behlen & Desberger, 1835

Substrate and ecology: On rotting logs or stumps, usually montane to subalpine, in humid, often shaded situations, spruce-fir, and mixed conifer forests

World distribution: Circumpolar arctic and boreal in Europe and North America (boreal and western)

Basionym

Lichen parallelus Ach., Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr. 23 (1798)

Synonyms

Graphis parallela Müll. Arg., Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 24: 200 (1892)
Hysterium abietinum Pers., Observ. mycol. (Lipsiae) 1: 31 (1796)
Hysterium parallelum (Ach.) Wahlenb., 1812
Lichen parallelus Ach.,: 23 (1798)
Opegrapha parallela (Ach.) Ach., 1803
Placographa laricicola (Nyl.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 18: 167 (1906)
Stictis parallela (Ach.) Fr., Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 2(1): 197 (1822)
Xylogramma paralellum (Ach.) Wallr., Fl. crypt. Germ. (Nürnberg) 2: 509 (1833)
Xylographa abietina (Pers.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univers. 2: 151 (1922) [1924]
Xylographa abietina var. parallela (Ach.) Redinger, 1938
Xylographa incerta A. Massal., Miscell. Lichenol.: 47 (1856)
Xylographa laricicola Nyl., Flora, Jena 58: 13 (1875)
Xylographa minutula Körb., Parerga lichenol. (Breslau): 276 (1861)
Xylographa parallela f. elliptica Nyl., in Leighton, Lich. Fl. Great Brit., Edn 3: 391 (1879)
Xylographa scaphoidea Stirt., Grevillea 3(no. 25): 35 (1874)

Note: Current name for Xylographa minutula is Xylographa parallela - (Source: Index Fungorum)

References

Primary

Behlen & Desberger, Naturgesch. Beschr. Deutsch. Forst-Krypt. 596 (1835)

Behlen, S; Desberger, FA (1835) Naturgeschichte und Beschreibung der deutschen Forstcryptogamen. - Erfurt & Gotha. pp. **[Mattick Rec.# 33282] - (Recent Literature on Lichens - Mattick No.)**

Secondary

Brodo, I.M.; Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Xylographa (p. 747) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. **[RLL List # 184 / Rec.# 22465] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion, distribution map for North America, and color photo (Plate 924): p. 749)

Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Xylographa (pp. 414-415) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp. **[RLL List # 184 / Rec.# 22402] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xylographa parallela, color photo, and map: p. 414)

Orange, A. (1992) Xylographa (Fr.) Fr. (1838) (pp. 648-649) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp. **[RLL List # 151 / Rec.# 15105] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xylographa parallela [as X. abietina]: p. 649)

Ryan, B.D. (2004) Xylographa (pp. 612-616) In: Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Diederich, P.; Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 2. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 742 pages. **[RLL List # 196 / Rec.# 25979] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discusson of Xylographa parallela: pp. 613-615; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 614)

Thomson, J.W. (1997) Xylographa Fr. (pp. 645-647 In, American Arctic Lichens: 2. The Microlichens. The University of Wisconsin Press, 675 pages. (Books.Google) (Discussion of Xylographa parallela (as Xylographa abietina): pp. 645 & 647; photo and distribution map for North America: p. 646)

Wirth, V. (1995) Xylographa (Fr.) Fr. (pp. 978-979) - Teil 2 - In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. **[RLL List # 159 / Rec.# 20405] - (Recent Literature on Lichens)** (Discussion of Xylographa parallela: p. 980)