Lepra amara

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pertusariales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Fungi Subregnum: Dikarya Divisio: Ascomycota Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina Classis: Lecanoromycetes Subclassis: Ostropomycetidae Ordo: Pertusariales

Familia: Variolariaceae
Genus: Lepra
Species: Lepra amara

Name

Lepra amara (Ach.) Hafellner in Hafellner & Türk, Stapfia 104(1): 171 (2016). [MycoBank #818749]

Basionym

• Variolaria amara Ach., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl., ser. 2, 30(3): 163 (1809). [MycoBank #408577]

Homotypic synonyms

• Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 6: 288 (1872). [MycoBank #399406]

• Marfloraea amara (Ach.) S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur in Kondratyuk et al., Studia Bot. Hung. 46(2): 105 (2015). [MycoBank #814665]

References

• Acharius, E. 1809. Förteckning på de i Sverige växande arter af Lafvarnes familj. [5] Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar, Ser. 2, 30(3): 145–169. BHL Reference page. 

• Hafellner, J. & Türk, R. 2016. Die lichenisierten Pilze Österreichs - eine neue Checkliste der bisher nachgewiesenen Taxa mit Angaben zu Verbreitung und Substratökologie. [The lichenized fungi of Austria - a new checklist of the taxa so far recorded, with data to distribution and substrate ecology.] Stapfia 104(1): 1–216. ZOBODAT (PDF) Reference page. 

• Kondratyuk, S.Y., Lőkös, L., Kim, J.-A, Kondratiuk, A.S., Jeong, M.-H., Jang, S.-H., Oh, S.-O. & Hur, J.-S. 2015. New members of the Pertusariales (Ascomycota) proved by combined phylogenetic analysis. Studia Botanica Hungarica 46(2): 95–110. DOI: 10.17110/StudBot.2015.46.2.95 . Reference page. 

• Nylander, W. 1873 [‘1872’]. Observata lichenological in Pyrenaeis olientalibus. Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Normandie, Ser. 2, 6(2): 256–328. Mattick Rec.# 29168 – Recent Literature on Lichens BHL Reference page. 

• Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Pertusaria (pp. 525-535) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Description of P. amara: pp. 527-528; distribution map for North America: p. 527; color photo: p. 527, plate 628) (Vernacular name page 527.)
• Dibben, M.J. (1980) The Chemosystematics of the Lichen Genus Pertusaria in North America North of Mexico. Publications in Biology and Geology No. 5, Milwaukee Public Museum Press, Milwaukee. 162 pp. (Description of P. amara: pp. 42-45; black-and-white photo of thallus: p.138, fig. 60; distribution maps for North America: p. 132, figs. 9 & 10)
• Dobson, F.S. (2000) (Fourth edition) Pertusaria (pp. 287-295) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp. (Description, distribution map, and color photo of P. amara: p. 289)
• Elix, J.A., Calanasan, C.A. and Archer, A.W. (1991) Subpicrolichenic acid and superpicrolichenic acid, two new depsones from Pertusaria lichens. - Australian Journal of Chemistry 44: 1487–1493.
• Erichsen, C.F.E. (1936) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flechtengattung Pertusaria. – Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regn. Veg. 41: 343–355.
• Lumbsch, H.T. and Nash III, T.H. (2002) Pertusaria (pp. 341-357) In: Nash III, T.H., Ryan, B.D, Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 1. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 532 pages. (Description of P. amara and distribution map for the Sonoran Desert Region: p. 344)
• Lumbsch, H.T., Nash III, T.H. and Messuti, M.I. (1999) A revision of Pertusaria species with hyaline ascospores in southwestern North America (Pertusariales, Ascomycotina). Bryologist 102 (2): 215–239. (Description of P. amara: p. 218; black-and-white photo of thallus: p. 219, fig. 2; distribution map for southwestern North America: p. 228, fig. 37) [1]
• Purvis, O.W. and James, P.W. (1992) Pertusaria DC. (1805) (pp. 447-459) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp. (Description of P. amara: pp. 450-451)
• Thomson, J.W. (2003) Pertusaria (pp.170-175). In, Lichens of Wisconsin. Wisconsin State Herbarium, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 386 pages. (Description of P. amara: p. 171)
• van Herk, K. and Aptroot, A. (2004) Pertusaria (pp. 286-293) In, Veldgids Korstmossen. Koninkliijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging, 423 pages; in Dutch. (Description of P. amara: pp. 286 & 288; color photo: p. 287)
• Wirth, V. (1995) Pertusaria (pp. 693-711 - Teil 2) In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp.; in German. (Description of P. amara, and color photo: p. 699)
• Zhao, Z.-T.; Ren, Q. and Aptroot, A. (2004) An annotated key to the lichen genus Pertusaria in China. - The Bryologist 107 (4): 531–541. (Description and substrate of P. amara: p. 533)

Links

• Index Fungorum: IF 818749
• MycoBank: MB 818749
• Pertusaria amara in LIAS light

• North American Lichen Checklist

Linksto photos

• Pictures of tropical lichens - Pertusaria amara

• Stephen Sharnoff's Lichen Photos - Pertusaria amara

• A Flechtenbilder (Lichen Images) by Ulrich Kirschbaum - Pertusaria amara

• Lichen Gallery by Leif & Anita Stridvall - Pertusaria amara (3)

• The Lichen Herbarium, Natural History Museum, Univ. of Olso, Norway - Pertusaria amara (5)

Vernacular names

English: Bitter wart lichen;   Pore lichen
Nederlands: Ananaskorst