Incilius occidentalis

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Anura
Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Unikonta Cladus: Opisthokonta Cladus: Holozoa Regnum: Animalia Subregnum: Eumetazoa Cladus: Bilateria Cladus: Nephrozoa Superphylum: Deuterostomia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Infraphylum: Gnathostomata Megaclassis: Osteichthyes Cladus: Sarcopterygii Cladus: Rhipidistia Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes Cladus: Elpistostegalia Superclassis: Tetrapoda Classis: Amphibia Subclassis: Lissamphibia Ordo: Anura

Familia: Bufonidae
Genus: Incilius
Species: Incilius occidentalis

Name[edit]

Incilius occidentalis (Camerano, 1879)

Type locality: Guanajuato, Mexico.

Holotype: Syntypes - MZUT (3 specimens).

Note:[edit]

The recognition of Incilius as a genus distinct from Bufo is highly controversial, and has not been accepted by many herpetologists working with this group. Pauly et al. (2004) discuss the phylogenetic relationships of species in this group, and retain the species within Bufo.

Synonyms[edit]

Bufo occidentalis Camerano, 1879
Bufo monksiae Cope, 1879
Cranopsis occidentalis — Frost et. al., 2006
Incilius occidentalis — Frost, 2008

References[edit]

Camerano, 1879, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, Cl. Sci. Fis. Mat. Nat., 14: 887.
Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis, and D. C, Cannatella. (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517–2535.
Frost, 2008, Amph. Spec. World Online, vers. 5.2.
Frost, D. 2008. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.2 (15 July, 2008). Electronic Database accessible at www.research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Incilius occidentalis
World Conservation Monitoring Centre IUCN: Incilius occidentalis (Least Concern) (as "Bufo occidentalis")

Vernacular names[edit]

English: Pine Toad