Echinochloa crus-pavonis

Taxonavigation[edit]

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Panicoideae
Tribus: Paniceae
Subtribus: Boivinellinae
Genus: Echinochloa
Species: Echinochloa crus-pavonis

Name[edit]

Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult., 1824

Synonyms[edit]

Basionym
- Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 108 (1816).
Homotypic
- Panicum crus-pavonis (Kunth) Nees in C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 259 (1829).
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-pavonis (Kunth) Hitchc., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 149 (1920).
Heterotypic
- Panicum crus-galli var. aristatum G.Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq.: 53 (1818), nom. illeg.
- Echinochloa aristata Raspail, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 299 (1825), not validly publ.
- Echinochloa composita J.Presl ex Nees in C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 259 (1829), pro syn.
- Panicum crus-galli var. sabulicola (Nees) Trin., Sp. Gram. 2: t. 163 (1829).
- Panicum sabulicola Nees in C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 258 (1829).
- Panicum aristatum Macfad., Bot. Misc. 2: 115 (1830), nom. illeg.
- Oplismenus jamaicensis Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1: 147 (1833).
- Oplismenus sabulicola (Nees) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1: 145 (1833).
- Panicum jamaicense (Kunth) Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 257 (1841).
- Panicum horridum Salzm. ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 47 (1853), pro syn.
- Oplismenus angustifolius E.Fourn., Mexic. Pl. 2: 40 (1886).
- Panicum crus-pavonis var. rostratum Stapf in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 7: 396 (1899).
- Echinochloa sabulicola (Nees) Hitchc., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 17: 257 (1913).
- Echinochloa crus-galli f. sabulicola (Nees) Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 349 (1920).
- Echinochloa crus-galli f. sabulonum Farw., Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 21: 349 (1920), orth. var.
- Echinochloa zelayensis var. macera Wiegand, Rhodora 23: 54 (1921).
- Echinochloa zelayensis var. subaristata Wiegand, Rhodora 23: 54 (1921).
- Echinochloa kimayalaensis Vanderyst, Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 16: 670 (1925).
- Panicum colonum var. bussei Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1): 179 (1930).
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. macera (Wiegand) Shinners, Rhodora 56: 33 (1954).
- Echinochloa crus-pavonis var. macera (Wiegand) Gould, S. W. Naturalist 15: 391 (1971).

Distribution[edit]

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Southeastern Asia
  - Andaman Is., Myanmar, Nicobar Is.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Cambodia, Vietnam
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Indian subcontinent
  - Assam
- Regional: China
  - China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Angola, Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal
- Regional: Western Africa
  - Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo
- Regional: Tropical Africa
  - Burundi, Botswana, Central African Repu, Chad, Niger, Zambia, Zaïre
- Regional: Eastern Africa
  - Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda
- Introduced into:
  - Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, California, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Colorado, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Kansas, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maryland, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Guinea, New Mexico, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicaragua, Oklahoma, Oregon, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Tubuai Is., Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, West Himalaya, Windward Is.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References[edit]

Primary references[edit]

Schultes, J.A. 1824. Mantissa in Volumen Secundum. Systematis Vegetabilium Caroli a Linne ex Editione Joan. Jac. Roemer.... BHL Reference page. : 2:269.

Additional references[edit]

Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Links[edit]

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Echinochloa crus-pavonis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 08. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Echinochloa crus-pavonis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 08. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Echinochloa crus-pavonis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 08 October 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Echinochloa crus-pavonis. Published online. Accessed: October 08 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Echinochloa crus-pavonis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names[edit]

English: : gulf cockspur grass
português: Capim-arroz
中文: 孔雀稗

For more multimedia, look at Echinochloa crus-pavonis on Wikimedia Commons.