Plantago major

Plantago major, Vallée de Grâce à Amiens (Somme), France

Класификация

Класификация: Lamiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Plantagineae
Genus: Plantago
Subgenus: Plantago subg. Plantago
Sectione: Plantago sect. Plantago
Species: Plantago major
Subspecies: P. m. subsp. intermedia – P. m. subsp. major – P. m. subsp. winteri

Име

Plantago major L., Sp. Pl. 1: 112 (1753).

• Typus: "Habitat in Europa ad vias." Lectotype: Herb. Linn. No. 144.1 (LINN), designated by: Verdcourt in Milne-Redhead & Polhill (ed.), Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Plantaginaceae: 2 (1971)

Синоними

• Homotypic
  • Plantago major var. megastachya Wallr., Sched. Crit.: 62 (1822), nom. inval.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar (introduced), Great Britain, Iceland (introduced), Ireland, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechia-Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Northwest Balkan Peninsula. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia. Regional: Macaronesia Azores (introduced), Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Gulf of Guinea Islands, DR Congo (introduced). Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Eritrea, Ethiopia (introduced). Regional: East Tropical Africa Kenya (introduced). Regional: South Tropical Africa Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe (introduced). Regional: Southern Africa Cape Provinces, Lesotho, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces (introduced). Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean Ascension, St.Helena (introduced). Regional: Western Indian Ocean Chagos Archipelago, Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles (introduced). Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia. Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin. Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Türkiye. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China China South-Central, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang. Regional: Mongolia Mongolia. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan, Korea, Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Assam (introduced), East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya. Regional: Indo-China Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Nicobar Islands, Myanmar, Vietnam (introduced). Regional: Malesia Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Philippines, Sulawesi, Christmas Island (introduced). Regional: Papuasia New Guinea (introduced). Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Norfolk Islands, Tasmania. Regional: New Zealand Chatham Islands, New Zealand North. Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: Southwestern Pacific Fiji, Niue, New Caledonia, Tonga, Vanuatu. Regional: South-Central Pacific Cook Islands, Easter Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Society Islands, Tuamotu, Tubuai Islands. Regional: Northwestern Pacific Marshall Islands. Regional: North-Central Pacific Hawaii. Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Subarctic America Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Greenland, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon. Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Regional: Eastern Canada Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Islands. Regional: Northern South America French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela. Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Galápagos, Peru. Regional: Brazil Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Brazil North, Brazil South. Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Desventurados Islands, Juan Fernández Islands, Uruguay. Continental: Antarctic Regional: Subantarctic Islands South Georgia, Tristan da Cunha (introduced). Source: POWO, World Plants Позовавания: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

Позовавания

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 112. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2025. Plantago major in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2025 Jan 9. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2025. Plantago major. Published online. Accessed 9 Jan 2025. Reference page.
• Hassler, M. 2025. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Plantago major. Accessed: 9 Jan 2025.Reference page. 

Местни имена

• العربية: لسان الحمل الكبير
• azərbaycanca: Böyük bağayarpağı
• беларуская: Трыпутнік вялікі
• català: Plantatge gros
• kaszëbsczi: Psy jãzëczk
• čeština: Jitrocel větší
• Cymraeg: Llydan y ffordd
• dansk: Glat Vejbred
• Deutsch: Breitwegerich
• English: Greater Plantain
• español: Llantén mayor
• eesti: Suur teeleht
• euskara: Plantain handi
• فارسی: بارهنگ
• suomi: Piharatamo
• français: Grand plantain
• galego: Chantaxe maior
• Avañe'ẽ: Llanten
• Gaelg: Cabbag Pherick
• hrvatski: Trputac
• hornjoserbsce: Wulki putnik
• Kreyòl ayisyen: Planten
• magyar: Nagy útifű
• հայերեն: Եզան լեզու
• Bahasa Indonesia: Daun sendok
• íslenska: Græðisúra
• italiano: Piantaggine maggiore
• 日本語: セイヨウオオバコ
• lietuvių: Plačialapis gyslotis
• latviešu: Lielā ceļteka
• македонски: Голем тегавец
• Bahasa Melayu: Pokok Daun Senduk
• မြန်မာဘာသာ: ဆေးကျော်ကြီး
• Nederlands: Grote weegbree
• norsk nynorsk: Groblad
• norsk: Groblad
• occitan: Grand plantatge
• polski: Babka zwyczajna
• português: Tanchagem-maior
• Runa Simi: Saqarara
• русский: Подорожник большой
• srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Trputac
• slovenčina: Skorocel väčší
• slovenščina: Veliki trpotec
• српски / srpski: Женска боквица
• Sunda: Ki Urat
• svenska: Groblad
• тоҷикӣ: Зуф
• ไทย: หญ้าเอ็นยืด
• lea faka-Tonga: Filo
• Türkçe: Büyük sinirli ot
• українська: Подорожник великий
• vèneto: Burati
• vepsän kel’: Son'lehtez
• Tiếng Việt: Mã đề
• 中文（简体）: 宽叶车前
• 中文（繁體）: 寬葉車前
• 中文（臺灣）: 寬葉車前
• 中文: 寬葉車前

For more multimedia, look at Plantago major on Wikimedia Commons. (en)