Astrophorina
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Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Parazoa
Phylum: Porifera
Classis: Demospongiae
Subclassis: Heteroscleromorpha
Ordo: Tetractinellida
Subordo: Astrophorina
Familiae (15):
Ancorinidae –
Calthropellidae –
Corallistidae –
Geodiidae –
Isoraphiniidae –
Macandrewiidae –
Neopeltidae –
Pachastrellidae –
Phymaraphiniidae –
Phymatellidae –
Pleromidae –
Theneidae –
Theonellidae –
Thrombidae –
Vulcanellidae
nom[modifica]
- Astrophorina Sollas, 1887
References[modifica]
Primary references[modifica]
- Sollas, W.J. 1887. Sponges. pp 412–429 in Black, A. & C. (Eds.) Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th edition. 22. Edinburgh.
Additional references[modifica]
- Cárdenas, P. 2010. Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Evolution of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae). Ph.D. University of Bergen, Bergen. hdl: 1956/4020
- Van Soest, R.W.M., Beglinger, E.J. & De Voogd, N.J. 2010. Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho–)calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida). ZooKeys 68: 1–88. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.68.729
- Cárdenas, P., Xavier, J.R., Reveillaud, J., Schander, C. & Rapp, H.T. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae) reveals an unexpected high level of spicule homoplasy. PLoS ONE 6: e18318. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018318
- Cárdenas, P. & Rapp, H.T. 2012. A review of Norwegian streptaster-bearing Astrophorida (Porifera: Demospongiae: Tetractinellida), new records and a new species. Zootaxa 3253: 1–53. Preview (PDF). Full article (PDF).
- Morrow, C. & Cárdenas, P. 2015. Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology 12: 7. DOI: 10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8
Reference page.
