Cupressus

Cupressus sempervirens (type), near Omalos Plateau, Crete, Greece

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Cupressaceae
Subfamilia: Cupressoideae
Genus: Cupressus
Species: C. abramsiana – C. arizonica – C. atlantica – C. austrotibetica – C. bakeri – C. benthamii – C. butanoensis – C. cashmeriana – C. chengiana – C. duclouxiana – C. dupreziana – C. fallax – C. forbesii – C. funebris – C. gansuensis – C. gigantea – C. glabra – C. goveniana – C. guadalupensis – C. lusitanica – C. macnabiana – C. macrocarpa – C. montana – C. nevadensis – C. nootkatensis – C. pygmaea – C. revealiana – C. rushforthii – C. sargentii – C. sempervirens – C. stephensonii – C. tonkinensis – C. tortulosa – C. torulosa – C. vietnamensis

Nothospecies: C. × loritiensis – C. × symbolica – C. × wangii

Source(s) of checklist:  (en)
Cupressus taxonomy, retrieved 18 Oct. 2020 A taxonomic opinion that is not peer reviewed

Name

Cupressus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1002 (1753); Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 435 (1754).

• Lectotype species: Cupressus sempervirens L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1002. (1753), designated by A.H. Kent in Veitch's Man. Conif. ed. 2: 200. 1900.
  

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Callitropsis Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, ser. 2, 6: 32 (1864).
  • × Cupressocyparis Dallim., Hand-List Conif., Roy. Bot. Gard., Kew, ed. 4: 37 (1938).
  • × Cuprocyparis Farjon, Novon 12: 188 (2002).
  • Xanthocyparis Farjon & T.H.Nguyên, Novon 12: 179 (2002), nom. cons.
  • Platycyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan, Komarovia 4: 73 (2006).
  • Tassilicyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan, Komarovia 4: 72 (2006).
  • Hesperocyparis Bartel & R.A.Price, Phytologia 91: 179 (2009).
  • Neocupressus de Laub., Novon 19: 301 (2009), nom. superfl.
  • × Neocupropsis de Laub., Novon 19: 305 (2009).
  • × Hesperotropsis Garland & Gerry Moore, Taxon 61: 669 (2012).
    

Note: See discussion page with respect to the circumscription of the genus. However, read through the arguments on this website Cupressus in the Gymnosperm Database (2020) alongside Mao et al. (2019).

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1002. Reference page. 
• Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 435. Reference page. 

Additional references

• Adams, R.P., Bartel, J.A. & Price, R.A. 2009. A new genus, Hesperocyparis, for the cypresses of the Western Hemisphere (Cupressaceae). Phytologia 91(1): 160–185. PDF BHL ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Adams, R.P. 2018. Evolution of dioecious/monecious taxa in Juniperus, contrasted with Cupressus, Hesperocyparis, Callitropsis and Xanthocyparis (Cupressaceae). Phytologia 100(4): 248–255. PDF Reference page. 
• Christenhusz, M.J.M., Reveal, J.L., Farjon, A., Gardner, M.F., Mill, R.R. & Chase, M.W. 2011. A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms. Phytotaxa 19: 55–70. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3 PDF Reference page. 
• Farhat, P., Siljak‐Yakovlev, S., Hidalgo, O., Rushforth, K., Bartel, J.A., Valentin, N., Leitch, I.J. & Adams, R.P. 2022. Polyploidy in Cupressaceae: Discovery of a new naturally occurring tetraploid, Xanthocyparis vietnamensis. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 60(4): 824-834. DOI: 10.1111/jse.12751 Reference page. 
• Hutchinson, J. 1924. Contributions towards a Phylogenetic Classification of Flowering Plants: III. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1924(2): 49–66. DOI: 10.2307/4118554 Reference page. 
• Little, D.P. 2006. Evolution and circumscription of the true Cypresses (Cupressaceae: Cupressus). Systematic Botany 31(3): 461–480. DOI: 10.1600/036364406778388638 BioOne JSTOR Reference page. 
• Mao, K.-S., Hao, G., Liu, J.Q., Adams, R.P. & Milne, R.I. 2010. Diversification and biogeography of Juniperus (Cupressaceae): variable diversification rates and multiple intercontinental dispersals. New Phytologist 188(1): 254–272. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03351.x PDF. Reference page. 
• Mao, K.-S., Ruhsam, M., Ma, Y., Graham, S.W., Liu, J.Q., Thomas, P., Milne, R.I. & Hollingsworth, P.M. 2019. A transcriptome-based resolution for a key taxonomic controversy in Cupressaceae. Annals of Botany 123(1): 153–167. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy152 Reference page. 
• Stull, G.W., Qu, X.J., Parins-Fukuchi, C., Yang, Y.Y., Yang, J.B., Yang, Z.Y., Hu, Y., Ma, H., Soltis, P.S., Soltis, D.E. & Li, D.Z. 2021. Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms. Nature Plants 7(8): 1015-1025. DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4 Reference page. 
• Terry, R.G. & Adams, R.P. 2015. A molecular re-examination of phylogenetic relationships among Juniperus, Cupressus, and the Hesperocyparis–Callitropsis–Xanthocyparis clades of Cupressaceae. Phytologia 97(1): 66–74. PDF BHL Reference page. 
• Terry, R.G., Schwarzbach, A.E. & Bartel, J.A. 2018. A molecular phylogeny of the Old World cypresses (Cupressus: Cupressaceae): evidence from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(10): 1181–1197. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-018-1540-1 JSTOR Reference page. 
• Xiang, Q.P. & Li, J.H. 2005. Derivation of Xanthocyparis and Juniperus from within Cupressus: Evidence from Sequences of nrDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Region. Harvard Papers in Botany 9(2): 375–382. JSTOR Reference page. 
• Zhu, A., Fan, W., Adams, R.P. & Mower, J.P. 2018. Phylogenomic evidence for ancient recombination between plastid genomes of the Cupressus-Juniperus-Xanthocyparis complex (Cupressaceae). BMC Evolutionary Biology 18(137): 1–10. DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1258-2 Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Cupressus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Jan. 18. Reference page.  (accepts the segregation of Cupressus, Callitropsis, Hesperocyparis, Xanthocyparis)
• International Plant Names Index. 2017. Cupressus. Published online. Accessed Feb. 25 2017. Reference page.
• Tropicos.org 2017. Cupressus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 25 Feb. 2017. Reference page.
• Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Cupressus in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2020 Sep 30. Reference page. 
• IUCN link: Cupressus threatened species
• Cupressus Conservation Project
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cupressus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2013-12-06.
• Jarvis, C.E. (ed.) 2020. Cupressus sempervirens in the The Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. Published on internet. Accessed 2020 Nov 08 (with update of typification).

Vernacular names

• العربية: سرو
• azərbaycanca: Həmişəyaşıl sərv
• беларуская (тарашкевіца): Кіпарыс
• беларуская: Кіпарыс
• български: Кипарис
• brezhoneg: Siprezenn
• català: Xiprer
• corsu: Cipressu
• čeština: Cypřiš
• чӑвашла: Кипарис
• dansk: Cypres
• Deutsch: Zypressen
• dolnoserbski: Cypresa
• Ελληνικά: Κυπαρίσσι
• English: Cypress
• Esperanto: Cipreso
• español: Ciprés
• eesti: Küpress
• euskara: Altzifre
• فارسی: سرو
• suomi: Sypressit
• français: Cyprès
• Gàidhlig: Craobh-bhròin
• galego: Alcipreste
• עברית: ברוש
• hrvatski: Čempres
• hornjoserbsce: Cypresa
• magyar: Ciprus
• հայերեն: Նոճի
• Ido: Cipreso
• íslenska: Sýprus
• italiano: Cipressi
• 日本語: イトスギ
• ქართული: კვიპაროზი
• 한국어: 사이프러스
• кыргызча: Кипарис
• lingála: Sipre
• lietuvių: Kiparisas
• latviešu: Cipreses
• македонски: Чемпрес
• Nederlands: Cipres
• norsk: Sypresslekten
• occitan: Ciprès
• polski: Cyprys
• português: Cipreste
• Runa Simi: Sipris
• română: Chiparos
• русский: Кипарис
• sardu: Cipressu
• srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Čempres
• slovenčina: Cyprus
• српски / srpski: Чемпрес
• svenska: Cypresser
• тоҷикӣ: Сарв
• Türkçe: Servi
• українська: Кипарис
• oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Sarv
• Tiếng Việt: Chi Hoàng đàn
• West-Vlams: Cypresse
• 中文: 柏木属

For more multimedia, look at Cupressus on Wikimedia Commons. (en)