Foeniculum

Foeniculum vulgare

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Apiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Apiales

Familia: Apiaceae
Subfamilia: Apioideae
Tribus: Apieae
Genus: Foeniculum
Species: F. piperitum – F. sanguineum – F. scoparium – F. subinodorum – F. vulgare

Name

Foeniculum Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4.: [s.p.] (1754). BHL

• Type species: Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 1 (1768).

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Ozodia Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 375 (1834).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden (introduced). Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechia-Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland (introduced). Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, North West Balkan Peninsula, Romania (introduced), Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe. Regional: Eastern Europe Krym, Central European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine (introduced). Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Islands (introduced). Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Chad, Djibouti (introduced), Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia (introduced). Regional: East Tropical Africa Kenya, Tanzania (introduced). Regional: South Tropical Africa Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe (introduced). Regional: Southern Africa Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Provinces (introduced). Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean St.Helena (introduced). Regional: Western Indian Ocean Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues (introduced). Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan (introduced), Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Türkiye. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Gulf States, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, China North-Central, China Southeast (introduced). Regional: Mongolia Mongolia (introduced). Regional: Eastern Asia Korea, Taiwan (introduced). Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India (introduced), Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam (introduced). Regional: Malesia Jawa (introduced). Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. Regional: New Zealand New Zealand North, New Zealand South. Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: Southwestern Pacific Fiji, Niue. Regional: South-Central Pacific Society Islands. Regional: Northwestern Pacific Marianas. Regional: North-Central Pacific Hawaii. Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia. Regional: Eastern Canada Ontario, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Oregon, Washington. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Northwest. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala. Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Windward Islands. Regional: Western South America Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Regional: Brazil Brazil Southeast, Brazil South. Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Juan Fernández Islands, Paraguay, Uruguay. Continental: Antarctic (introduced) Regional: Subantarctic Islands Amsterdam-St.Paul Islands. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Miller, P. 1754. The Gardeners Dictionary. containing the methods of cultivating and improving all sorts of trees, plants, and flowers, for the kitchen, fruit, and pleasure gardens, as also those which are used in medicine : with directions for the culture of vineyards, and making of wine in England. In which likewise are included the practical parts of husbandry. Abridged. Ed. 4, Vol. 1–3 (unpaged). John & James Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.79061 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Foeniculum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2025 May 10. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2025. Foeniculum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 10 May 2025. Reference page.
• International Plant Names Index. 2025. Foeniculum. Published online. Accessed: 10 May 2025. Reference page.
• Hassler, M. 2025. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Foeniculum. Accessed: 10 May 2025.Reference page.  [sub Anethum]

Vernacular names

• беларуская: Фенхель
• Deutsch: Fenchel
• English: sweet fennel
• eesti: Apteegitill
• suomi: fenkolit
• 中文: 茴香属

For more multimedia, look at Foeniculum on Wikimedia Commons.