Talk:Hemiptera

Which taxon name is disputed?

This Talk page appears to dispute the taxon Homoptera, not the taxon Hemiptera. Consider moving dispute to Homoptera. Adickey7 (talk) 02:53, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

@Adickey7: The link Homoptera is redirected to the Hemiptera page. –Tommy Kronkvist (talk), 08:52, 14 January 2023 (UTC).

Thanks @Tommy Kronkvist. It seems Homoptera should be it's own Incertae sedis and should not redirect anywhere. Adickey7 (talk) 12:29, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

@Adickey7 @Tommy Kronkvist It might be worth noting that the disputed template was added all the way back in July 2008 by an anonymous IP: [1], who at the same time wrote the original version of the "Suborders of Hemiptera" talk page section: [2]. Though that said, 15 years later... is this dispute actually still ongoing? Monster Iestyn (talk) 14:35, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

@Monster Iestyn@Tommy Kronkvist Google search indicates many of the largest University Entomology Departments and their associated Extension pages still use the taxonomy that contains Homoptera (disputed). I think the original textbook that introduced this putative order/suborder was Borrer et al. ~2001 (don't hold me to that) and was/is very popular. It was at least referenced when I got my PhD in 2010. Until the largest Departments fully abandon that taxonomy, I'd say yes, the dispute is ongoing. I'd like to nudge wikispecies in affirming that Hemiptera is not disputed at the ordinal level... unless someone wants to dispute me on that. Adickey7 (talk) 16:03, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

I removed the redirection from Homoptera as it is Hemiptera's child and not it's equivalent. Hemiptera is not disputed so I also removed the disputed tag from Hemiptera.Adickey7 (talk) 23:19, 31 January 2023 (UTC)

Distribution

• Worldwide

etc.

Suborders of Hemiptera

Historically, the Hemiptera were divided into two suborders, Heteroptera and Homoptera. Heteroptera is uncontroversially monophyletic, but it is now agreed that Homoptera is paraphyletic, and that Sternorrhyncha is sister to the remaining Hemiptera (von Dohlen & Moran, 1995). The monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha is disputed. At any rate, Auchenorrhyncha consists of two monophyletic subgroups, traditionally called Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha, and each given the rank of infraorder. One line of evidence (mainly molecular) suggests that Fulgoromorpha is the sister group of Heteroptera (plus Coleorrhyncha), leading to the splitting of Auchenorrhyncha into two suborders, Clypeorrhyncha (for Cicadomorpha), and Archaeorrhyncha (for Fulgoromorpha). However, other authors cite 'compelling morphological evidence' for the monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha (e.g., Grimaldi & Engel, 2005). Since the Clypeorrhyncha/Archaeorrhyncha classification is actually consistent with both sides of the debate, I prefer to adopt it herein and remain neutral on the monophyly or otherwise of Auchenorrhyncha. Similarly, it is now agreed that Coleorrhyncha is sister to Heteroptera, which leads some authors to recognise a suborder Prosorrhyncha, but since this causes complications in reclassifying the Heteroptera, and the two groups are very distinct morphologically, it is more convenient to retain them as separate suborders. Hence, there are two competing phylogenetic hypotheses for hemipteran suborders. The first is

Hemiptera	Sternorrhyncha unnamed Auchenorrhyncha unnamed Coleorrhyncha unnamed Heteroptera

which in the 5 suborder system adopted herein can be written as

Hemiptera	Sternorrhyncha unnamed Clypeorrhyncha unnamed Archaeorrhyncha unnamed Coleorrhyncha unnamed Heteroptera

The second, based mainly on molecular evidence, is

Hemiptera	Sternorrhyncha unnamed Clypeorrhyncha unnamed Archaeorrhyncha unnamed Coleorrhyncha unnamed Heteroptera

References

• Campbell, B.C.; Steffen-Campbell, J.D.; Sorensen, J.T.; Gill, R.J. 1995: Paraphyly of Homoptera and Auchenorrhyncha inferred from 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. Systematic entomology, 20: 175-194.
• Dohlen, C.D. von; Moran, N.A. 1995: Molecular phylogeny of the Homoptera: a paraphyletic taxon. Journal of molecular evolution, 41: 211-223.
• Grimaldi, D.; Engel, M.S. 2005: Evolution of the insects. Cambridge University Press.
• Sorensen, J.T.; Campbell, B.C.; Gill, R.J.; Steffen-Campbell, J.D. 1995: Non-monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha ("Homoptera"), based upon 18S rDNA phylogeny: eco-evolutionary and cladistic implications with pre-Heteropteroidea Hemiptera (s.l.) and a proposal for new monophyletic suborders. Pan-Pacific entomologist, 71(1): 31-60.
• Bourgoin, T.; Campbell, B.C. 2002: Inferring a phylogeny for Hemiptera: Falling into the "Autapomorphic Trap". Denisia, 4: 67-82.
• Yoshizawa, K.; Saigusa, T. 2001: Phylogenetic analysis of paraneopteran orders (Insecta: Neoptera) based on forewing base structure, with comments on monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera). Systematic entomology, 26: 1-13.

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