Cannabis sativa

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Cannabis sativa

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Rosales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Cannabaceae
Genus: Cannabis
Species: Cannabis sativa
Subspecies: C. s. subsp. indica – C. s. subsp. sativa

Varietas: C. s. var. ruderalis

Name

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Cannabis sativa L. Sp. Pl. 2: 1027 (1753).

Synonyms

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  • Heterotypic
    • Cannabis americana Pharm. ex Wehmer
    • Cannabis chinensis Delile
    • Cannabis erratica Siev.
    • Cannabis generalis E.H.L.Krause
    • Cannabis gigantea Crevost
    • Cannabis indica Lam.
    • Cannabis intersita Soják
    • Cannabis kafiristanica (Vavilov) Chrtek
    • Cannabis lupulus Scop.
    • Cannabis macrosperma Stokes
    • Cannabis ruderalis Janisch.
    • Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist
    • Cannabis sativa var. indica (Lam.) Wehmer
    • Cannabis sativa subsp. intersita (Soják) Soják
    • Cannabis sativa var. kafiristanica (Vavilov) E.Small & Cronquist
    • Cannabis sativa var. ruderalis (Janisch.) S.Z.Liou

Note: Synonymy sensu Govaerts (2019) c.f. Hassler (2019)

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe (introduced)
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Switzerland.
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Corse, France, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Belarus, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia.
  • Continental: Africa (introduced)
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Algeria, Morocco.
    • Regional: West Tropical Africa
      • Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Senegal.
    • Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
      • Central African Republic, Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, Zaire.
    • Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan.
    • Regional: East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
    • Regional: South Tropical Africa
      • Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
    • Regional: Southern Africa
      • Botswana, Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces.
    • Regional: Western Indian Ocean
      • Mauritius, Réunion.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Siberia
      • Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutskiya (introduced).
    • Regional: Russian Far East
      • Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin (introduced).
    • Regional: Middle Asia
      • Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • North Caucasus, Transcaucasus (introduced).
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey (introduced).
    • Regional: China
      • China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, China North-Central, China Southeast, Tibet (introduced), Xinjiang.
    • Regional: Eastern Asia
      • Korea (introduced).
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal (introduced), Pakistan, West Himalaya (introduced).
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam (introduced).
    • Regional: Malesia
      • Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands (introduced).
  • Continental: Australasia (introduced)
    • Regional: New Zealand
      • New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
  • Continental: Pacific (introduced)
    • Regional: Southwestern Pacific
      • Fiji, Vanuatu.
    • Regional: South-Central Pacific
      • Marquesas, Society Islands, Tuamotu, Tubuai Islands.
    • Regional: North-Central Pacific
      • Hawaii.
  • Continental: Northern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Eastern Canada
      • Ontario, Québec.
    • Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Washington.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
    • Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
      • California, Nevada.
    • Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia.
    • Regional: Mexico
      • Mexico Northwest.
  • Continental: Southern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Central America
      • Costa Rica, Nicaragua.
    • Regional: Caribbean
      • Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Islands.
    • Regional: Western South America
      • Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Vernacular names

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ak: Ntampi
беларуская: Каноплі пасяўныя
čeština: Konopí seté
dansk: Almindelig Hamp
Deutsch: Hanf
English: Hemp, Marijuana
Esperanto: Kanabo
español: Mandanga
eesti: Harilik kanep
suomi: Hamppu
Nordfriisk: Manila
français: Chanvre
italiano: Canapa
日本語: アサ
한국어: 삼
македонски: Обичен коноп
Plattdüütsch: Hanp (Mönsterländsk), Henp (Noorddüütschland)
Nederlands: Hennep
norsk: Hamp
polski: Konopie siewne
português: Maconha
română: Canepa
slovenčina: Konopa siata
svenska: Hampa
ไทย: กัญชง
Türkçe: Kenevir
Wikimedia Commons For more multimedia, look at Cannabis sativa on Wikimedia Commons.