Ficaria verna

Ficaria verna

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Ranunculales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Ranunculaceae
Subfamilia: Ranunculoideae
Tribus: Ranunculeae
Genus: Ficaria
Species: Ficaria verna
Subspecies: F. v. subsp. calthifolia – F. v. subsp. chrysocephala – F. v. subsp. fertilis – F. v. subsp. ficariiformis – F. v. subsp. verna

Name

Ficaria verna Huds., Fl. Angl. 214 (1762), nom. nov.

Synonyms

• Replaced synonym
  • Ranunculus ficaria L., Sp. Pl. 1: 550 (1753).
    • Typus: Hort. Cliff. 228 (BM).
• Homotypic
  • Ficaria ranunculoides Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 241 (1788), nom. illeg.
  • Ranunculus praecox Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 372 (1796), nom. superfl.
  • Ficaria vulgaris J.St.-Hil., Pl. France 2: 50 (1808), nom. superfl.
  • Ficaria ranunculoides var. divergens F.W.Schultz, Arch. Fl. France Allemagne 2: 122 (1855), nom. inval.
  • Ranunculus ficaria f. divergens F.W.Schultz, Arch. Fl. 1: 224 (1856), nom. inval.
  • Ranunculus ficaria f. cordifolius Neilr., Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 1: 685 (1859), nom. inval.
  • Ficaria ranunculoides var. bulbilifera Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 13 (1866), nom. inval.
  • Ranunculus claviformis Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 221 (1867), nom. superfl.
  • Ranunculus ficaria var. divergens Syme in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 1: 48 (1877), nom. inval.
  • Ficaria ficaria (L.) H.Karst., Ill. Repert. Pharm.-Med. Bot.: 565 (1886), nom. inval.
  • Ficaria verna f. divergens Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1930: n.° 211 (1932), nom. inval.
• Heterotypic
  • Ficaria verna subsp. bulbifera Á.Löve & D.Löve, Bot. Not. 114: 52, (1961).
    • Ficaria bulbifera (Á.Löve & D.Löve) Holub, Preslia 33: 400 (1961).
  • Ficaria degenii Hervier, Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 27 (1905).
  • Ranunculus ficaria subsp. bulbifer Lawalrée, Fl. Gén. Belgique, Spermatoph. 2: 60 (1955), nom. illeg.
  • Ranunculus ficaria subsp. bulbilifer Lambinon, Bull. Jard. Bot. Belg. 51: 462, (1981), nom. nov.
  • Ranunculus ficaria var. bulbifer Albert in Albert & Jahandiez, Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var: 7 (1908).
  • Ranunculus ficaria var. bulbifer Marsden-Jones, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 50: 40 (1935) [non Albert]
  • Ficaria stepporum P.A.Smirn., 1958
  • Ficaria varia Otsch., 1965
    

Note:

Segregation from Ranunculus is unresolved with no consensus across authorities and it deserves its own taxon page.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar (introduced), Great Britain, Iceland (introduced), Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Regional: Macaronesia Canary Islands. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey. Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Western Canada British Columbia. Regional: Eastern Canada Newfoundland, Ontario, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Oregon, Washington. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, West Virginia. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Hudson, W. 1762. Flora Anglica, exhibens Plantas per Regnum Angliae sponte crescentes, distributas Secundum Systema Sexuale: cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, solo locorum, tempore florendi, officinalibus pharmacopaeorum.: i–[xvi], 1–506, [i]–xxii. BHL Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 550. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Paun, O., Lehnebach, C.A., Johansson, J.T., Lockhart, P.J. & Hörandl, E. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Ranunculus and allied genera (Ranunculaceae) in the Mediterranean region and in the European Alpine System. Taxon 54(4): 911–930. DOI: 10.2307/25065478 JSTOR ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Sell, P.D. 1994. Ranunculus ficaria L. sensu lato. Watsonia 20(1): 41–50. PDF Reference page. 

Links

• Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Ficaria verna in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published online. Accessed: 2017 12 8.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Ficaria verna in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 June 6. Reference page.  see Ranunculus ficaria
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Ficaria verna in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names

• العربية: ماميران ربيعي
• беларуская: Чысцяк веснавы
• català: Gatassa
• čeština: Orsej jarní
• Cymraeg: Llygad Ebrill
• dansk: Almindelig Vorterod
• Deutsch: Scharbockskraut
• English: Lesser Celandine
• Esperanto: Fikario
• español: Celidonia menor
• eesti: Kanakoole
• euskara: Korradu-belar
• فارسی: لسر کلاندین
• suomi: Mukulaleinikki
• français: Ficaire
• Gaeilge: Grán arcáin
• עברית: נורית הלב
• hornjoserbsce: Niska maslenka
• magyar: Salátaboglárka, nyugati salátaboglárka
• հայերեն: Թզարմատ գարնանային
• Ido: Fikario
• italiano: Favagello
• Taqbaylit: Tibiwt
• 한국어: 피카리아
• Limburgs: Spieënkroed
• lietuvių: Pavasarinis švitriešis
• latviešu: Pavasara mazpurenīte
• эрзянь: Тундонь верькс тикше
• Nederlands: Gewoon speenkruid
• norsk nynorsk: Vårkål
• ирон: Кæдзусæг
• polski: Ziarnopłon wiosenny
• русский: Чистяк весенний
• svenska: Svalört
• Türkçe: Arpacıksalebi
• українська: Пшінка весняна
• walon: Djaenea fåsse ranonke

For more multimedia, look at Ficaria verna on Wikimedia Commons.