Pinus balfouriana

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Pinus balfouriana Balf. in A. Murray, Bot. Exped. Oregon 8: 1 (1853).

Heterotypic
- Pinus balfouriana subsp. austrina R.J.Mastrog. & J.D.Mastrog., Syst. Bot. 5: 102 (1980).
- Pinus balfouriana var. austrina (R.J.Mastrog. & J.D.Mastrog.) Silba, Phytologia Mem. 7: 48 (1984).

Subspecies not accepted by Govaerts et al. (2023) based upon Farjon, but Businsky (2008) and most of the other references accept the subspecies.

Native distribution areas:
Northern America Southwestern U.S.A. California. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

Kral, R. 1993. Pinus. Pp. 373-398 in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, XVI, 475 pp. ISBN 0-19-508242-7. efloras FNA Website Internet Archive, Lending Library Reference page.
Businský, R. 2008. The genus Pinus L., pines: contribution to knowledge. A monograph with cone drawings of all species of the world by Ludmila Businská. Acta Pruhoniciana 88: 1–126. PDF (Text) Photos 1–32 Photos 33–42 Figures 1–73 Reference page.
Farjon, A. 2001. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers. 2. ed., 309 pp. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-025-0 Reference page.
Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. 2 vols., pp. 1–526 + 527–1111, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, Boston. ISBN 978-90-04-17718-5. Reference page.

Farjon, A. 2013. Pinus balfouriana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. IUCN Red List Category: Near Threatened . DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42345A2974187.en.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Pinus balfouriana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 March 4. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2023. Pinus balfouriana. Published online. Accessed: March 4 2023. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Pinus balfouriana. Accessed: 4 March 2023.Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. Pinus balfouriana. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 March 4. Reference page.
Calflora
RBGE Threatened Conifers,
Gymnosperm Database
iNaturalist
Lanner's Conifers of California