Taxus baccata

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Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata: IUCN Red List Category: Least Concern

Класификация

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Класификация: Pinales 

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Divisio: Pinophyta
Classis: Pinopsida
Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Taxaceae
Genus: Taxus
Species: Taxus baccata

Име

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Taxus baccata L., Sp. Pl.: 1040 (1753).

Синоними

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  • Heterotypic
    • Taxus baccata var. variegata Weston, Bot. Univ. 1: 292 (1770).
    • Taxus fastigiata Lindl., Syn. Brit. Fl.: 241 (1829).
    • Taxus baccata stricta C.Lawson, Agric. Man.: 398 (1836).
    • Taxus baccata var. erecta Loudon, Arb. Brit. 4: 2068 (1838).
    • Taxus hibernica Hook. ex Loudon, Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2066 (1838), not validly publ.
    • Taxus baccata var. dovastoniana Leight., Fl. Shropshire: 497 (1841).
    • Taxus sparsifolia Loudon, Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 940 (1842), not validly publ.
    • Cephalotaxus tardiva Siebold ex Endl., Syn. Conif.: 239 (1847).
    • Taxus baccata var. lutea Endl., Syn. Conif.: 243 (1847).
    • Taxus baccata dovastonii Lindl. & Gordon, J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 5: 227 (1850).
    • Taxus baccata var. elegantissima C.Lawson in P.Lawson & al., Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe: 82 (1851).
    • Taxus baccata var. pyramidalis C.Lawson in P.Lawson & al., Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe: 83 (1851).
    • Taxus parvifolia Wender., Pfl. Bot. Gärt. 1(Conif.): 42 (1851).
    • Taxus recurvata C.Lawson in P.Lawson & al., Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 10: 83 (1851).
    • Taxus tardiva (Siebold ex Endl.) C.Lawson in P.Lawson & al., Abietineae- List Pl. Fir Tribe 10: 80 (1851).
    • Taxus adpressa Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), sér. 4, 4: 93 (1855).
    • Taxus baccata ericoides Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 519 (1855).
    • Taxus baccata var. glauca Jacques ex Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 519 (1855).
    • Taxus dovastonii Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus elegantissima Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus erecta Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus ericoides Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 519 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus foxii Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 519 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus horizontalis Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus marginata Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus mitchellii Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 520 (1855), not validly publ.
    • Taxus pendula Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus pyramidalis Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 519 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus variegata Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 518 (1855), pro syn.
    • Taxus baccata pendula Rinz, Gartenflora 6: 334 (1857), nom. nud.
    • Taxus imperialis Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 312 (1858), not validly publ.
    • Taxus microphylla Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 313 (1858), pro syn.
    • Taxus monstrosa Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 313 (1858), not validly publ.
    • Taxus virgata Wall. ex Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 317 (1858), not validly publ.
    • Taxus disticha Wender. ex Henkel & Hochst., Syn. Nadelhölz.: 354 (1865), not validly publ.
    • Taxus communis aurea J.Nelson, Pinaceae: 172 (1866).
    • Taxus communis fastigiata-variegata J.Nelson, Pinaceae: 219 (1866).
    • Taxus communis pendula J.Nelson, Pinaceae: 172 (1866).
    • Taxus communis pendula-variegata J.Nelson, Pinaceae: 173 (1866).
    • Taxus adpressa adpressa-stricta Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 732 (1867).
    • Taxus baccata aurea (J.Nelson) Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 734 (1867).
    • Taxus baccata expansa Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 738 (1867).
    • Taxus baccata linearis Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 738 (1867).
    • Taxus baccata f. xanthocarpa Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipzig: 6 (1867).
    • Taxus michelii Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 736 (1867), pro syn.
    • Verataxus adpressa (Carrière) Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 731 (1867).
    • Taxus baccata var. dovastonii (Lindl. & Gordon) Sénécl., Conifères: 186 (1868), nom. superfl.
    • Taxus baccata var. dovastonii-aurea Sénécl., Conifères: 187 (1868).
    • Taxus nana Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 501 (1868), pro syn.
    • Taxus aurea K.Koch, Dendrologie 2(2): 93 (1873).
    • Taxus columnaris K.Koch, Dendrologie 2(2): 92 (1873).
    • Taxus expansa K.Koch, Dendrologie 2(2): 92 (1873).
    • Taxus jacksonii K.Koch, Dendrologie 2(2): 93 (1873).
    • Taxus baccata var. dovastonii-variegata Gordon, Pinetum, ed. 2: 389 (1875).
    • Taxus baccata elvastonensis Barron ex Gordon, Pinetum, ed. 2: 430 (1875).
    • Taxus empetrifolia Gordon, Pinetum, ed. 2: 390 (1875), pro syn.
    • Taxus baccata var. macrocarpa Lavallée, Énum. Arbres: 294 (1877).
    • Taxus baccata gracilis-pendula Lauche, Deut. Dendrol.: 47 (1880).
    • Taxus baccata pendula-graciosa Overeynder, Sieboldia 6: 274 (1880).
    • Taxus baccata var. albovariegata Späth, Nursery Cat. (Späth) 57: 3 (1883).
    • Taxus baccata f. elegantissima (C.Lawson) Beissn., Handb. Conif.: 23 (1887).
    • Taxus baccata f. pyramidalis (C.Lawson) Beissn., Handb. Conif.: 22 (1887).
    • Taxus baccata repandens Parsons, Descr. Cat. Kissena Nurs.: 92 (1887).
    • Cephalotaxus adpressa Beissn., Handb. Nadelholzk.: 174 (1891).
    • Cephalotaxus brevifolia Beissn., Handb. Nadelholzk.: 174 (1891).
    • Taxus baccata var. dovastonii-aureovariegata Beissn., Handb. Nadelholzk.: 172 (1891).
    • Taxus baccata f. pendula-graciosa (Overeynder) Beissn., Handb. Nadelholzk.: 172 (1891).
    • Taxus elvastonensis Beissn., Handb. Nadelholzk.: 176 (1891).
    • Taxus baccifera Theophr. ex Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 1: 46 (1897).
    • Taxus baccata pendula-variegata (J.Nelson) Simon-Louis ex Beissn., Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 8: 85 (1898).
    • Taxus baccata f. aurea (J.Nelson) Pilg. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 5: 114 (1903).
    • Taxus baccata subf. aureovariegata Pilg. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 5: 114 (1903).
    • Taxus baccata f. erecta (Loudon) Pilg. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 5: 115 (1903).
    • Taxus baccata f. linearis (Carrière) Pilg. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 5: 115 (1903).
    • Taxus baccata var. adpressa-aurea A.Henry in H.J.Elwes & A.Henry, Trees Great Britain 1: 115 (1906).
    • Taxus baccata semperaurea Dallim., Holly Yew Box: 204 (1908).
    • Taxus baccata f. ericoides (Carrière) Pilg., Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 25: 11 (1916 publ. 1917).
    • Taxus baccata f. pendula (J.Nelson) Pilg., Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 25: 11 (1916 publ. 1917).
    • Taxus baccata var. prostrata Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 2: 581 (1916).
    • Taxus baccata adpressa-pendula V.Gibbs, J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 51: 197 (1926).
    • Taxus baccata var. pendula-overeynderi Fitschen in L.Beissner, Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 41 (1930).
    • Taxus baccata var. cavendishii Hornibr. in F.J.Chittenden, Rep. Conif. Conf. R.H.S.: 76 (1932).
    • Taxus baccata f. dovastoniana (Leight.) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 67 (1945).
    • Taxus baccata f. expansa (Carrière) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 2 (1949).
    • Taxus baccata f. lutea Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 2 (1949).
    • Taxus baccata f. repandens (Parsons) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 3 (1949).
    • Taxus baccata f. semperaurea (Dallim.) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 2 (1949).
    • Taxus baccata f. stricta (C.Lawson) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 2 (1949).
    • Taxus baccata f. variegata (Weston) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 1 (1949).

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Europe
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
    • Eastern Europe
      • Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
  • Africa
    • Northern Africa
      • Algeria, Morocco.
    • Macaronesia
      • (I) Madeira.
  • Asia-Temperate
    • Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
    • Western Asia
      • Iran, Turkey.
  • Northern America
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • (I) New York.

Позовавания: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

Позовавания

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Primary references

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  • Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus II. Pp. 561–1200, [1–30, index], [1, err.]. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

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Местни имена

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aragonés: Taixo
български: обикновен тис
català: Teix
čeština: tis červený, tis obecný
dansk: taks, almindelig taks
Deutsch: Europäische Eibe
English: European Yew
español: tejo europeo, tejo común
eesti: harilik jugapuu
suomi: Euroopanmarjakuusi
français: if commun
galego: Teixo
hrvatski: Tisa
magyar: közönséges tiszafa
íslenska: ýviður, ýr
italiano: Tasso
日本語: ヨーロッパイチイ
norsk bokmål: barlind, europeisk barlind
Nederlands: Taxus, Venijnboom
polski: cis pospolity
português: Teixo
română: Tisa
русский: тис ягодный
sardu: Enis
slovenčina: tis zvyčajný
svenska: idegran
Türkçe: Yaygın porsuk
українська: тис ягідний
vèneto: Pola da nass, Tuja
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