Lolium

Lolium perenne

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Cladus: Diaphoretickes Cladus: CAM Cladus: Archaeplastida Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Poeae
Subtribus: Loliinae
Genus: Lolium
Species: L. adzharicum – L. apenninum – L. arundinaceum – L. atlantigenum – L. canariense – L. chayuense – L. duratum – L. font-queri – L. formosanum – L. giganteum – L. interruptum – L. letourneuxianum – L. liangshanicum – L. mairei – L. mazzettianum – L. mediterraneum – L. multiflorum – L. perenne – L. persicum – L. pluriflorum – L. pratense – L. remotum – L. rigidum – L. saxatile – L. scabriflorum – L. subulatum – L. temulentum – L. tuberosum
Nothospecies: L. × aschersonianum – L. × boucheanum – L. × brinkmannii – L. × czarnohorense – L. × elongatum – L. × fleischeri – L. × holmbergii – L. × hybridum – L. × krasanii – L. × portalii – L. × schlickumii – L. × subnutans

Name

Lolium L., Sp. Pl. 1: 83 (1753).

• Type species: Lolium perenne L., Sp. Pl. 1: 83. (1753)

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Craepalia Schrank, Baier. Fl. 1: 102 (1789).
  • Drymonaetes Ehrh., Beitr. Naturk. Verw. Wiss. 4: 147 (1789).
  • Loliola Dubois, Fl. Auvergne, ed. 2: 181 (1800).
  • Schedonorus P.Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr.: 99 (1812).
  • Bucetum Parn., Grass. Scotland: 104 (1842).
  • Crypturus Link, Linnaea 17: 387 (1844).
  • Arthrochortus Lowe, Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 8: 301 (1856).
  • Gnomonia Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 224 (1915), nom. illeg.
  • Micropyropsis Romero Zarco & Cabezudo, Lagascalia 11: 95 (1983).
  • × Schedolium Holub in Preslia 70: 111 (1998)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Føroyar, Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Svalbard, Sweden. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechia-Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Northwest Balkan Peninsula. Regional: Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine. Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara. Regional: Macaronesia Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira, Selvagens. Regional: West Tropical Africa Mauritania. Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa Gulf of Guinea Islands. Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia (introduced), Socotra. Regional: East Tropical Africa Kenya, Tanzania (introduced). Regional: South Tropical Africa Zimbabwe (introduced). Regional: Southern Africa Cape Provinces, Lesotho, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces (introduced). Regional: Middle Atlantic Ocean St.Helena (introduced). Regional: Western Indian Ocean Chagos Archipelago, Mauritius, Réunion (introduced). Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Siberia Altay, Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutiya. Regional: Russian Far East Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin (introduced). Regional: Middle Asia Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan. Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Western Asia Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Türkiye. Regional: Arabian Peninsula Gulf States, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Regional: China China South-Central, Inner Mongolia (introduced), Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet, Xinjiang. Regional: Eastern Asia Japan (introduced), Korea, Nansei-shoto (introduced), Taiwan. Continental: Asia-Tropical Regional: Indian Subcontinent Bangladesh (introduced), East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya. Regional: Malesia Jawa (in error), Malaya, Philippines (introduced). Regional: Papuasia New Guinea (introduced). Continental: Australasia (introduced) Regional: Australia Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. Regional: New Zealand Antipodean Islands, Chatham Islands, Kermadec Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South. Continental: Pacific (introduced) Regional: Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia. Regional: South-Central Pacific Easter Islands. Regional: North-Central Pacific Hawaii. Continental: Northern America (introduced) Regional: Subarctic America Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Greenland, Northwest Territories, Yukon. Regional: Western Canada Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan. Regional: Eastern Canada Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec. Regional: Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. Regional: North-Central U.S.A. Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Regional: Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia. Regional: Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah. Regional: South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico, Texas. Regional: Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia. Regional: Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast. Continental: Southern America (introduced) Regional: Central America Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama. Regional: Caribbean Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico. Regional: Northern South America Venezuela. Regional: Western South America Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Galápagos, Peru. Regional: Brazil Brazil Southeast, Brazil South. Regional: Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Juan Fernández Islands, Uruguay. Continental: Antarctic Regional: Subantarctic Islands Amsterdam-St.Paul Islands, Crozet Islands, Falkland Islands, Kerguelen, South Georgia, Tristan da Cunha (introduced). References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 83. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Banfi, E.A., Galasso, G., Foggi, B., Kopecký, D. & Ardenghi, N.M. 2017. From Schedonorus and Micropyropsis to Lolium (Poaceae: Loliinae): new combinations and typifications. Taxon 66(3): 708–717. DOI: 10.12705/663.11 PDF Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Lolium in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Sept. 21. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2013. Lolium. Published online. Accessed: 21. Sept. 2013. Reference page.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Lolium. .
• Tropicos.org 2013. Lolium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Sept. 2013. Reference page.

Vernacular names

• беларуская: Жыцік
• български: Райграс
• čeština: Jílek
• dansk: Rajgræs
• Deutsch: Lolch
• English: Ryegrass
• suomi: Raiheinät
• français: Ivraie
• íslenska: Rýgresi
• 日本語: ドクムギ属
• lietuvių: Svidrė
• македонски: Пијанка
• Nederlands: Raaigras
• polski: Życica
• Türkçe: Çim

For more multimedia, look at Lolium on Wikimedia Commons.