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Bromus diandrus

From Wikispecies
Bromus diandrus
Bromus diandrus

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Poales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Cladus: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Bromeae
Genus: Bromus
Subgenus: B. subg. Stenobromus
Species: Bromus diandrus

Name

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Bromus diandrus Roth, Bot. Abh. Beobacht.: 44 (1787).

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
    • Anisantha diandra (Roth) Tutin ex Tzvelev, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 22: 4 (1963).
  • Heterotypic
    • Bromus pallens Cav., Icon. 6: 66 (1801).
    • Bromus pilosus F.Dietr., Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 1: 558 (1802).
      • Bromus maximus subsp. pilosus (F.Dietr.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 114 (1890).
      • Bromus diandrus f. pilosus (F.Dietr.) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972).
    • Bromus murorum Bernh. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 2: 651 (1817), pro syn.
    • Bromus gussonei Parl., Rar. Pl. Sicilia 2: 8 (1840).
      • Bromus maximus var. gussonei (Parl.) Parl., Fl. Ital. 1: 407 (1850).
      • Bromus rigidus var. gussonei (Parl.) Coss. & Durieu in M.C.Durieu de Maisonneuve, Expl. Sci. Algérie 2: 159 (1855).
      • Bromus maximus subsp. gussonei (Parl.) Arcang., Comp. Fl. Ital.: 796 (1882).
      • Bromus rigens var. gussonei (Parl.) T.Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 926 (1894).
      • Bromus villosus var. gussonei (Parl.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 595 (1901).
      • Bromus rigens var. gussonei (Parl.) Cout., Fl. Portugal: 94 (1913).
      • Bromus villosus proles gussonei (Parl.) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France 14: 248 (1913).
      • Bromus villosus subsp. gussonei (Parl.) Holmb., Stud. Veg. Cyprus: 36 (1914).
      • Anisantha gussonei (Parl.) Nevski, Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot. 17: 20 (1934).
      • Bromus rigidus subsp. gussonei (Parl.) Maire in É.Jahandiez & al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 865 (1934).
      • Zerna gussonei (Parl.) Grossh., Fl. Kavkaza, ed. 2, 1: 305 (1939).
      • Bromus maximus subsp. gussonei (Parl.) Douin, Fl. Iraq 9: t. 48 (1968).
    • Bromus propendens Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 231 (1855), nom. superfl.
      • Bromus gussonei var. propendens (Jord.) Fouill., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 80: 484 (1933).
      • Bromus rigidus f. propendens (Jord.) Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 235 (1955).
      • Bromus diandrus f. propendens Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972).
    • Bromus ambigens Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 229 (1855).
      • Bromus maximus var. ambigens (Jord.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 82 (1882).
      • Bromus villosus var. ambigens (Jord.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 595 (1901).
      • Bromus diandrus var. ambigens (Jord.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 595 (1901).
      • Bromus villosus proles ambigens (Jord.) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France 14: 248 (1913).
      • Bromus villosus subsp. ambigens (Jord.) Braun-Blanq., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 26 (1919).
      • Bromus rigidus var. ambigens (Jord.) Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 234 (1955).
      • Bromus rigidus subsp. ambigens (Jord.) Pignatti, Giorn. Bot. Ital. 111: 59 (1977).
    • Bromus asperipes Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 229 (1855).
      • Bromus maximus var. asperipes (Jord.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 82 (1882).
      • Bromus rigidus f. asperipes (Jord.) Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 235 (1955).
      • Bromus diandrus f. asperipes (Jord.) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972), nom. inval., without basionym ref.
    • Bromus boraei Jord. in P.C.Billot, Annot. Fl. France Allemagne: 230 (1855).
      • Bromus gussonei var. boraei (Jord.) Fouill., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 80: 482 (1933).
      • Bromus diandrus f. boraei (Jord.) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972), nom. inval., without basionym ref.
    • Bromus maximus var. glaber Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 98 (1861).
      • Bromus diandrus f. glaber (Willk.) Soó, Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 115 (1971 publ. 1972).
    • Bromus maximus subsp. macrantherus Hack. ex Trab. in J.A.Battandier & L.C.Trabut, Fl. Algérie, Monocot.: 226 (1895).
      • Bromus rigens subsp. macrantherus (Hack.) Cout., Fl. Portugal: 94 (1913).
    • Bromus maximus var. major Gaut., Cat. Fl. Corbières: 247 (1912).

Homonyms

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Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Great Britain, Ireland (introduced).
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Germany (introduced).
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia, Türkiye-in-Europe, Northwest Balkan Peninsula.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Krym (introduced).
  • Continental: Africa
    • Regional: Northern Africa
      • Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
    • Regional: Macaronesia
      • Azores (introduced), Canary Islands, Cape Verde (introduced), Madeira.
    • Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Sudan-South Sudan (introduced).
    • Regional: East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya, Tanzania (introduced).
    • Regional: Southern Africa
      • Cape Provinces, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces (introduced).
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Russian Far East
      • Primorye (introduced).
    • Regional: Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus.
    • Regional: Western Asia
      • Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Türkiye.
    • Regional: Arabian Peninsula
      • Saudi Arabia.
  • Continental: Asia-Tropical (introduced)
    • Regional: Indian Subcontinent
      • India, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
    • Regional: Malesia
      • Lesser Sunda Islands.
  • Continental: Australasia (introduced)
    • Regional: Australia
      • New South Wales, Norfolk Islands, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia.
    • Regional: New Zealand
      • Chatham Islands, Kermadec Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
  • Continental: Pacific
    • Regional: North-Central Pacific
      • Hawaii (introduced).
  • Continental: Northern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Western Canada
      • British Columbia.
    • Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.
    • Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah.
    • Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico, Texas.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, District of Columbia.
    • Regional: Mexico
      • Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexican Pacific Islands, Mexico Northwest.
  • Continental: Southern America (introduced)
    • Regional: Central America
      • Guatemala.
    • Regional: Caribbean
      • Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica.
    • Regional: Western South America
      • Ecuador.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Vernacular names

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  • Afrikaans:  Predikantsluis
  • مصرى:  شويعره ضخمه
  • العربية:  شويعرة ضخمة
  • Deutsch:  Großährige Trespe
  • English:  Broncho grass
  • Nederlands:  Hoge dravik
  • українська:  Стоколос двотичинковий
  • 中文:  硬雀麥
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