Pinus brutia

Pinus brutia subsp. brutia var. brutia tree, Belemedik Nature Park, Pozantı, Adana, Turkey

Pinus brutia subsp. brutia var. brutia strobilus, Argaka, Cyprus

Pinus brutia

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Subgenus: P. subg. Pinus
Sectio: P. sect. Pinaster
Species: Pinus brutia
Subspecies: P. b. subsp. brutia – P. b. subsp. eldarica
Varietates: P. b. var. pendulifolia – P. b. var. pityusa – P. b. var. stankewiczii

Name

Pinus brutia Ten., Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LXXII (PDF) (1815, "brutius", orth. err.).

• Lectotypus (designated by Frankis 1999: 180) Italy, Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte [ancient Brutium] (naturalised population), Tenore s.n., sheet T2 (Lectotypus: NAP),

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Pinus halepensis var. brutia (Ten.) A.Henry in H.J.Elwes & A.Henry, Trees Great Britain 5: 1100 (1910).
  • Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboe, Stud. Veg. Cyprus: 29 (1914).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Southeastern Europe Bulgaria (extreme SE, rare), Greece (Kiklades, Northeast; widely planted elsewhere), Italy (Calabria, introduced), Kriti, Turkey-in-Europe. Eastern Europe Krym. Africa Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco (introduced). Asia-Temperate Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (Azerbaijan) Western Asia Afghanistan (probably introduced but possibly native), Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran (introduced), Iraq, Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon, Syria)), Palestine (introduced), Turkey. Australasia Australia Western Australia (introduced). References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Tenore, M. 1811–1815. Flora Napolitana, ossia descrizione delle piante indigene del regno di Napoli, e delle più rare specie di piante esotiche coltivate ne' giardini. Vol. I. lxxii + 324 pp., Tipografia del Giornale Enciclopedico, Stamperia Francese, Napoli. PDFReference page. 

Additional references

• Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. 2 vols., pp. 1–526 + 527–1111, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, Boston. ISBN 978-90-04-17718-5. Reference page.  (pp. 641–643)
• Frankis, M.P. 1999. Pinus brutia. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 16(3): 173–184, Plate 367. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8748.00216 JSTOR Reference page. 
• Frankis, M.P. 2000. Pinaceae. Pp. 5–7 in Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T. & Başer, K.H.C. (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 11 (Supplement 2). 656 pp., Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, ISBN 0-7486-1409-5. Reference page. 
• Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2010. Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du Nord. Volume 1: Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève, ISBN 978-2-8277-0120-9, 455 pp. PDF Reference page. 
• Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, Th., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013. Vascular Plants of Greece: An Annotated Checklist. Englera 31: 1–368. JSTOR PDF Reference page. 

Links

• Earle, C.J. 2021. Pinus brutia in The Gymnosperm Database. Accessed Mar. 1 2021.

• Farjon, A. 2013. Pinus brutia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. IUCN Red List Category: Least Concern . DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42347A2974345.en.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Pinus brutia in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 Feb 24. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2023. Pinus brutia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 24 Feb 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Pinus brutia. Accessed: 24 Feb 2023.
• Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Pinus brutia in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2023 Feb 24.
• International Plant Names Index. 2021. Pinus brutia. Published online. Accessed: 8 March 2021.

Vernacular names

العربية: صنوبر بروتي
català: Pi de Turquia
dansk: Calabrisk Fyr
Deutsch: Kalabrische Kiefer
Ελληνικά: Τραχεία πεύκη
English: Turkish Pine
Esperanto: Malgrandazia pino
español: Pino de Chipre
فارسی: کاج ایتالیایی
suomi: Turkinmänty
français: Pin de Calabre
עברית: אורן קפריסאי
magyar: Kalábriaifenyő
հայերեն: Սոճի էլդարյան
italiano: Pino calabro
ქართული: ელდარის ფიჭვი
перем коми: Тюркияись пожум
македонски: Брутски бор
монгол: Туркийн нарс
Nederlands: Turkse den
norsk: Kalabrisk furu
polski: Sosna kalabryjska
پنجابی: بروٹی چیڑ
русский: Сосна калабрийская
Türkçe: Türk kızılçamı
удмурт: Турциысь пужым
中文: 土耳其松

For more multimedia, look at Pinus brutia on Wikimedia Commons.