Muscari comosum

Muscari comosum

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asparagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Asparagaceae
Subfamilia: Scilloideae
Tribus: Hyacintheae
Subtribus: Hyacinthinae
Genus: Muscari
Subgenus: M. subg. Leopoldia
Species: Muscari comosum

Name

Muscari comosum (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 2 (1768). (as “Muscari comosus”)

Synonyms

• Basionym
  • Hyacinthus comosus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 318 (1753).
    • Typus: “Habitat in Galliae & Europae australis agris.” Lectotypus, designated by Bentzer (Bot. Not. 126: 75 (1973)): Herb. Linn. No. 438.15 (LINN)
• Homotypic
  • Scilla comosa (L.) Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 243 (1796).
  • Eubotrys comosa (L.) Raf., Autik. Bot.: 124 (1840).
  • Bellevalia comosa (L.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 306 (1843).
  • Leopoldia comosa (L.) Parl., Fl. Palerm. 1: 438 (1845). Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2(2): 160 (1847).
  • Botrycomus vulgaris Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 160 (1869). nom. superfl.
• Heterotypic
  • Hyacinthus monstrosus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 318 (1753).
    • Muscari monstrosum (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 4 (1768). (as “monstrosus”)
    • Scilla monstrosa (L.) Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 243 (1796).
    • Muscari comosum subsp. monstrosum (L.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 228 (1890).
    • Muscari comosum f. monstrosum (L.) Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 2: 259 (1909).
    • Muscari comosum var. monstrosum (L.) Gillet & Magne, Nouv. Fl. Franc. 39 (1863).
  • Muscari longissimum Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 15 (1791).
  • Hyacinthus paniculatus Lam., Encycl. 3: 193 (1789).
    • Muscari paniculatum (Lam.) Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 16 (1791).
    • Pelotris paniculatus (Lam.) Raf., Autik. Bot.: 125 (1840).
  • Hyacinthus fuliginosus Pall., Nova Acta Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. Hist. Acad. 10: 309 (1797). nom. nud.
  • Muscari constrictum Tausch, Flora 24(1): 234 (1841).
    • Etheiranthus constrictus (Tausch) Kostel., Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag.: 56 (1844).
    • Leopoldia constricta (Tausch) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 71 (1878).
    • Bellevalia tenuiflora subsp. constricta (Tausch) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 306 (1890).
  • Muscari pyramidale Tausch, Flora 24(1): 235 (1841).
    • Leopoldia pyramidalis (Tausch) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 71 (1878).
  • Bellevalia pinardii Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 5: 62 (1844).
    • Muscari pinardii (Boiss.) Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 110 (1846).
    • Leopoldia pinardii (Boiss.) Parl., Fl. Palerm. 1: 440 (1845). Giorn. Bot. Ital. 2(2): 162 (1847).
  • Etheiranthus milleri Kostel., Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag.: 56 (1844).
  • Leopoldia calandriniana Parl., Fl. Ital. 2: 496 (1857).
    • Muscari calandrinianum (Parl.) Nyman, Syll. Fl. Eur., Suppl.: 65 (1865).
    • Bellevalia calandriniana (Parl.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 732 (1882).
  • Muscari courtilleri Boreau, Fl. Centre France, ed. 3, 2: 621 (1857).
    • Muscari comosum subsp. courtilleri (Boreau) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 228 (1890).
  • Comus carnosus Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 24 (1866).
  • Bellevalia graeca Heldr., Atti Congr. Int. Bot. Firenze 1874: 228 (1876).
    • Leopoldia graeca (Heldr.) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 67 (1878).
    • Muscari graecum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 291 (1882).
  • Bellevalia holzmannii Heldr., Atti Congr. Int. Bot. Firenze 1874: 228 (1876).
    • Leopoldia holzmannii (Heldr.) Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 65 (1878).
    • Muscari holzmannii (Heldr.) Hirc, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 33: 358 (1883).
    • Leopoldia comosa var. holzmannii (Heldr.) Halácsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 266 (1904).
    • Muscari comosum var. holzmannii (Heldr.) Vierh., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 166 (1916).
    • Muscari comosum subsp. holzmanni (Heldr.) Cif. & Giacom., Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 114 (1950).
  • Leopoldia curta Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 65 (1878).
    • Bellevalia holzmannii var. curta (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Muscari curtum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 292 (1882).
    • Leopoldia pharmacusana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 66 (1878).
    • Bellevalia pharmacusana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Bellevalia sartoriana subsp. pharmacusana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Muscari pharmacusanum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 291 (1882).
  • Leopoldia sartoriana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 66 (1878).
    • Bellevalia sartoriana (Heldr.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Muscari sartorianum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 292 (1882).
  • Leopoldia trojana Heldr., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 53(1): 68 (1878).
    • Muscari trojanum (Heldr.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 290 (1882).
  • Bellevalia bouriana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
  • Leopoldia graminifolia Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Bellevalia graminifolia Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Muscari graminifolium Heldr. & Holzm. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135 (1891).
  • Leopoldia bouviana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 733 (1882).
    • Muscari bouvianum Heldr. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135 (1891).
  • Muscari clusianum K.Koch, Linnaea 22: 253 (1849).
  • Leopoldia clusiana Heldr. ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 732 (1882).
  • Muscari bulgaricum Velen., Fl. Bulg.: 577 (1891).
  • Muscari charrellii Heldr. ex Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 135 (1891).
  • Muscari segusianum E.P.Perrier & Songeon, Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 436 (1894).
  • Leopoldia anguliflora Lojac., Fl. Sicul. 3: 93 (1909).
  • Leopoldia bormaniana Lojac., Fl. Sicul. 3: 94 (1909).
  • Muscari cousturieri Gand., Fl. Cret.: 101 (1916).
    • Muscari comosum var. cousturieri (Gand.) Hayek, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(3): 88 (1932)
  • Muscari cretensium Gand., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 63: 242 (1919).
  • Muscari giennense Pau & Cuatrec., Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 249 (1929).
    

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia Regional: Eastern Europe Krym, Ukraine Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Regional: Macaronesia Canary Islands Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Western Asia Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Miller, P. 1768. The Gardeners Dictionary: containing the best and newest methods of cultivating and improving the kitchen, fruit, flower garden, and nursery. Ed. 8, 3 volumes (without pagination), John & Francis Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.541 Reference page. 

Additional references

• Davis, P.H. & Stuart, D.C. 1984. Muscari. Pp. 245–263 in Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8 (Butomaceae to Typhaceae). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 632 pp., ISBN 0-85224-494-0. Reference page. 
• Bentzer, B. 1973. Taxonomy, Variation and Evolution in Representatives of Leopoldia Parl. (Liliaceae) in the Southern and Central Aegean. Botaniska Notiser 126(1): 69–132. Full issue PDF Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Muscari comosum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Aug. 1. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2018. Muscari comosum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 28 Sep. 2018.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Muscari comosum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
• Buttler, K.P., Thieme, M. & collaborators 2018. Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 10. Frankfurt am Main, August 2018, published on the internet (http://www.kp-buttler.de).
• Tela Botanica (ed.) 2000 onwards: Tela Botanica. Le réseau de la botanique francophone. eFlore. Muscari comosum. Association Tela Botanica, Montpellier, France. Accessed: 2018 Oct 20.

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Schopfige Traubenhyazinthe
Ελληνικά: Καλογήρια
English: Tassel Hyacinth
suomi: Töyhtöhelmililja
français: Muscari à toupet
polski: Szafirek miękkolistny

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