Apocynum cannabinum

Apocynum cannabinum

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Gentianales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Apocynoideae
Tribus: Apocyneae
Subtribus: Apocyinae
Genus: Apocynum
Species: Apocynum cannabinum

Name

Apocynum cannabinum L., 1753

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. typicum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 690 (1913), not validly publ.
  • Cynopaema cannabinum (L.) Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 509 (1916).
• Heterotypic
  • Apocynum sibiricum Jacq., Hort. Bot. Vindob. 3: 37 (1777).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1: 304 (1789).
  • Apocynum canadense Shecut, Fl. Carol. 1: 187 (1806).
  • Apocynum pubescens Mitch. ex R.Br., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 68 (1809).
  • Apocynum purpureum Tausch, Flora 19(2): 385 (1836).
  • Apocynum dimidiatum Raf., Autik. Bot.: 181 (1840).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. glaberrimum A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 439 (1844).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. pubescens (Mitch. ex R.Br.) A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 440 (1844).
  • Apocynum piscatorium Douglas ex A.DC in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 439 (1844).
  • Apocynum venetum A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 440 (1844), nom. illeg.
  • Forsteronia pavonii A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 438 (1844).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. hypericifolium (Aiton) A.Gray, Manual: 365 (1848).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. lanceolatum Durand & Hilg., Pl. Heermannianae: 41 (1854).
  • Apocynum cannabinum f. pubescens (Mitch. ex R.Br.) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3, 1: 660 (1894).
  • Apocynum album Greene, Pittonia 3: 230 (1897).
  • Apocynum nemorale G.S.Mill., Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 13: 87 (1900).
  • Apocynum laurinum Greene, Pittonia 5: 65 (1902).
  • Apocynum oblongum Greene, Pittonia 5: 65 (1902).
  • Apocynum salignum Greene, Pittonia 5: 64 (1902).
  • Apocynum suksdorfii Greene, Pittonia 5: 65 (1902).
  • Apocynum suksdorfii var. typicum Greene, Pittonia 5: 65 (1902), not validly publ.
  • Apocynum myrianthum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 59 (1904).
  • Apocynum nevadense Goodd., Bot. Gaz. 37: 57 (1904).
  • Apocynum oliganthum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 58 (1904).
  • Apocynum palustre Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 58 (1904).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. nemorale (G.S.Mill.) Fernald, Rhodora 10: 55 (1908).
  • Apocynum cordigerum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 164 (1911).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium f. arenarium (Greene) F.C.Gates, Torreya 11: 128 (1911).
  • Apocynum arenarium Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 173 (1912).
  • Apocynum bebbianum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 168 (1912).
  • Apocynum bolanderi Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 175 (1912).
  • Apocynum breweri Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 176 (1912).
  • Apocynum cervinum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 174 (1912).
  • Apocynum densiflorum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 176 (1912).
  • Apocynum dictyotum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 169 (1912).
  • Apocynum estellinum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 165 (1912).
  • Apocynum farwellii Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 168 (1912).
  • Apocynum isophyllum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 166 (1912).
  • Apocynum ithacense Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 170 (1912).
  • Apocynum littorale Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 171 (1912).
  • Apocynum longifolium Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 177 (1912).
  • Apocynum missouriense Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 165 (1912).
  • Apocynum platyphyllum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 166 (1912).
  • Apocynum procerum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 169 (1912).
  • Apocynum subuligerum Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 171 (1912).
  • Apocynum thermale Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 176 (1912).
  • Apocynum angustifolium Wooton, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 159 (1913), nom. illeg.
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. album (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 105 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. bolanderi (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Rev. Monogr. Apocynum: 108 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. estellinum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Rev. Monogr. Apocynum: 107 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. floribundum Bég. & Belosersky, Rev. Monogr. Apocynum: 108 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. incanum Bég. & Belosersky, Rev. Monogr. Apocynum: 101 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. isophyllum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Rev. Monogr. Apocynum: 107 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. oliganthum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 104 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. palustre Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 103 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum f. pennsilvanicum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 103 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. puberulum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 101 (1913).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. suksdorfii (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 105 (1913).
  • Apocynum carolinii Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 53 (1913).
  • Apocynum cinereum Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 56 (1913), nom. illeg.
  • Apocynum cuspidatum Greene ex Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 115 (1913).
  • Apocynum greeneanum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 111 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. angustifolium Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 120 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. cordigerum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 114 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. intermedium Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 113 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. myrianthum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 118 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. nevadense (Goodd.) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 115 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. oblongum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 119 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. salignum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 118 (1913).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. typicum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 703 (1913), not validly publ.
  • Apocynum macounii Greene ex Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 115 (1913).
  • Apocynum neogeum Bég. & Belosersky, Atti Reale Accad. Lincei, Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis., ser. 5a, 9: 108 (1913).
  • Apocynum tomentulosum Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 166 (1913).
  • Apocynum farwellii f. anomalum Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 17: 170 (1916).
  • Apocynum farwellii var. glaucum Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 17: 170 (1916).
  • Apocynum farwellii f. ternarium Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 17: 170 (1916).
  • Apocynum farwellii f. verticillare Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 17: 170 (1916).
  • Cynopaema hypericifolium (Aiton) Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 509 (1916).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. greeneanum (Bég. & Belosersky) Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 17: 132 (1930).
  • Apocynum hypericifolium var. farwellii (Greene) Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 17: 140 (1930).
  • Apocynum suksdorfii var. angustifolium (Bég. & Belosersky) Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 17: 119 (1930).
  • Apocynum sibiricum f. arenarium (Greene) Fernald, Rhodora 37: 328 (1935).
  • Apocynum sibiricum var. cordigerum (Greene) Fernald, Rhodora 37: 327 (1935).
  • Apocynum sibiricum var. salignum (Greene) Fernald, Rhodora 37: 328 (1935).
  • Apocynum sibiricum var. farwellii (Greene) Woodson in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 29: 192 (1938).
  • Apocynum cannabinum f. arenarium (Greene) B.Boivin, Naturaliste Canad. 93: 128 (1966).
  • Apocynum cannabinum subsp. cordigerum (Greene) Á.Löve & D.Löve, Taxon 31: 352 (1982).
  • Apocynum cannabinum var. angustifolium N.H.Holmgren in A.J.Cronquist & al., Intermountain Fl. 4: 28 (1984).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Apocynum cannabinum Continental: Northern America Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec), USA (Colorado, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Isl., Vermont, West Virginia, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia), Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, Sonora, Tamaulipas) References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 213. Reference page. 

Links

• Hassler, M. 2018. Apocynum cannabinum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Sep 18. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Apocynum cannabinum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Sep 18. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2018. Apocynum cannabinum. Published online. Accessed: Sep 18 2018.
• The Plant List 2013. Apocynum cannabinum in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Sep 18.
• Tropicos.org 2018. Apocynum cannabinum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 18 Sep 2018.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Apocynum cannabinum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

English: Dogbane, Indian Hemp

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