Pedinellales

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Chromista
Subregnum: Harosa
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Subphylum: Phaeista
Infraphylum: Monista
Superclassis: Hypogyristia
Classis: Dictyochophyceae
Subclassis: Alophycidae
Superordo: Actinochrysia
Ordo: Pedinellales

Familiae: Cyrtophoraceae – Pedinellaceae

Name

Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup & Hällfors, Protistologica 20: 609. 1985 ['1984']

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Ciliophryales Febvre-Chev., Ann. Inst. Océanogr. (Paris) 58(Suppl.): 175 (1982) (“Ciliophryida”), pro zool. ord.
    • Ciliophryineae L.A.Davidson, J. Protozool. 29: 26 (1982) (“Ciliophryina”), pro zool. subord.
  • Actinomonadineae Caval.-Smith [in Cavalier-Smith & E.E. Chao] J. Mol. Evol. 62: 404 (2006), pro subord.

Similar groups

• Pedinellaceae Pascher, 1910
• Pedinellea Cavalier-Smith, 1986
• Pedinellophyceae Kristiansen, 1986
• Pedinellidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995
• Pedinellophycidae Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1995
• Pedinellida

References

Primary references

• Davidson, L.A. 1982. Ultrastructure, behavior, and the algal flagellate affinities of the helioflagellate Ciliophrys marina, and the classification of the Helioflagellates (Protista, Actinopoda, Heliozoea). Journal of Protozoology 29(1): 19–29. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1982.tb02876.x Reference page. 
• Febvre-Chevalier, C. 1982. Revision of the taxonomy of the Heliozoa with attention to electron microscopical criteria. Annales de l’Institut Océanographique, N.S. 58(Supplémentaire): 173–178. Google Books . Reference page. 
• Zimmermann, B., Moestrup, Ø. & Hällfors, G. 1985 ["1984"]. Chrysophyte or heliozoon: ultrastructural studies on a cultured species of Pseudopedinella (Pedinellales ord. nov.), with comments on species taxonomy. Protistologica 20: 591–612. Reference page. 

Links

• Pedinellales in the World Register of Marine Species

Alternative classifications

Kristiansen (1986)

Kristiansen, J. 1986. The ultrastructural bases of chrysophyte systematics and phylogeny. CRC Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 4: 149–211. From Preisig (1995), [1].

• Class Chrysophyceae

• Order Ochromonadales
• Order Mallomonadales
• Order Chrysamoebales
• Order Chrysocapsales
• Order Hydrurales
• Order Chrysosphaerales
• Order Phaeothamniales
• Order Sarcinochrysidales

• Class Pedinellophyceae

• Order Pedinellales

• Class Dictyochophyceae

• Order Dictyochales

Preisig / Moestrup (1995)

Preisig, H. R. (1995). A modern concept of chrysophyte classification. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp. 49–50, [2]

Moestrup, Ø. (1995) Current status of chrysophyte 'splinter groups': synurophytes, pedinellids, silicoflagellates. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp.75-91.

"Chrysophyceae and 'splinter groups'"

• Class Chrysophyceae (Pascher, 1914, nom. descrip.; Hibberd, 1976, nom. typificatum)

• Order Bicosoecales Grassé, 1926 ("Bicoecinae", nom. nud.)
• Order Chromulinales Pascher, 1910 (incl. Ochromonadales Pascher, 1910)
• Order Hibberdiales Andersen, 1989
• Order Hydrurales Pascher, 1931
• Order Sancinochrysidales Gayral & Billard 1977
• Order Chrysomeridales O'Kelly & Billard (to be published)

• Class Dictyochophyceae Silva, 1980

• Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
• Order Rhizochromulinales O'Kelly & Wujek, 1994
• Order Dictyochales Haeckel, 1894 ("Dictyocheae")

• Class Synurophyceae Andersen, 1987 (Cavalier-Smith, 1986: "Synurea")

• Order Synurales Andersen, 1987

van den Hoek et al. (1995)

From Hoek, C. van den, Mann, D.G. and Jahns, H.M. (1995). Algae An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

"Algae"

• Division Heterokontophyta
  • Class Chrysophyceae
    • Order Pedinellales (= Class Pedinellophyceae, e.g., Pedinella)

Moestrup in Lee et al. (2000)

Moestrup, Ø., 2000. Order Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup and Hällfors 1984. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 778-782, [3]. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [4].

In “protozoa”, “stramenopiles”

• Class Silicoflagellata Lemmermann, 1901
  • Order Pedinellales
    • Family Actinomonadidae
      • Genus Pedinella
      • Genus Pseudopedinella
      • Genus Apedinella
      • Genus Actinomonas
      • Genus Pteridomonas
      • Genus Ciliophrys

Patterson in Lee et al. (2000)

Patterson, D.J., 2000. Residual Heterotrophic Stramenopiles. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 751-754, [5]. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [6].

In “protozoa”, “stramenopiles”

• stramenochromes
  • core chrysophytes (Chromulinales, Hibberdiales, Hydrurales, Pelagophytes, Chrysomeridales)
    • axodines (Dictyochales, Pedinellales, Rhizochromulinales)

Kristiansen & Preisig (2001)

Kristiansen, J. & Preisig, H.R. 2001. Encyclopedia of Chrysophyte Genera. Bibliotheca Phycologica, Band 110. J. Cramer, Berlin/Stuttgart. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [7].

• [Table 1. Classes, orders, families and genera of chrysophytes, p. 9]
  • Class Dictyochophyceae P.C. Silva, 1980 (= Class Silicoflagellata Lemmerm., 1901)
    • Order Dictyochales Haeckel, 1894
    • Order Pedinellales B. Zimm., Moestrup & G. Hällfors, 1984
    • Order Rhizochromulinales O'Kelly & Wujek, 1994

Mikrjukov & Patterson (2001)

Mikrjukov, K. A., & Patterson, D. J. (2001). Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica, 40(1), 3-26, [8]

Classification 1

• Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894
  • Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993
  • Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995
    • Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951
    • Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.
      • Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995
      • Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.
        • Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
        • Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985
          • Genus Ciliophrys Cienkowski, 1876
            • • Ciliophrys infusionum Cienkowski, 1876 (Syns: C. marina Caullery, 1909; Dimorpha monomastix Penard, 1921)
              • Ciliophrys australis Schewiakoff, 1893
              • Ciliophrys azurina Patterson, sp. n.
        • Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913

Classification 2

• [In stramenopiles: Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894]
  • pelagophytes [Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993]
  • Axodines [Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995]
    • Silicoflagellates [Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951]
    • Abodines [Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.]
      • Rhizochromulinids [Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995]
      • Actinodines [Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.]
        • [Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984, paraphyletic]
          • Pseudopedinella sm
          • Mesopedinella sm
          • Apedinella sm
          • Parapedinella sm
          • Unnamed taxon
            • Pedinella sm
            • Actinomonads
              • Pteridomonas
              • Actinomonas
              • Heliomonads
                • Ciliophrys [Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985]
                • Actinophryids [Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913]

Mikryukov (2001)

Mikryukov, K.A. (2001). Heliozoa as a component of marine microbenthos: a study of Heliozoa of the White Sea. Ophelia 54: 51–73.

Heliozoa

• Order Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup & Hallfors, 1984
  • Family Actinomonadidae Poche, 1913

Hausmann et al. (2003)

From Hausmann, K., N. Hulsmann, R. Radek. Protistology. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchshandlung, Stuttgart, 2003.

Empire Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 (= Eukarya)

• Eukaryota incertae sedis
  • Actinopoda Calkins, 1902
    • Acantharea Haeckel, 1881
    • Polycystinea Ehrenberg, 1838
    • Phaeodarea Haeckel, 1881
    • Heliozoea Haeckel, 1866
      • Actinophryida Kuhn, 1926
      • Desmothoracida Hertwig & Lesser,1874
      • Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985
      • Taxopodida Fol, 1883
      • Centrohelida Hartmann, 1913

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

• Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M.D. & Kirk, P.M. 2015. A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119248 . [Correction in 10(6): e0130114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130114 .] Reference page. 

• Superkingdom Eukaryota
  • Kingdom Chromista
    • Subkingdom Harosa [= "Supergroup SAR"]
      • Infrakingdom Halvaria
        • Superphylum Heterokonta [= "Supergroup Stramenopiles"]
          • Phylum Ochrophyta [= Heterokontophyta p.p.]
            • Class Dictyochophyceae [= Hypogyristea]
              • Order Dictyochales
              • Order Olisthodiscales
              • Order Pedinellales
              • Order Pelagomonadales
              • Order Sarcinochrysidales