Trifolium pratense

Trifolium pratense

Trifolium pratense

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Fabales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Trifolieae
Genus: Trifolium
Subgenus: T. subg. Trifolium
Sectio: T. sect. Trifolium
Species: Trifolium pratense
Varietates: T. p. var. americanum – T. p. var. maritimum – T. p. var. pratense – T. p. var. perenne – T. p. var. sativum – T. p. var. villosum

Name

Trifolium pratense L., Sp. Pl. 2: 768 (1753).

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Lagopus pratensis (L.) Bernh., Syst. Verz. Erf. 230 (1800)
  • Triphylloides pratensis (L.) Moench, Methodus: 510 (1794).
• Heterotypic
  • Trifolium borysthenicum Gruner, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 41, 2: 140 (1869)
  • Trifolium brachystylum Knaf, Lotos, 4: 237 (1854)
  • Trifolium pratense var. foliosum C.J.Brand, Bull. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 95: 41, pl. 2, fig. 2 (1906).
    • Trifolium foliosum (C.J.Brand) Miniaev in Schischkin, Fl. Leningr. Obl. 3: 94 (1961)
  • Trifolium fontanum Bobrov, Sovetsk. Bot. 1: 36 (1940), nom. inval. rossice,
  • Trifolium fontanum Bobrov in Komarov, Fl. URSS 11: 251, 391 (1945).
  • Trifolium glareosum Dum.Cours., Fl. Belg. 100 (1827), non Schleich. (1821)
  • Trifolium heterophyllum Lej., Rev. Fl. Spa: 158 (1824)
    • Trifolium pratense var. heterophyllum (Lej.) Rouy, Fl. Fr. 5: 120 (1899)
  • Trifolium lenkoranicum (Grossh.) Roskov, Bot. Zhurn. 75(5): 719 (1990)
  • Trifolium microphyllum Desv., Journ. Bot. 2: 316 (1809)
    • Trifolium pratense var. microphyllum (Desv.) Rouy, Fl. Fr. 5: 120 (1899)
  • Trifolium pratense f. velenovskyana Kožuharov, Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 6: 558 (1976)
  • Trifolium pratense var. rotundifolium Lej. & Courtois, Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 53 (1836)
  • Trifolium pratense subvar. rotundifolium (Lej. & Courtois) C.Vicioso, Anal. Inst. Bot. Cavanilles, 11(2): 315 (1954)
  • Trifolium pratense subvar. spontaneum (Willk.) C.Vicioso, Anal. Inst. Bot. Cavanilles, 11(2): 313 (1954)
  • Trifolium pratense var. anatolicum Freyn, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 177 (1895)
  • Trifolium pratense var. collinum Gibelli & Belli, Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, 39: 302 (1889)
  • Trifolium pratense var. evariegatum M.Y.Liu & F.C.Wang, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 7(4): 324 (1989)
  • Trifolium pratense var. hirsutum Boiss., Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 170 (1840)
  • Trifolium pratense var. lenkoranicum Grossh.
  • Trifolium pratense var. mesatlanticum H.Lindb., Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn. Nov., Ser. B 1(2): 90 (1932).
  • Trifolium pratense var. pilosum Heuff., Abh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 8: 88 (1838)
  • Trifolium pratense var. sericeum Nègre, Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 40: 278 (1960)
  • Trifolium pratense var. silvestre Ducommun, Taschaub.: 169 (1869)
  • Trifolium pratense var. spontaneum Willk., Führer: 535 (1863)
  • Trifolium pratense var. stojanovii Kožuharov, Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya, 6: 558 (1976)
  • Trifolium pratense var. sylvestre Ducommun, (1869)
  • Trifolium pratense var. variegatum M.Y.Liu & F.C.Wang, J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 7(4): 324 (1989)
  • Trifolium purpureum Gilib., Fl. Lituan. 2: 86 (1782)
  • Trifolium ucrainicum Opperman ex Wissjul., Fl. RSS Ucr. 6: 588 (1954).
  • Trifolium vaginatum Schleich., Cat. Pl. Helv. 51 (1821).
  • Trifolium villosum Ten., Syll. Fl. Neap. 373 (1831).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland Regional: Southwestern Europe Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Eritrea, Ethiopia Regional: Southern Africa Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Provinces Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutiya Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Regional: China China South-Central, Manchuria, China North-Central, China Southeast, Xinjiang Regional: Mongolia Mongolia Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya, Regional: Malesia Jawa, Continental: Australasia Regional: Australia New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Regional: New Zealand Antipodean Islands, Chatham Islands, Kermadec Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South Continental: Northern America Regional: Subarctic America Aleutian Islands Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. New York, Vermont. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee Regional: Mexico Mexico Southwest Continental: Southern America Regional: Central America Costa Rica, Guatemala Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico Regional: Northern South America Venezuela Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Regional: Brazil Brazil South Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South, Uruguay Continental: Antarctic Regional: Subantarctic Islands Falkland Islands, References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 768. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Zohary, M. & Heller, D. 1984. The genus Trifolium. Jerusalem: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. ISBN 965-208-056-X Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Trifolium pratense in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jun 18. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2021. Trifolium pratense. Published online. Accessed: Jun 18 2021.
• Tropicos.org 2021. Trifolium pratense. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 18 Jun 2021.
• Hassler, M. 2021. Trifolium pratense. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Jun 18. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Trifolium pratense. Accessed: 18 Jun 2021.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Trifolium pratense in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 28-Oct-07.

Vernacular names

العربية: نفل المروج, نفل احمر, نفل أحمر
azərbaycanca: Çəmənlik üçyarpaq yoncası
башҡортса: Туҡранбаш
беларуская: Канюшына лугавая
български: Червена детелина
català: Trèvol de prat, Trèvol vermell, Trèvol comú
kaszëbsczi: Czerwionô kòniczëna
čeština: jetel luční
Cymraeg: Meillionen goch, Meillion coch
dansk: Rød-Kløver, Rød Kløver, Rødkløver
Deutsch: Wiesen-Klee
English: Red clover
Esperanto: Ruĝa trifolio
español: trébol rojo, trébol violeta, berrillo, caramelos, carretón, chupador, chupamieles, chupetes, chupetitos, chupones, chupón, farucha, farusa, hierba de las cataratas, hirusta gorria, hoja la nube, mamatetas, media luna, melga, meliguel, meriguel, motas encarnadas, quínola, teble, tefla, trebalejo, trebo, trebo silvestre, trébol, trebulo, tres en rama, trevo , trevol, trifolio, trábol de la media luna, trébol, trébol arvense, trébol común, trébol de la luna, trébol de la media luna, trébol de los prados, trébol de los prados colorado, trébol de media luna, trébol de prado, trébol de prados, trébol de prados de flores encarnadas, trébol de prados purpúreas, trébol del príncipe, trébol enano, trébol encarnado, trébol ladino, trébol pratense, trébol pratense que hace las flores purpúreas, trébol productivo, trébol rojo de los prados, trébol silvestre, trébol sopaenvino, trébol sopavino, trébole, trébul, yerba chupelera
eesti: Aasristik, Punane ristikhein, Punane ristik
euskara: Hirusta gorri
فارسی: شبدر قرمز
suomi: Puna-apila
français: Trèfle des prés, Trèfle violet, Trefle des pres
galego: Trevo rubio
hornjoserbsce: Čerwjeny dźećel
magyar: Réti here
íslenska: Rauðsmári
日本語: ムラサキツメクサ (紫詰草), ムラサキツメグサ, アカツメグサ, アカツメクサ
ქართული: წითელი სამყურა
한국어: 붉은토끼풀
lietuvių: Raudonasis dobilas
latviešu: Pļavas āboliņš
эрзянь: Вараканьбал
norsk bokmål: Rødkløver, Rød kløver, Sukkertopp
Nederlands: Rode klaver
norsk nynorsk: Raudkløver
norsk: Rødkløver
polski: Koniczyna łąkowa, Koniczyna czerwona
português: trevo vermelho
русский: Клевер луговой
slovenčina: Ďatelina lúčna
slovenščina: Črna detelja
српски / srpski: Црвена детелина
svenska: Rödklöver
Türkçe: Çayır üçgülü
українська: Конюшина лучна
vèneto: strafòjo
中文: 紅菽草

For more multimedia, look at Trifolium pratense on Wikimedia Commons.