Picea mariana

Picea mariana, Ouimet Canyon, Ontario, Canada.

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Picea mariana is listed as Least Concern.

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Pinaceae
Genus: Picea
Species: Picea mariana

Name

Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb., Prelim. Cat.: 71 (1888).

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Abies mariana Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 5 (1768).
  • Pinus canadensis var. nigricans Weston, Bot. Univ. 1: 211 (1770).
  • Pinus mariana (Mill.) Münchh., Hausvater 5(1): 224 (1770).
  • Pinus nigra Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 370 (1789), nom. illeg.
  • Pinus canadensis var. nigra Castigl., Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 315 (1790).
  • Abies nigra (Castigl.) Du Roi, Harbk. Baumz., ed. 2, 2: 182 (1800).
  • Abies denticulata Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 206 (1803).
  • Peuce rubra Rich., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 298 (1810).
  • Pinus denticulata (Michx.) Muhl., Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 89 (1813).
  • Abies nigra var. nana Jacques, Ann. Fl. Pomone 5: 328 (1836), nom. nud.
  • Picea nigra (Castigl.) Link, Handbuch 2: 478 (1841).
  • Pinus marylandica Antoine, Coniferen: 88 (1841), not validly publ.
  • Picea nigra var. doumetii Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 242 (1855).
  • Picea nigra var. fastigiata Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif.: 242 (1855).
  • Abies nigra var. pumila Knight ex Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 8 (1858).
  • Picea nigra var. nana Beissn. in H.Jaeger & L.Beissner, Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl., ed. 2: 441 (1884).
  • Picea brevifolia Peck, Spruces Adirondacks: 13 (1897).
  • Picea brevifolia var. semiprostrata Peck, Spruces Adirondacks: 13 (1897).
  • Picea nigra var. semiprostrata (Peck) Brainerd, L.R.Jones & Eggl., Rep. (Annual) Vermont Agric. Exp. Sta. 1900: 6 (1900).
  • Picea nigra var. brevifolia (Peck) Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 3: 1334 (1901).
  • Picea nigra var. virgata Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 3: 1334 (1901).
  • Picea nigra pendula Schwer., Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 12: 94 (1903).
  • Picea mariana var. brevifolia (Peck) Rehder, Rhodora 9: 109 (1907).
  • Picea mariana f. semiprostrata (Peck) S.F.Blake, Rhodora 15: 200 (1913).
  • Picea ericoides Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 2: 160 (1914).
  • Picea mariana f. nana (Beissn.) Rehder, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 24: 214 (1915 publ. 1915).
  • Picea mariana f. fastigiata (Carrière) Rehder, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 24: 213 (1915 publ. 1916).
  • Picea mariana var. beissneri Rehder, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 24: 213 (1915).
  • Picea mariana f. fastigiata Rehder, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 24: 213 (1915).
  • Picea mariana var. fastigiata (Rehder) Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 5: 2619 (1916).
  • Picea mariana f. ericoides (Bean) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 193 (1920).
  • Picea nigra var. pendula-variegata Hornibr., Dwarf Conifers: 124 (1923).
  • Picea mariana f. grisea Vict., Contr. Lab. Bot. Univ. Montréal 10: 16 (1927).
  • Picea mariana f. squamea Vict., Contr. Lab. Bot. Univ. Montréal 10: 17 (1927).
  • Picea mariana var. pendula (Schwer.) Fitschen in L.Beissner, Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 249 (1930).
  • Picea mariana var. pendula-variegata (Hornibr.) Fitschen in L.Beissner, Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 251 (1930).
  • Picea mariana f. doumetii (Carrière) O.L.Lipa, Dendrofl. URSR 1: 82 (1939).
  • Picea mariana f. empetroides Vict. & J.Rousseau, Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 12 (1940).
  • Picea mariana f. beissneri (Rehder) Rehder, Bibl. Cult. Trees: 25 (1949).
  • Picea mariana var. semiprostrata (Peck) Teeri, Rhodora 71: 1 (1969).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Picea mariana Northern America Subarctic America Alaska, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon. Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Eastern Canada Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward I., Québec. North-Central U.S.A Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin. Northeastern U.S.A Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Additional references

• Taylor, R.J. 1993. Picea mariana. Pp. 370 in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, XVI, 475 pp. ISBN 0-19-508242-7. efloras FNA Website Internet Archive, Lending Library Reference page. 
• Farjon, A. 2001. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers. 2. ed., 309 pp. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-025-0 Reference page. 
• Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. 2 vols., pp. 1–526 + 527–1111, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, Boston. ISBN 978-90-04-17718-5. Reference page. 

Links

• Farjon, A. 2013. Picea mariana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. IUCN Red List Category: Least Concern . DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42328A2972877.en.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Picea mariana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2023 March 20. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2023. Picea mariana. Published online. Accessed March 20 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Picea mariana. Accessed: 20 March 2023.
• Hassler, M. 2023. Picea mariana. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2023 March 20. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

dansk: Sort-Gran
Deutsch: Schwarz-Fichte
English: Black Spruce
eesti: Must kuusk
suomi: Mustakuusi
français: Épinette noire
norsk: Svartgran
polski: Świerk czarny
svenska: Svartgran
Türkçe: Kara ladin

For more multimedia, look at Picea mariana on Wikimedia Commons. (en)