Echinopsis

Echinopsis oxygona

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Cactoideae
Tribus: Cereeae
Subtribus: Trichocereinae
Genus: Echinopsis
Widely Accepted Species: E. aurea – E. breviflora – E. calochlora – E. chrysantha – E. densispina – E. haematantha – E. marsoneri – E. oxygona – E. tubiflora
Accepted Species in Dispute: E. albispinosa – E. chalaensis – E. clavata – E. cuzcoensis – E. hammerschmidii – E. huotii – E. ibicuatensis – E. jajoiana – E. lageniformis – E. oligotricha – E. rauschii – E. rhodacantha – E. rojasii – E. silvestrii – E. tacaquirensis – E. torrefluminensis – E. werdermannii

Name

Echinopsis Zucc. (1837)

• Type species: Echinopsis eyriesii (Turpin) Zucc. (1838) nom. illeg. = Echinopsis oxygona (Link) Zucc. ex Pfeiff. & Otto, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 1: t. IV. (1838)

Synonyme

• Homotypisch
  • Echinonyctanthus Lem., Cact. Gen. Sp. Nov. 10. 1839, nom. illeg.
  • Echinopsis ser. Macracanthae K.Schum. in Mart. & al.(ed.), Fl. Bras. 4(2): 227. 1890 [1].
  • Echinopsis ser. Micracanthae K.Schum. in Mart. & al.(ed.), Fl. Bras. 4(2): 227. 1890 [2].

• Heterotypisch
  • Acanthechinopsis Y.Itô, Illus. Flower. Cacti. 67. 1967.
    • Typusart: Echinopsis berlingii Y.Itô
  • Andenea Kreuz, Verzeichn. Amer. Sukkulent. 34. 1935.
    • Typusart: Andenea gregeri Kreuz.
  • Aureilobivia Frič in Kreuz., Verzeichnis Amer. Sukk. Rev. Syst. Kakteen 33. 1935, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: Echinopsis aurea Britton & Rose
  • × Echinobivia G.D.Rowley in Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 21: 82. 1966
  • Echinopsis subg. Pseudoechinopsis Backeb., Systematische Übersicht, Blätter für Kakteenforschung 1(3):[2]. 1934 nom. illeg.
    • Typusart: Echinopsis aurea Britton & Rose
  • Heterolobivia Y.Itô, Bulletin of the Takarazuka Insectarium 71: 18. 1950, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: non design.
  • Hymenorebulobivia Frič ex Kreuz., Verzeichnis Amer. Sukk. Revision Syst. Kakteen 29. 30. 1935 [3], nom. inval.
    • Typusart: non design.
  • Hymenorebulobivia [infragen. unranked] Pectinatae Kreuz., Verzeichnis Amer. Sukk. Revision Syst. Kakteen 29. 1935 [4], nom. inval.
    • Typusart: Hymenorebulobivia kreuzingeri Frič, nom. inval.
  • Hymenorebulobivia [infragen. unranked] Spinosissimae Kreuz., Verzeichnis Amer. Sukk. Revision Syst. Kakteen 29. 1935 [5], nom. inval.
    • Typusart: Hymenorebulobivia spinosissima Kreuz., nom. inval.
  • Hymenorebutia Frič ex Buining, Succulenta (Netherlands) 21 [101]. 1939.
    • Lobivia subg. Hymenorebutia (Frič ex Buining) J.Ullmann, Kaktusy (Brno) 28(1): 5. 1992.
    • Typusart: Hymenorebutia kreuzingeri Frič ex Buining
  • Lobivia ser. Cylindricae Backeb., Cactaceae Jb. der DKG. 1941(2): 33. 1942, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: Lobivia cylindrica Backeb.
  • Lobivia subg. Cyclolobivia Y.Itô, Bulletin of the Takarazuka Insectarium 71: 18. 1950, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: non design.
  • Lobivia subg. Hymenolobivia Buining & Kreuz. ex F.Ritter, Kakteen Südamerika 2: 460. 1980.
    • Hymenolobivia Kreuz. ex Buining, Rebutieae V., Succulenta 20(5): 75. 1938, nom. inval.
      • Typusart: Lobivia buiningiana F.Ritter
  • Megalolobivia Y.Itô, Bulletin of the Takarazuka Insectarium 71: 18. 1950, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: non design.
  • Pilopsis Y.Itô, Bulletin of the Takarazuka Insectarium 71: 17. 1950, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: non design.
  • Salpingolobivia Y.Itô, Explor. Diagr. Austro-echinocact. 290. 1957, nom. inval.
    • Typusart: Salpingolobivia aurea (Britton & Rose) Y.Itô, nom. inval.
  • × Soehrenantha Y.Itô, Shaboten (Zushi) 92: 25. 1976
  • × Soehrenopsis Ficzere & Fabian, Debreceni Pozsgástár 18(2): 5. 2015
  • × Soehrenfuria Y.Itô, Cactaceae: 649. 1981
  • Scoparebutia Frič, Rebotioideae: [3]. 1936, nom. inval.
    • Scoparebutia Frič ex Buining, Succulenta 20(4): 55. 1938, nom. inval.
    • Hymenorebutia subg. Scoparebutia Frič ex Buining, Succulenta 21(9): 103. 1939, nom. inval.
      • Typusart: non design.
        

Note: This is a view of Echinopsis s.s. v. s.l. and all species listed above require their own taxon page as there are significant differences in species circumscriptions between, for example POWO and CACO.

Hybriden

× Acanthinopsis – × Cleistopsis – × Echinobivia – × Echinomoza – × Echinopalxochia – × Echinophyllum – × Oreonopsis

Verbreitung

Natürliche Verbreitungsgebiete:
Continental: Southern America Bolivia, Peru, S-Brazil, S-South America Quellennachweise: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

Quellennachweise

Primärliteratur

• Zuccarini, J.G. 1831-1836 publ. 1838: Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 2: 675.

Weitere Literatur

• Anceschi, G. & Magli, A. 2013. The new monophyletic macrogenus Echinopsis. No risk of paraphyly, and the most convincing hypothesis in phylogenetic terms. Cactaceae Systematics Initiatives 31: 24-27. PDF
• Korotkova, N., Aquino, D., Arias, S., Eggli, U., Franck, A. , Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Guerrero, P.C., Hernández, H.M., Kohlbecker, A., Köhler, M., Luther, K., Majure, L.C., Müller, A., Metzing, D., Nyffeler, R., Sánchez, D., Schlumpberger, B. & Berendsohn, W.G. 2021. Cactaceae at Caryophyllales. org–a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. Willdenowia 51(2): 251–270. DOI: 10.3372/wi.51.51208 Seite dieser Quellenangabe. 
• Preston-Mafham, R. & Preston-Mafham, K. 1992: Cacti the Illustrated Dictionary
• Schlumpberger, B.O. & Renner, S.S. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics of Echinopsis (Cactaceae): Polyphyly at all levels and convergent evolution of pollination modes and growth forms. American Journal of Botany 99(8): 1335-1349. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1100288 PDF. Seite dieser Quellenangabe. 
• Schlumpberger, B.O. 2012. New combinations in the Echinopsis alliance Cactaceae Systematics Initiatives 28.
• GRIN Taxonomy for Plants

Weblinks

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Echinopsis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Nov 04. Seite dieser Quellenangabe. 
• Hassler, M. 2025. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Echinopsis. Accessed: 04 My 2025.
• International Plant Names Index. 2021. Echinopsis. Published online. Accessed Nov 04 2021. Seite dieser Quellenangabe.
• Korotkova, N. et al. 2025. Echinopsis in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2025 May 04. Seite dieser Quellenangabe. 
• Tropicos.org 2021. Echinopsis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 04 Nov 2021. Seite dieser Quellenangabe.

Trivialnamen

• English: Hedgehog Cacti, Sea-urchin Cactus, Easter Lily Cactus
• español: Quisco
• suomi: Pallokaktukset
• magyar: tengerisünkaktusz
• svenska: Sjöborrekaktussläktet

Für weitere Multimedia-Dateien siehe unter Echinopsis bei Wikimedia Commons. (de)