Ferula

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Apiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Campanulids Ordo: Apiales

Familia: Apiaceae
Subfamilia: Apioideae
Tribus: Scandiceae
Subtribus: Ferulinae
Genus: Ferula
Species: F. afghanica – F. akitschkensis – F. alaica – F. alliacea – F. amanicola – F. ammoniacum – F. anatolica – F. angreni – F. armandii – F. arnoldiana – F. arrigonii – F. assa-foetida – F. atlantica – F. aucheri – F. badghysi – F. badrakema – F. baluchistanica – F. barbeyi – F. behboudiana – F. biverticillata – F. blanchei – F. botschantzevii – F. brevipedicellata – F. bungeana – F. calcarea – F. canescens – F. caspica – F. caucasica – F. ceratophylla – F. clematidifolia – F. communis – F. conocaula – F. coskunii – F. costata – F. cupularis – F. cypria – F. czatkalensis – F. daninii – F. decurrens – F. dictyocarpa – F. dissecta – F. divaricata – F. diversivittata – F. downieorum – F. drudeana – F. dshizakensis – F. dubjanskyi – F. duranii – F. drudeana – F. elaeochytris – F. elbursensis – F. ermenekensis – F. equisetacea – F. euxina – F. fedoroviorum – F. fedtschenkoana – F. ferganensis – F. feruloides – F. flabelliloba – F. foetida – F. fontqueri – F. fujianensis – F. gabrielii – F. ghorana – F. gigantea – F. glaberrima – F. glabra – F. glabrifolia – F. glauca – F. glaucopruinosa – F. gouliminensis – F. gracilis – F. grigoriewii – F. groessingii – F. gummosa – F. gypsacea – F. halophila – F. haussknechtii – F. hedgeana – F. heratensis – F. hermonis – F. heuffelii – F. hexiensis – F. hezarlalehzarica – F. hindukushensis – F. hissarica – F. huber-morathii – F. hyrcana – F. iliensis – F. incisoserrata – F. jaeschkeana – F. juniperina – F. kandaharica – F. karakalensis – F. karatavica – F. karataviensis – F. karategina – F. karelinii – F. kashanica – F. kelifi – F. kelleri – F. kingdon-wardii – F. kirialovii – F. kokanica – F. kopetdagensis – F. korshinskyi – F. koso-poljanskyi – F. krylovii – F. kuhistanica – F. kyzylkumica – F. lancerotensis – F. lapidosa – F. laseroides – F. latiloba – F. latipinna – F. latisecta – F. lehmannii – F. leiophylla – F. leucographa – F. licentiana – F. linczevskii – F. lipskyi – F. lithophila – F. litwinowiana – F. longipedunculata – F. longipes – F. loscosii – F. lutensis – F. lycia – F. macrocolea – F. malacophylla – F. marmarica – F. mervynii – F. michaelii – F. microcolea – F. mikraskythiana – F. mogoltavica – F. mollis – F. mongolica – F. moschata – F. myrioloba – F. narthex – F. negevensis – F. nevskii – F. nuda – F. nuratavica – F. nuristanica – F. olivacea – F. oopoda – F. orientalis – F. ovczinnikovii – F. ovina – F. pachycaulos – F. pachyphylla – F. pallida – F. parva – F. penninervis – F. persica – F. pimenovii – F. pisidica – F. plurivittata – F. potaninii – F. prangifolia – F. pratovii – F. pseudalliacea – F. racemoso-umbellata – F. rechingeri – F. renardii – F. rigidula – F. rubricaulis – F. rubroarenosa – F. rutbaensis – F. sadleriana – F. samarkandica – F. sauvagei – F. schtschurowskiana – F. seravschanica – F. serpentinica – F. sharifii – F. shehbaziana – F. sibirica – F. sinaica – F. sinkiangensis – F. sjugatensis – F. songarica – F. sphenobasis – F. stenocarpa – F. stenoloba – F. stewartiana – F. subtilis – F. syreitschikowii – F. szowitsiana – F. tabasensis – F. tadshikorum – F. tatarica – F. taucumica – F. tenuisecta – F. tenuissima – F. teterrima – F. thomsonii – F. tingitana – F. trachelocarpa – F. trachyphylla – F. transiliensis – F. tschimganica – F. tschuiliensis – F. tuberifera – F. tunetana – F. ugamica – F. undulata – F. varia – F. vesceritensis – F. vicaria – F. violacea – F. wolffii – F. xanthocarpa – F. xeromorpha – F. xylorhachis

Name[edit]

Ferula Tourn. ex L., Sp. Pl. 1: 246 (1753).

Type species: Ferula communis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 246 (1753).

Synonyms[edit]

Heterotypic
- Soranthus Ledeb., Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. 1: 20 (1829).
- Eriosynaphe DC., Prodr. 4: 175 (1830).
- Dorema D.Don, Edinburgh New Philos. J. 9: 46 (1831).
- Agasulis Raf., Good Book: 57 (1840).
- Dardanis Raf., Good Book: 57 (1840).
- Diserneston Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 1: 78 (1842).
- Polycyrtus Schltdl., Linnaea 17: 126 (1843).
- Narthex Falc., Gard. Chron. 1846: 743 (1846).
- Sumbulus H.Reinsch, Jahrb. Pract. Pharm. Verwandte Fächer 13: 69 (1846).
- Scorodosma Bunge, Index Seminum (TU, Dorpatensis) 1846: [3] (1846).
- Euryangium Kauffm., Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13: 258 (1871).
- Buniotrinia Stapf & Wettst., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 315 (1886).
- Schumannia Kuntze, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 192 (1887).
- Merwia B.Fedtsch., Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 5: 49 (1924).
- Pinacantha Gilli, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 61: 207 (1959).
- Talassia Korovin, Trudy Inst. Bot. Akad. Nauk Kazakhst. S.S.R. 13: 257 (1962).

Distribution[edit]

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia, Hungary.
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine.
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Siberia
  - Altay, West Siberia.
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey.
- Regional: Arabian Peninsula
  - Saudi Arabia, Yemen.
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang.
- Regional: Mongolia
  - Mongolia.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Bangladesh (introduced), East Himalaya, Pakistan, West Himalaya.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Laos (introduced).

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References[edit]

Primary references[edit]

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 246. Reference page.

Additional references[edit]

Downie, S.R., Spalik, K., Katz-Downie, D.S. & Reduron, J.-P. 2010. Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Plant Diversity and Evolution 128(1–2): 111–136. DOI: 10.1127/1869-6155/2010/0128-0005 PDF. Reference page.
Kurzyna-Młynik, R., Oskolski, A.A., Downie, S.R., Kopacz, R., Wojewódzka, A. & Spalik, K. 2008. Phylogenetic position of the genus Ferula (Apiaceae) and its placement in tribe Scandiceae as inferred from nrDNA ITS sequence variation. Plant Systematics and Evolution 274(1–2): 47–66. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-008-0022-2 PDF Reference page.
Li, J-P., Peng, X-M. & Yu, W.B. 2010. Nomenclatural notes on Ferula tunshanica (= F. licentiana var. tunshanica) (Apiaceae). Phytotaxa 13: 59–60. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.6 ResearchGate Reference page.
Panahi, M., Banasiak, Ł., Piwczyński, M., Puchałka, R., Oskolski, A.A. & Spalik, K. 2015. Phylogenetic relationships among Dorema, Ferula and Leutea (Apiaceae: Scandiceae: Ferulinae) inferred from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA noncoding sequences. Taxon 64(4): 770–783. DOI: 10.12705/644.8 ResearchGate Reference page.
Panahi, M., Piwczyński, M., Puchałka, R., Kanani, M.R., Oskolski, A.A., Modnicki, D., Miłobędzka, A. & Spalik, K. 2018. Taxonomy of the traditional medicinal plant genus Ferula (Apiaceae) is confounded by incongruence between nuclear rDNA and plastid DNA. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 188(2): 173–189. DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boy055 Reference page.

Links[edit]

Hassler, M. 2018. Ferula. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Aug. 30. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Ferula. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 12 2016.
Tropicos.org 2014. Ferula. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Apr. 2014.

Vernacular names[edit]

Deutsch: Steckenkräuter
English: Giant Fennel
suomi: Keltaputket
italiano: Ferula
lietuvių: Ferula
Türkçe: Çakşır

For more multimedia, look at Ferula (Apiaceae) on Wikimedia Commons.