Physconia enteroxantha

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Caliciales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae Ordo: Caliciales

Physconia enteroxantha (Nyl.) Poelt, 1966

Substrate and ecology (Sonoran region:) On bark, rock, mosses over rock, or on soil (usually over rock)

World distribution: North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia

Basionym: Physcia enteroxantha Nyl., 1873

Synonyms:

Parmelia cycloselis var. lithotea Ach., Method. Lich.: 199 (1803)
Physcia cycloselis var. lithotea (Ach.) Ach., Method. Lich.: 199 (1803)
Physcia enteroxantha Nyl., Flora, Jena 56: 196 (1873)
Physcia enteroxanthella (Harm.) H. Olivier, Mém. Soc. natn. Sci. nat. math. Cherbourg 36: 238 (1907)
Physcia grisea sensu auct. brit. p.p.; fide Checklist of Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland (2002)
Physcia grisea f. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Erichsen
Physcia grisea var. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Servít, 1934
Physcia leucoleiptes f. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Mereschk., 1931
Physcia obscura var. lithotea (Ach.) Nyl., Lich. Scand. (Uppsala): 112 (1861)
Physcia subdetersa Nyl., Flora, Jena 61: 344 (1878)
Xanthoria subdetersa (Nyl.) Horw., 1912

Poelt, J. (1966) Zur Kenntnis der Flechtengattung Physconia - Nova Hedwigia 7: 107–135. (RLL List # 62 / Rec. # 14836 - Recent Literature on Lichens)

Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Physconia (pp. 560-566) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Description of Physconia enteroxantha and distribution map for North America: p. 564; color photo: p. 564, plate 679)

Coppins, B.J. (1992) Physconia Poelt, 1965 (pp. 467-470) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp. (RLL List # 151 / Rec. # 15105 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 472)

Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Physconia (pp. 306-308) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp. (RLL List # 184 / Rec. # 22402 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 307)

Esslinger, T. L. (2002) Physconia (pp. 373-383) In: Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 1. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 532 pages. (RLL List # 187 / Rec. # 23101 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: pp. 377-378; distribution map for the Sonoran region: p. 378)

Flenniken, D. (1999) Physconia Poelt (pp. 181-183) In The Macrolichens In West Virginia, 231 pages, 26 plates. (Published by D. Flenniken, 2273 Blachleyville Rd, Wooster, Ohio 44691) (RLL List # 175 / Rec. # 5723 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 182; color photo: plate 20, H)

Hinds, J.W. and Hinds, P.L. (2007) Physonia Poelt, 1965 (pp. 401-405) In, The Macrolichens of New England. - Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden No. 96. New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, New York. 584 pp. (RLL List # 210 / Rec. # 30032 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 403)

McCune, B. and Geiser, L. (2009) Physconia (pp. 274-277) Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. (Second Edition) Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, 464 pp. (RLL List # 216 / Rec. # 31233 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha and color photos: p. 275)

Moberg, R. (1977) The lichen genus Physcia and allied genera in Fennoscandia. - Symbol. Bot. Upsal. 22: 1–108. (RLL List # 98 / Rec. # 12901 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Illustration of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 86)

van Herk, K. and Aptroot, A. (2004) Physconia Poelt (pp. 302-307) In, Veldgids Korstmossen. Koninkliijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 423 pages; in Dutch. (RLL List # 196 / Rec. # 26085 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Description of Physconia enteroxantha: p. 304; color photo: p. 305)

Wirth, V. (1995) Physconia Poelt (pp. 736-741) - Teil 2 - In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. (RLL List # 159 / Rec. # 20405 - Recent Literature on Lichens) Physconia enteroxantha: p. 739; color photo: p. 737)

A Flechtenbilder (Lichen Images) by Ulrich Kirschbaum - Physconia enteroxantha

The Lichen Herbarium, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway (Photo Gallery) - Physconia enteroxantha

English: Yellow-cored frost lichen, Yellow-edged frost lichen, Frosted lichen
Nederlands: Donker rijpmos