Crocus biflorus

Crocus biflorus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Asparagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Iridaceae
Subfamilia: Crocoideae
Tribus: Ixieae
Genus: Crocus
Sectio: C. sect. Nudiscapus
Series: C. ser. Biflori
Species: Crocus biflorus

Name

Crocus biflorus Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 4. 1768. ("Biflora")

• Typus: Italy, Tuscany, Monte Javello (province of Prato), February 2013, G. Gestri, H. Kerndorff & E. Pasche HKEP 1307 (Neotypus, designated by Harpke et al. 2016: 133: GAT 25812).

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Crocus biflorus var. milleri J.Gay, Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369. 1827, nom. inval.
  • Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
• Heterotypic
  • Crocus cinericius Weston, Bot. Univ. 2: 237. 1771.
  • Crocus vernus var. pusillus Ten., Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): VII. 1811.
  • Crocus circumscissus Haw., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 137. 1812.
  • Crocus striatus Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 48. 1821.
  • Crocus minimus Ten., Fl. Med. Univ. 1: 24. 1822, nom. illeg.
  • Crocus pusillus (Ten.) Ten., Index Seminum (NAP, Neapolitano) 1825: 11. 1825.
  • Crocus biflorus var. janii J.Gay, Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369. 1827.
  • Crocus biflorus var. tenorei J.Gay, Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369. 1827, nom. superfl.
  • Crocus italicus Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 1: 88. 1828.
  • Crocus argenteus Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 431. 1830.
  • Crocus argenteus var. batavicus Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 455. 1830.
  • Crocus argenteus var. praecox Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 456. 1830.
  • Crocus biflorus var. communis Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 452. 1830.
  • Crocus biflorus var. parkinsonii Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 454. 1830.
  • Crocus biflorus var. stigmatosus Sabine, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 454. 1830.
  • Crocus praecox Haw. in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot., Suppl. 1: t. 2645. 1830.
  • Crocus lineatus Jan, Elench. Pl.: 1. 1831.
  • Crocus nanus Herbich ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 441. 1840, nom. inval.
  • Crocus parkinsonii (Sabine) Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 441. 1840.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. albidus Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. argenteus (Sabine) Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. caerulescens Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. estriatus Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. lineatus (Jan) Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. princeps Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus var. pusillus (Ten.) Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. stigmatosus Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus subvar. tenoreanus Herb., Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861. 1841.
  • Crocus annulatus var. caerulescens (Herb.) Herb., J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286. 1847.
  • Crocus annulatus var. estriatus (Herb.) Herb., J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286. 1847.
  • Crocus biflorus var. estriatus (Herb.) Tchich., Asie Min., Bot. 2: 520. 1860.
  • Crocus biflorus var. lineatus (Jan) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 705. 1882, nom. superfl.
  • Crocus biflorus subsp. pusillus (Ten.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 705. 1882.
  • Crocus fussianus J.Gay ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 705. 1882.
  • Crocus biflorus subsp. argenteus (Sabine) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 250. 1890.
  • Crocus biflorus f. lineatus (Jan) Bolzon, Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1904: 28. 1904.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:
Continental: Europe Regional: Southeastern Europe Italy, Sicilia. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Miller, P. 1768. The Gardeners Dictionary: containing the best and newest methods of cultivating and improving the kitchen, fruit, flower garden, and nursery. Ed. 8, 3 volumes (without pagination), John & Francis Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.541 Reference page. 

Additional references

• Harpke, D., Kerndorff, H., Pasche, E. & Peruzzi, L. 2016. Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus. Phytotaxa 260(2): 131–143. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.260.2.3 Reference page. 
• Rukšāns, J. 2017. The World of Crocuses. 568 pp. The Latvian Academy of Sciences, Riga. ISBN 978-9934-19-125-1. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Crocus biflorus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Feb 18. Reference page. 
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Crocus biflorus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

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