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Saponaria officinalis

From Wikispecies
Saponaria officinalis
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Saponaria officinalis is listed as Least Concern.

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Cladus: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Caryophyllaceae
Tribus: Caryophylleae
Genus: Saponaria
Species: Saponaria officinalis

Name

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Saponaria officinalis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 408 (1753).

  • Lectotype (designated by Schultz, Bot. Zhurn. 69: 1479. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 580.1 (LINN).

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
    • Bootia saponaria Neck., Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 2: 484 (1770).
    • Lychnis officinalis (L.) Scop., Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 303 (1771).
    • Silene saponaria Fr., Bot. Not. 1842(10): 171 (1842).
    • Saponaria officinarum Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 176 (1869), orth. var.
    • Lychnis saponaria Jess., Deut. Excurs.-Fl.: 279 (1879).
  • Heterotypic
    • Saponaria officinalis var. hybrida L., Sp. Pl. 1: 408 (1753), misspelled as hybrina.
    • Saponaria hybrida Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 2 (1768).
    • Bootia vulgaris Neck., Delic. Gallo-Belg. 1: 193 (1768), nom. illeg.
    • Saponaria vulgaris Pall., Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 655 (1776), nom. inval.
    • Saponaria nervosa Gilib., Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 163 (1782), opus utiq. oppr.
    • Saponaria officinalis var. hortensis H.Mart., Prodr. Fl. Mosq., Ed. Alt. 77 (1817).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. plena Sweet, Hort. Suburb. Lond.: 98 (1818).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. convoluta Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 643 (1821 publ. 1822).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. glaberrima Ser. in A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 365 (1824).
      • Saponaria officinalis f. glaberrima (Ser.) Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 3(1): 345 (1911).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. glabrata Lej. & Courtois, Comp. Fl. Belg. 2: 83 (1831).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. pleniflora Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 99 (1866), nom. inval.
      • Saponaria officinalis f. pleniflora (Schur) Zapał., Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 11B(51B): 123 (1911 publ. 1912).
    • Saponaria alluvionalis Du Moulin, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 17: 390 (1867).
      • Type locality: Germany, Bayern, Bertolzheim.
      • Saponaria officinalis var. alluvionalis (Du Moulin) Prantl, Exkurs.-Fl. Bayern: 188 (1884), misspelled as alluvionum.
    • Saponaria officinalis var. floribunda Durieu, Index Seminum (BORD, Burdigala) 1872: 16 (1873).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. puberula Syme ex Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 3: 151 (1896).
    • Saponaria officinalis f. abnormis Zapał., Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 11B(51B): 122 (1911 publ. 1912).
    • Saponaria officinalis f. tenuifolia Zapał., Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 11B(51B): 123 (1911 publ. 1912).
    • Saponaria officinalis f. macropetala Zapał., Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 11B(51B): 123 (1911 publ. 1912).
    • Saponaria officinalis var. parvilimbis Zapał., Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 11B(51B): 123 (1911 publ. 1912).

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden (introduced).
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Czechia-Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Northwest Balkan Peninsula.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia (introduced), South European Russia, Ukraine.
  • Continental: Africa (introduced)
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Algeria, Morocco.
    • Regional: Macaronesia
      • Canary Islands, Madeira.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Siberia
      • Altay, Irkutsk, West Siberia (introduced).
    • Regional: Russian Far East
      • Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin (introduced).
    • Regional: Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Uzbekistan (introduced).
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Cyprus (introduced), East Aegean Islands, Iran (introduced), Lebanon-Syria, Türkiye.
    • Regional: China
      • Manchuria (introduced).
    • Regional: Eastern Asia
      • Japan (introduced).
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Vietnam (introduced).
  • Continental: Australasia
    • Regional: Australia
      • Tasmania (introduced).
  • Continental: Northern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Western Canada
      • Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.
    • Regional: Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec.
    • Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
    • Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah.
    • Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico, Texas.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.
    • Regional: Mexico
      • Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf.
  • Continental: Southern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Western South America
      • Bolivia.
    • Regional: Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile South, Uruguay.
  • Continental: Antarctic
    • Regional: Subantarctic Islands
      • Tristan da Cunha (introduced).

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Additional references

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Vernacular names

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  • aragonés: Sabonera
  • مصرى: صابونيه مخزنيه
  • العربية: صابونية مخزنية
  • asturianu: Fueya de cebón
  • azərbaycanca: Dərman sabunotu
  • башҡортса: Һабын үләне
  • беларуская: мыльнік лекавы
  • български: Oбикновено сапунче
  • català: Herba sabonera
  • corsu: Sciuppuleddu
  • kaszëbsczi: Gapié mëdło
  • čeština: Mydlice lékařská
  • Cymraeg: Sebonllys
  • dansk: Almindelig Sæbeurt
  • Deutsch: Gewöhnliches Seifenkraut
  • English: Common soapwort
  • Esperanto: Oficina saponario
  • español: Jabonera
  • eesti: Harilik seebilill
  • euskara: Xaboi-belar sendagarri
  • فارسی: گل صابونی
  • suomi: Rohtosuopayrtti
  • français: Saponaire officinale
  • Gaeilge: Garbhán creagach
  • עברית: בורית רפואית
  • hrvatski: Sapunika
  • hornjoserbsce: Wšědna mydlica
  • magyar: Orvosi szappanfű
  • հայերեն: Օճառախոտ դեղատու
  • italiano: Saponaria
  • 日本語: サボンソウ
  • Taqbaylit: Tigigit
  • 한국어: 비누풀
  • kernowek: Sebonles
  • lietuvių: Putoklis
  • latviešu: Ārstniecības ziepjusakne
  • македонски: Сапунче
  • norsk bokmål: Såpeurt
  • Nederlands: Zeepkruid
  • norsk: Såpeurt
  • polski: Mydlnica Lekarska
  • română: Săpunăriță
  • русский: Мыльнянка лекарственная
  • slovenčina: Mydlica lekárska
  • slovenščina: Navadna milnica
  • српски / srpski: Сапуњача
  • svenska: Såpnejlika
  • Türkçe: Sabun otu
  • українська: Собаче мило лікарське
  • Tiếng Việt: Phì tạo thảo
  • 中文（简体）: 肥皂草
  • 中文（繁體）: 肥皂草
  • 中文（臺灣）: 肥皂草
  • 中文: 肥皂草
For more multimedia, look at Saponaria officinalis on Wikimedia Commons.
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